Spring cloud实现FeignClient指定Zone调用

Posted 干货满满张哈希

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本文基于Spring Cloud Fincheley SR3

背景介绍

目前项目多个区域多个集群,这些集群共用同一个Eureka集群。通过设置eureka.instance.metadata-map.zone设置不同实例所属的zone,zone之间不互相调用,只有zone内部调用(其实这里用zone做了集群隔离,实际上集群肯定是跨可用区的,这里的eureka中的zone在我们项目里面并不是可用区的概念)。

对应配置(假设调用的服务名字是service-provider)

# 当前实例所在区域,同时由于NIWSServerListFilterClassName配置的是ZoneAffinityServerListFilter并且EnableZoneAffinity和EnableZoneExclusivity都是true,只有处于同一个zone的实例才会被调用
eureka.instance.metadata-map.zone=local

service-provider.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.AvailabilityFilteringRule
service-provider.ribbon.NIWSServerListFilterClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.ZoneAffinityServerListFilter
service-provider.ribbon.EnableZoneAffinity=true
service-provider.ribbon.EnableZoneExclusivity=true

service-provider.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.AvailabilityFilteringRule

# ribbon.ServerListRefreshInterval时间内有多少断路次数就触发断路机制
niws.loadbalancer.service-provider.connectionFailureCountThreshold=3
niws.loadbalancer.service-provider.circuitTripTimeoutFactorSeconds=10
niws.loadbalancer.service-provider.circuitTripMaxTimeoutSeconds=30

但是,统一管理后台就比较麻烦了。理想情况下,应该是每个微服务做自己的管理接口封装为OpenFeignClient给管理后台调用,但是在这种场景下,只能每个集群部署一个管理后台。这样很不方便。

能不能通过简单地改造还有配置,实现传入zone来指定OpenFeignClient调用哪个zone的实例呢?

分析

首先,Eureka是同一个集群。在Eureka上面有service-provider的所有不同zone的实例信息

Ribbon拉下来的本地缓存,是有定时任务从EurekaClient中拉取的(参考我的另一个系列:https://blog.csdn.net/zhxdick/article/category/7290495和https://blog.csdn.net/zhxdick/article/category/7367278对于Ribbon基本组成和Eureka联系的部分)

拉下来之后,通过NIWSServerListFilter进行过滤,如果我们制定过滤类为com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.DefaultNIWSServerListFilter,那么就是什么也不过滤,直接返回从Eureka上面拉取的,也就是返回所有zone的所有对应实例,这里放上源码:

DynamicServerListLoadBalancer.java

public void updateListOfServers() 
    List<T> servers = new ArrayList<T>();
    if (serverListImpl != null) 
        servers = serverListImpl.getUpdatedListOfServers();
        LOGGER.debug("List of Servers for  obtained from Discovery client: ",
                getIdentifier(), servers);

        if (filter != null) 
            //通过指定NIWSServerListFilter过滤
            servers = filter.getFilteredListOfServers(servers);
            LOGGER.debug("Filtered List of Servers for  obtained from Discovery client: ",
                    getIdentifier(), servers);
        
    
    updateAllServerList(servers);

默认的LoadBalancer是什么呢?

通过查看org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClientConfiguration的源代码:

public ILoadBalancer ribbonLoadBalancer(IClientConfig config, ServerList<Server> serverList, ServerListFilter<Server> serverListFilter, IRule rule, IPing ping, ServerListUpdater serverListUpdater) 
        return (ILoadBalancer)(this.propertiesFactory.isSet(ILoadBalancer.class, this.name) ? (ILoadBalancer)this.propertiesFactory.get(ILoadBalancer.class, config, this.name) : new ZoneAwareLoadBalancer(config, rule, ping, serverList, serverListFilter, serverListUpdater));
    

我们知道,只要没自定义(通过@RibbonClient注解),或者配置(通过ribbon.NFLoadBalancerClassName),默认就是ZoneAwareLoadBalancer。注意这里构造器也和其他的LoadBalancer不一样,其他的都是调用IClientConfigAware接口方法,这里是直接构造器。

ZoneAwareLoadBalancer的选择Server源码:

if (!ENABLED.get() || getLoadBalancerStats().getAvailableZones().size() <= 1) 
    logger.debug("Zone aware logic disabled or there is only one zone");
    return super.chooseServer(key);

Server server = null;
try 
    LoadBalancerStats lbStats = getLoadBalancerStats();
    Map<String, ZoneSnapshot> zoneSnapshot = ZoneAvoidanceRule.createSnapshot(lbStats);
    logger.debug("Zone snapshots: ", zoneSnapshot);
    if (triggeringLoad == null) 
        triggeringLoad = DynamicPropertyFactory.getInstance().getDoubleProperty(
                "ZoneAwareNIWSDiscoveryLoadBalancer." + this.getName() + ".triggeringLoadPerServerThreshold", 0.2d);
    

    if (triggeringBlackoutPercentage == null) 
        triggeringBlackoutPercentage = DynamicPropertyFactory.getInstance().getDoubleProperty(
                "ZoneAwareNIWSDiscoveryLoadBalancer." + this.getName() + ".avoidZoneWithBlackoutPercetage", 0.99999d);
    
    Set<String> availableZones = ZoneAvoidanceRule.getAvailableZones(zoneSnapshot, triggeringLoad.get(), triggeringBlackoutPercentage.get());
    logger.debug("Available zones: ", availableZones);
    if (availableZones != null &&  availableZones.size() < zoneSnapshot.keySet().size()) 
        //核心看这里,我们只要指定了zone,而不是随机,就能通过getLoadBalancer获取到对应zone的loadbalancer从而返回对应zone的实例
        String zone = ZoneAvoidanceRule.randomChooseZone(zoneSnapshot, availableZones);
        logger.debug("Zone chosen: ", zone);
        if (zone != null) 
            BaseLoadBalancer zoneLoadBalancer = getLoadBalancer(zone);
            server = zoneLoadBalancer.chooseServer(key);
        
    
 catch (Exception e) 
    logger.error("Error choosing server using zone aware logic for load balancer=", name, e);

if (server != null) 
    return server;
 else 
    logger.debug("Zone avoidance logic is not invoked.");
    return super.chooseServer(key);

我们来实现我们自己的LoadBalancer,扩展ZoneAwareLoadBalancer即可

实现

package com.netflix.loadbalancer;

import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig;
import lombok.extern.log4j.Log4j2;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

@Log4j2
public class ZoneChosenLoadBalancer<T extends Server> extends ZoneAwareLoadBalancer 
    //通过ThreadLocal指定Zone,所以不能开启Hystrix
    //所以配置:feign.hystrix.enabled=false
    //开启hystrix会导致切换线程执行
    private static ThreadLocal<String> zoneThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public static void setZone(String zone) 
        zoneThreadLocal.set(zone);
    

    /**
     * 必须调用这个方法传入对应的Bean初始化,其他构造器是不完整的
     * @see org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClientConfiguration
     * @param clientConfig
     * @param rule
     * @param ping
     * @param serverList
     * @param filter
     * @param serverListUpdater
     */
    public ZoneChosenLoadBalancer(IClientConfig clientConfig, IRule rule, IPing ping, ServerList serverList, ServerListFilter filter, ServerListUpdater serverListUpdater) 
        super(clientConfig, rule, ping, serverList, filter, serverListUpdater);
    

    @Override
    public Server chooseServer(Object key) 
        try 
            String zone = zoneThreadLocal.get();
            if (StringUtils.isBlank(zone)) 
                log.info("zone is blank, use base loadbalancer");
                return super.chooseServer(key);
            
            BaseLoadBalancer zoneLoadBalancer = getLoadBalancer(zone);
            Server server = zoneLoadBalancer.chooseServer(key);
            if (server != null) 
                return server;
             else 
                log.info("server is null for zone , use base loadbalancer", zone);
                return super.chooseServer(key);
            
         finally 
            //无论如何都要remove
            zoneThreadLocal.remove();
        
    


配置类(注意不能通过文件配置实现类,走IClientConfigAware,上面源代码里说明了原因,ZoneAwareLoadBalancer的构造本来就特殊):

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.MultiZoneLoadBalancerConfiguration;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
//name对应要调用的微服务
@RibbonClient(name = "service-provider", configuration = MultiZoneLoadBalancerConfiguration.class)
public class ServiceScaffoldProviderLoadBalancerConfiguration 

package com.netflix.loadbalancer;

import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MultiZoneLoadBalancerConfiguration 
    @Bean
    public ILoadBalancer ribbonLoadBalancer(IClientConfig config, ServerList<Server> serverList, ServerListFilter<Server> serverListFilter, IRule rule, IPing ping, ServerListUpdater serverListUpdater) 
        return new ZoneChosenLoadBalancer(config, rule, ping, serverList, serverListFilter, serverListUpdater);
    


需要修改的配置:

#关闭feign hystrix
feign.hystrix.enabled=false
#指定对应微服务的list不过滤
service-provider.ribbon.NIWSServerListFilterClassName=com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.DefaultNIWSServerListFilter

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