这也敢爬，你离牢饭不远了，爬虫逆向实战案例

Posted 2022-02-21 程序员笑武

tags:

篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了这也敢爬，你离牢饭不远了，爬虫逆向实战案例相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。

重要的事情放在最前面，请您一定看仔细：

本文以学习和交流爬虫技术，尤其是JS逆向技术为目的。大家重点学习其中的思路和过程，请不要模仿爬取文中举例的网站，如果要爬取，请爬取不要超过3页，否则后果自负。

Crawl It!

爬虫技术万年第一步——分析网页结构和数据加载方式：

结果一打开网页是这样的，看来网站维护人员也过节去了。那就假期回来再继续写吧。。

本文暂停于 2021.2.11 上午 10:25

春节假期一眨眼就过完了，我又回来“搞事情”了！

打开url，显示数据页面。

通过Chrome浏览器的Network选项卡可以得知，翻页是由ajax实现的。

响应数据如下：

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0a6238a74aae81acd9cab9c1c4d8aeed9a0ac8f9a8a32a93217600e5a43c807677caa2954fb1e065
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882721cbc6a6809b92aab8e0e66f6a6f82b35fc254558afadfa857179c245c626672b8a82c99b194
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0b4074d1df1acbb07834ece68090ca8f242fb126e688881004e7751c3f47a18c9b62994e4bbe2aff
fdc007f125234cdddc007b138a4eadaab2bc94f4d645e3adf00d490e4e2283d7dfff39bd3b0c5759
4ca2696c549281887f82776d98e1bab01f031d5767a71053122976a6e59fb2a13f07c98b5e45d530
1bb11d75bb83fb0c8c1090cd5089ff73eb07b6ffc775e5da3194702c2bf8b01f139457158475a8a2
dab9657e4321ebf05f52b64c604e6338fe1801c81db8120c553b641e3b3344d700a91d25412c90fc
981abe075450ed73fd9145d5b9626983272a47d60b087d30a76ede332fdaef790e14583d81dfc89b
8206a120badd4db7b11d73bc2ce882fea80d0ebb86d835c786bf81c63c3855d873535ad17ab183cd
4"

请求返回的一堆乱七八糟的字符就是加密过后的数据。（当然了，你服务器给我加密后的数据，你想要展示到浏览器页面上肯定需要本地解密数据，你肯定不会把这一堆乱码展示出来的。）

那么我们就需要去找对应的 js 解密流程。

通过九牛二虎之力终于找到了解密的地方，这一步是最耗时，最容易秃头的步骤。

找逆向切入点主要方法有：

关键字搜索，打断点调试
利用XHR设置断点；
查看调用栈。

这个网页我是通过打XHR断点 + 搜索关键字decrtpt(解密)的方式找到了这个加密处。

来看看调试出来的数据吧~

"code":200,"data":
"list":["QY_FR_NAME":"缪存旭","QY_REGION":"350200","QY_NAME":"厦门兴海湾工程管理有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"福建省-厦门市","QY_ORG_CODE":"913502112601177740","COLLECT_TIME":1477106448000,"RN":31,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656369","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"260117774",
"QY_FR_NAME":"陈有良","QY_REGION":"330800","QY_NAME":"浙江洲道工程管理有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"浙江省-衢州市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91330802330012039P","COLLECT_TIME":1477106529000,"RN":32,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656261","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"330012039",
"QY_FR_NAME":"徐丙水","QY_REGION":"370100","QY_NAME":"山东省正大建设监理有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"山东省-济南市","QY_ORG_CODE":"913701022671825366","COLLECT_TIME":1477106425000,"RN":33,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656260","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"267182536",
"QY_FR_NAME":"王仲","QY_REGION":"510100","QY_NAME":"凯邦建设管理集团有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"四川省-成都市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91510105725354703M","COLLECT_TIME":1477106469000,"RN":34,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656263","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"725354703",
"QY_FR_NAME":"刘一诺","QY_REGION":"371300","QY_NAME":"临沂宏利建设工程监理咨询有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"山东省-临沂市","QY_ORG_CODE":"913713005543587173","COLLECT_TIME":1477106454000,"RN":35,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656262","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"554358717",
"QY_FR_NAME":"王红娟","QY_REGION":"410100","QY_NAME":"河南中建工程技术有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"河南省-郑州市","QY_ORG_CODE":"914101057919311268","COLLECT_TIME":1477106526000,"RN":36,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656265","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"791931126",
"QY_FR_NAME":"林锦","QY_REGION":"350100","QY_NAME":"福建省建信工程管理集团有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"福建省-福州市","QY_ORG_CODE":"913501001544135960","COLLECT_TIME":1477106407000,"RN":37,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656264","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"154413596",
"QY_FR_NAME":"杨高保","QY_REGION":"421200","QY_NAME":"嘉鱼县嘉泰建设监理有限责任公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"湖北省-咸宁市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91421221737145124M","COLLECT_TIME":1477106486000,"RN":38,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656267","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"737145124",
"QY_FR_NAME":"蒋亚斌","QY_REGION":"410800","QY_NAME":"河南协同工程监理有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"河南省-焦作市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91410800555731456W","COLLECT_TIME":1477106405000,"RN":39,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656266","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"555731456",
"QY_FR_NAME":"黄向军","QY_REGION":"450100","QY_NAME":"广西南宁建科工程监理有限责任公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"广西壮族自治区-南宁市","QY_ORG_CODE":"914501031983159639","COLLECT_TIME":1477106406000,"RN":40,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656269","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"198315963",
"QY_FR_NAME":"廖渊","QY_REGION":"510100","QY_NAME":"成都海龙工程项目管理有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"四川省-成都市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91510100201986152W","COLLECT_TIME":1477106437000,"RN":41,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656268","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"201986152",
"QY_FR_NAME":"邹赟","QY_REGION":"360500","QY_NAME":"新余市永固工程监理有限责任公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"江西省-新余市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91360500723935352F","COLLECT_TIME":1477109337000,"RN":42,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656561","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"723935352",
"QY_FR_NAME":"王文权","QY_REGION":"371300","QY_NAME":"山东政航工程咨询有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"山东省-临沂市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91371302092199458A","COLLECT_TIME":1477106426000,"RN":43,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656560","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"092199458",
"QY_FR_NAME":"张洪建","QY_REGION":"530100","QY_NAME":"云南金吉安建设咨询监理有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"云南省-昆明市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91530000719414685K","COLLECT_TIME":1479833531000,"RN":44,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656567","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"719414685",
"QY_FR_NAME":"张志明","QY_REGION":"610700","QY_NAME":"汉中志诚建设工程监理有限责任公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"陕西省-汉中市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91610725667992132H","COLLECT_TIME":1477106417000,"RN":45,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865656568","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"667992132"],
"pageNum":2,"pageSize":15,"total":450,"message":"","success":true

从上面的图片，我们可以知道解密流程是由一个h函数实现的，h 函数把传进来的参数t（就是那一大串加密的字符），通过AES解密后返回了一个json格式的字符串，这就是我们想要的数据了。

下面我们开始用 python 去模拟这一流程：

OK，我们可以通过 requests 获得加密后的数据了，下面的步骤就是将字符解密。

这是逆向过程中第二费时的步骤，抠网页中的 js 代码然后用pyexecjs模块去执行获得解密数据; 或者将网页中的 js 代码用
python 进行重写(就是把 js 代码逻辑改成 python 的)。

据我所学知识看来，这是个AES加密，模式是CBC，填充模式是Pkcs7，只要再知道偏移量iv和密钥key是多少，这个解密流程就能被完全突破了，按照函数的位置参数来看，f对应的就是秘钥key。

得来全不费工夫~~~就在上面挨着，拿到密钥和vi之后，就可以使用Python中的Crypto模块进行AES解密。详细代码如下：

import requests
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex


# 向url发起请求，参数page_num为请求的页码数
def request(page_num):
  headers = 
    'Connection': 'keep-alive',
    'Pragma': 'no-cache',
    'Cache-Control': 'no-cache',
    'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*',
    'timeout': '30000',
    'accessToken': '',
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.104 Safari/537.36',
    'Referer': 'http://jzsc.mohurd.gov.cn/data/company',
    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
  

  params = (
    ('pg', page_num),
    ('pgsz', '15'),
    ('total', '450'),
  )
  response = requests.get('http://jzsc.mohurd.xxx.cn/api/webApi/dataservice/query/comp/list', headers=headers, params=params, verify=False)
  return response.text


# 对请求回来的响应数据进行解密，参数text为响应数据
def decrypt(text):
  key = 'jo8j9wGw%6HbxfFn'.encode('utf-8')  //密钥
  iv = '0123456789ABCDEF'.encode('utf-8')  //加密偏移量
  mode = AES.MODE_CBC      //加密模式
  cryptos = AES.new(key, mode, iv)
  plain_text = cryptos.decrypt(a2b_hex(text))
  return bytes.decode(plain_text).rstrip('\\0')

# 获取数据，我们观察下打印的数据是否为解密的数据就可以了
def get_data():
  for i in range(3):
    print(decrypt(request(str(i))))

if __name__ == '__main__':
  get_data()

执行代码后，我们得到网页上的数据了：

"code":200,"data":"list":["QY_FR_NAME":"廖露云","QY_REGION":"360500","QY_NAME":"江西天工水陆工程设计有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"江西省-新余市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91360500079012847X","COLLECT_TIME":1477106416000,"RN":1,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865626860","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"079012847","QY_FR_NAME":"单俊","QY_REGION":"360500","QY_NAME":"江西中余建筑设计研究院有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"江西省-新余市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91360500159864134W","COLLECT_TIME":1477106400000,"RN":2,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865626863","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"159864134","QY_FR_NAME":"林茂清","QY_REGION":"420100","QY_NAME":"武汉茂业建设工程有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"湖北省-武汉市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91420106074476087K","COLLECT_TIME":1477106413000,"RN":3,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865626862","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"074476087","QY_FR_NAME":"涂明","QY_REGION":"360100","QY_NAME":"南昌市水利规划设计院","QY_REGION_NAME":"江西省-南昌市","QY_ORG_CODE":"91360100MA35J54Y86","COLLECT_TIME":1477106440000,"RN":4,"QY_ID":"616160676166636361616466606865626865","QY_SRC_TYPE":"0","OLD_CODE":"491102609","QY_FR_NAME":"郭霖江","QY_REGION":"410100","QY_NAME":"博维筑成设计有限公司","QY_REGION_NAME":"河南省-郑州市","QY_ORG_CODE":"914101025651418126","COLLECT_TIME":1477106411000在座的Python爬虫工程师，你敢爬律师事务所站点吗？
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