angularjs中的路由介绍详解 ui-route(转)

Posted 北斗极星

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篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了angularjs中的路由介绍详解 ui-route(转)相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。

http://www.cnblogs.com/littlemonk/p/5500801.html
这篇文章主要介绍了Angularjs中UI Router全攻略，涉及到angularjs ui router的基本用法，需要的朋友参考下吧

首先给大家介绍angular-ui-router的基本用法。

如何引用依赖angular-ui-router

angular.module(\'app\',["ui.router"])
.config(function($stateProvider){
$stateProvider.state(stateName, stateCofig);
})

$stateProvider.state(stateName, stateConfig)

stateName是string类型
stateConfig是object类型
//statConfig可以为空对象
$stateProvider.state("home",{});
//state可以有子父级
$stateProvider.state("home",{});
$stateProvider.state("home.child",{})
//state可以是链式的
$stateProvider.state("home",{}).state("about",{}).state("photos",{});

stateConfig包含的字段：template, templateUrl, templateProvider, controller, controllerProvider, resolve, url, params, views, abstract, onEnter, onExit, reloadOnSearch, data

 

$urlRouteProvider

$urlRouteProvider.when(whenPath, toPath)
$urlRouterProvider.otherwise(path)
$urlRouteProvider.rule(handler)

$state.go

$state.go(to, [,toParams],[,options])
形参to是string类型，必须，使用"^"或"."表示相对路径；
形参toParams可空，类型是对象；
形参options可空，类型是对象，字段包括：location为bool类型默认true,inherit为bool类型默认true, relative为对象默认$state.$current,notify为bool类型默认为true, reload为bool类型默认为false

$state.go(\'photos.detail\')
$state.go(\'^\')到上一级,比如从photo.detail到photo
$state.go(\'^.list\')到相邻state,比如从photo.detail到photo.list
$state.go(\'^.detail.comment\')到孙子级state，比如从photo.detail到photo.detial.comment

 

ui-sref

ui-sref=\'stateName\'
ui-sref=\'stateName({param:value, param:value})\'

ui-view

 ==没有名称的ui-view

<div ui-view></div>
$stateProvider.state("home",{
template: "<h1>hi</h1>"
})

　或者这样配置：　

$stateProvider.state("home"{
views: {
"": {
template: "<h1>hi</h1>"
}
}
})

==有名称的ui-view

<div ui-view="main"></div>
$stateProvider.state("home",{
views: {
"main" : {
template: "<h1>hi</h1>"
}
}
})

==多个ui-view

<div ui-view></div>
<div ui-view="data"></div>
$stateProvider.state("home",{
views: {
"":{template: "<h1>hi</h1>"},
"data": {template: "<div>data</div>"}
}
})

项目文件结构

node_modules/
partials/
.....about.html
.....home.html
.....photos.html
app.js
index.html

创建state和view

app.js

var photoGallery = angular.module(\'photoGallery\',["ui.router"]);
photoGallery.config(function($stateProvider, $urlRouterProvider){
$urlRouterProvider.otherwise(\'/home\');
$stateProvider
.state(\'home\',{
url: \'/home\',
templateUrl: \'partials/home.html\'
})
.state(\'photos\',{
url: \'/photos\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos.html\'
})
.state(\'about\',{
url: \'/about\',
templateUrl: \'partials/about.html\'
})
})

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" ng-app="photoGallery">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css"/>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
<div ui-view></div>
<script src="node_modules/jquery/dist/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/angular/angular.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/angular-ui-router/release/angular-ui-router.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/angular-animate/angular-animate.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script src="node_modules/angular-bootstrap/ui-bootstrap-tpls.js"></script>
<script src="app.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

　　

state之间的跳转

index.html

<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button class="navbar-toggle collapsed" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a ui-sref="home" class="navbar-brand">Home</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li>
<a ui-sref="photos">Photos</a>
</li>
<li>
<a ui-sref="about">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div ui-view></div>

　以上通过ui-sref属性完成state之间的跳转。　

多个view以及state嵌套

有时候，一个页面上可能有多个ui-view，比如：

<div ui-view="header"></div>
<div ui-view="body"></div>

假设，以上页面属于一个名称为parent的state中。

我们知道在ui-router中，一个state大致是这样设置的：

<div ui-view="header"></div>
<div ui-view="body"></div>

所有state下views下的所有键值对(类似 "body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/photos.html\'})都被放到一个键值集合中。而ui-view的工作原理就是根据自己的属性值，到这个键值集合中去找匹配 的键，找到就把对应的页面显示出来。

点击header对应的页面链接，可能会跳转到另外的子页面出现在<div ui-view="body"></div>这个位置。这时候页面出现了子父关系，而每个页面都属于某个state,这样state间 就出现了子父关系。这些跳转的子页面，在路由设置中，可能被称为parent.son1, parent.son2...这就是state的嵌套。

在现有的文件结构上增加content.html, header.html,文件结构变为：

node_modules/
partials/
.....about.html
.....home.html
.....photos.html
.....content.html
.....header.html
app.js
index.html

content.html 包含了多各ui-view, 一个ui-view和页头相关，保持不变；令一个ui-view和会根据页头上的点击呈现不同的内容

<div ui-view="header"></div>
<div ui-view="body"></div>

header.html 把原先indext.html中nav部分放到这里来

<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button class="navbar-toggle collapsed" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a ui-sref="content.home" class="navbar-brand">Home</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li>
<a ui-sref="content.photos">Photos</a>
</li>
<li>
<a ui-sref="content.about">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>

index.html 这时变成了这样

<div ui-view></div>

app.js 路由现在这样设置

var photoGallery = angular.module(\'photoGallery\',["ui.router"]);
photoGallery.config(function($stateProvider, $urlRouterProvider){
$urlRouterProvider.otherwise(\'home\');
$stateProvider
.state(\'content\',{
url: \'/\',
views:{
"":{templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\'},
"header@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\'},
}
})
.state(\'content.home\',{
url: \'home\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/home.html\'}
}
})
.state(\'content.photos\',{
url: \'photos\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/photos.html\'}
}
})
.state(\'content.about\',{
url:\'about\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/about.html\'}
}
})
})

这时候，页面是这样呈现出来的：

→ 来到home这个路由

.state(\'content.home\',{
url: \'home\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/home.html\'}
}
})

以上，告诉我们partials/home.html将会被加载到与"body@content"匹配的ui-view中。暂时对应的ui-view还没有出现，于是等待。

→ 路由看到index.html上的<div ui-view></div>

.state(\'content\',{
url: \'/\',
views:{
"":{templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\'},
"header@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\'},
}
})

于是，就找到了content这个state下views下的 "":{templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\'}这个键值对，把partials/content.html显示出来。

→ 分别加载partials/content.html页面上的各个部分

看到<div ui-view="header"></div>，就加载如下：

"header@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\'},

看到<div ui-view="body"></div>，先加载 "body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/home.html\'}

→ 点击header上的链接

点击<a ui-sref="content.photos">Photos</a>，来到：

.state(\'content.photos\',{
url: \'photos\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/photos.html\'}
}
})

把partials/photos.html显示到<div ui-view="body"></div>中去。

点击<div ui-view="body"></div>，来到：

.state(\'content.about\',{
url:\'about\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/about.html\'}
}
})

把partials/about.html显示到<div ui-view="body"></div>中去。

state多级嵌套

以上，在路由设置中，state名称有content, content.photos有了这样的一层嵌套。接下来，要实现state的多级嵌套。

在photos.html页面准备加载一个子页面，叫做photos-list.html；
与photo-list.html页面相邻的还有一个页面，叫做photo-detail.html；
在photo-detail.html页面上加载一个子页面，叫做photos-detail-comment.html;

这样，页面有了嵌套关系，state也相应的会有嵌套关系。

现在，文件结构变成：

node_modules/
partials/
.....about.html
.....home.html
.....photos.html
.....content.html
.....header.html
.....photos-list.html
.....photo-detail.html
.....photos-detail-comment.html
app.js
index.html

photos.html 加一个容纳子页面的ui-view

photos

<div ui-view></div>

如何到达这个子页面呢？修改header中的相关部分如下：

<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button class="navbar-toggle collapsed" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a ui-sref="content.home" class="navbar-brand">Home</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li>
<a ui-sref="content.photos.list">Photos</a>
</li>
<li>
<a ui-sref="content.about">About</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>

以上，通过<a ui-sref="content.photos.list">Photos</a>来到photos.html的子页面photos-list.html.

photos-list.html 通过2种途径到相邻页photo-detail.html

<h1>photos-list</h1>
<ul>
<li><a ui-sref="^.detail">我通过相对路径到相邻的state</a></li>
<li><a ui-sref="content.photos.detail">我通过绝对路径到相邻的state</a></li>
</ul>

photo-detail.html 又提供了来到其子页面photos-detail-comment.html的ui-view

<h1>photo-details</h1>
<a class="btn btn-default" ui-sref=".comment">通过相对路径去子state</a>
<div ui-view></div>

photos-detail-comment.html 则很简单：

<h1>photos-detail-comment</h1>

app.js state多级嵌套的设置为

var photoGallery = angular.module(\'photoGallery\',["ui.router"]);
photoGallery.config(function($stateProvider, $urlRouterProvider){
$urlRouterProvider.otherwise(\'home\');
$stateProvider
.state(\'content\',{
url: \'/\',
views:{
"":{templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\'},
"header@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\'},
}
})
.state(\'content.home\',{
url: \'home\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/home.html\'}
}
})
.state(\'content.photos\',{
url: \'photos\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/photos.html\'}
}
})
.state(\'content.photos.list\',{
url: \'/list\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-list.html\'
})
.state(\'content.photos.detail\',{
url: \'/detail\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-detail.html\'
})
.state(\'content.photos.detail.comment\',{
url: \'/comment\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-detail-comment.html\'
})
.state(\'content.about\',{
url:\'about\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/about.html\'}
}
})
})

 抽象state

如果一个state,没有通过链接找到它，那就可以把这个state设置为abstract:true,我们把以上的content和content.photos这2个state设置为抽象。

.state(\'content\',{
url: \'/\',
abstract: true,
views:{
"":{templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\'},
"header@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\'},
}
})
...
.state(\'content.photos\',{
url: \'photos\',
abstract: true,
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/photos.html\'}
}
})

那么，当一个state设置为抽象，如果通过ui-sref或路由导航到该state会出现什么结果呢？

--会导航到默认路由上

$urlRouterProvider.otherwise(\'home\');

即

.state(\'content.home\',{
url: \'home\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/home.html\'}
}
})

 最终把partials/home.html显示出来。

使用控制器

在实际项目中，数据大多从controller中来。

首先在路由中设置state所用到的控制器以及控制器别名。

var photoGallery = angular.module(\'photoGallery\',["ui.router"]);
photoGallery.config(function($stateProvider, $urlRouterProvider){
$urlRouterProvider.otherwise(\'home\');
$stateProvider
.state(\'content\',{
url: \'/\',
abstract: true,
views:{
"":{templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\'},
"header@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\'},
}
})
.state(\'content.home\',{
url: \'home\',
views:{
"body@content":{
templateUrl: \'partials/home.html\',
controller: \'HomeController\',
controllerAs: \'ctrHome\'
}
}
})
.state(\'content.photos\',{
url: \'photos\',
abstract: true,
views:{
"body@content":{
templateUrl: \'partials/photos.html\',
controller: \'PhotoController\',
controllerAs: \'ctrPhoto\'
}
}
})
.state(\'content.photos.list\',{
url: \'/list\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-list.html\',
controller: "PhotoListController",
controllerAs: \'ctrPhotoList\'
})
.state(\'content.photos.detail\',{
url: \'/detail\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-detail.html\',
controller: \'PhotoDetailController\',
controllerAs: \'ctrPhotoDetail\'
})
.state(\'content.photos.detail.comment\',{
url: \'/comment\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-detail-comment.html\'
})
.state(\'content.about\',{
url:\'about\',
views:{
"body@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/about.html\'}
}
})
})

添加controller.js,该文件用来定义所用到的controller.现在的文件结构为：

asserts/
.....css/
.....images/
..........image1.jpg
..........image2.jpg
..........image3.jpg
..........image4.jpg
node_modules/
partials/
.....about.html
.....home.html
.....photos.html
.....content.html
.....header.html
.....photos-list.html
.....photo-detail.html
.....photos-detail-comment.html
app.js

index.html

controllers.js

photoGallery.controller(\'HomeController\',[\'$scope\', \'$state\', function($scope, $state){
this.message = \'Welcome to the Photo Gallery\';
}]);
//别名：ctrPhoto
photoGallery.controller(\'PhotoController\',[\'$scope\',\'$state\', function($scope, $state){
this.photos = [
{ id: 0, title: \'Photo 1\', description: \'description for photo 1\', imageName: \'image1.jpg\', comments:[
{name: \'user1\', comment: \'Nice\'},
{ name:\'User2\', comment:\'Very good\'}
]},
{ id: 1, title: \'Photo 2\', description: \'description for photo 2\', imageName: \'image2.jpg\', comments:[
{ name: \'user2\', comment: \'Nice\'},
{ name:\'User1\', comment:\'Very good\'}
]},
{ id: 2, title: \'Photo 3\', description: \'description for photo 3\', imageName: \'image3.jpg\', comments:[
{name: \'user1\', comment: \'Nice\'}
]},
{ id: 3, title: \'Photo 4\', description: \'description for photo 4\', imageName: \'image4.jpg\', comments:[
{name: \'user1\', comment: \'Nice\'},
{ name:\'User2\', comment:\'Very good\'},
{ name:\'User3\', comment:\'So so\'}
]}
];
//给子state下controller中的photos赋值
this.pullData = function(){
$scope.$$childTail.ctrPhotoList.photos = this.photos;
}
}]);
//别名：ctrPhotoList
photoGallery.controller(\'PhotoListController\',[\'$scope\',\'$state\', function($scope, $state){
this.reading = false;
this.photos = new Array();
this.init = function(){
this.reading = true;
setTimeout(function(){
$scope.$apply(function(){
$scope.ctrPhotoList.getData();
});
}, 1500);
}
this.getData = function(){
//调用父state中controller中的方法
$scope.$parent.ctrPhoto.pullData();
/*this.photos = $scope.$parent.ctrPhoto.photos;*/
this.reading = false;
}
}]);
//别名：ctrPhotoDetail
photoGallery.controller(\'PhotoDetailController\',[\'$scope\', \'$state\', function($scope,$state){
}]);

以上，通过$scope.$$childTail.ctrPhotoList在父state中的controller中拿到子state中的 controller；通过$scope.$parent.ctrPhoto在子state中的controller中拿到父state中的 controller。

photos-list.html

<h1>photos-list</h1>
<div ng-init="ctrPhotoList.init()">
<div style="margin:auto; width: 40px;" ng-if="ctrPhotoList.reading">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-5x fa-pulse"></i>
</div>
<div class="well well-sm" ng-repeat="photo in ctrPhotoList.photos">
<div class="media">
<div class="media-left" style="width:15%;">
<a ui-sref="content.photos.detail">
<img class="img-responsive img-rounded" src="../asserts/images/{{photo.imageName}}" alt="">
</a>
</div>
<div class="media-body">
<h4 class="media-heading">{{photo.title}}</h4>
{{photo.description}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

state间如何传路由参数

在content.photos.detail这个state设置接收一个路由参数。

.state(\'content.photos.detail\',{
url: \'/detail/:id\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-detail.html\',
controller: \'PhotoDetailController\',
controllerAs: \'ctrPhotoDetail\'
})

photos-list.html 送出一个路由参数

<h1>photos-list</h1>
<div ng-init="ctrPhotoList.init()">
<div style="margin:auto; width: 40px;" ng-if="ctrPhotoList.reading">
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-5x fa-pulse"></i>
</div>
<div class="well well-sm" ng-repeat="photo in ctrPhotoList.photos">
<div class="media">
<div class="media-left" style="width:15%;">
<a ui-sref="content.photos.detail({id:photo.id})">
<img class="img-responsive img-rounded" src="../asserts/images/{{photo.imageName}}" alt="">
</a>
</div>
<div class="media-body">
<h4 class="media-heading">{{photo.title}}</h4>
{{photo.description}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

以上，通过<a ui-sref="content.photos.detail({id:photo.id})">把路由参数送出。

controller.js PhotoDetailController控制器通过$stateParams获取路由参数

...
//别名：ctrPhotoDetail
photosGallery.controller(\'PhotoDetailController\', [\'$scope\', \'$state\', \'$stateParams\',
function($scope, $state, $stateParams){
var id = null;
this.photo = null;
this.init = function(){
id = parseInt($stateParams.id);
this.photo = $scope.ctrPhoto.photos[id];
}
}
]);

photos-detail.html 从以上的PhotoDetailController中获取数据。

<h1>photo-details</h1>
<a class="btn btn-default" ui-sref=".comment">通过相对路径去子state</a>
<a ui-sref="content.photos.list" style="margin-left: 15px;">
<i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left fa-2x"></i>
</a>
<div ng-init="ctrPhotoDetail.init()">
<img class="img-responsive img-rounded" ng-src="../assets/images/{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.imageName}}"
style="margin:auto; width: 60%;">
<div class="well well-sm" style="margin:auto; width: 60%; margin-top: 15px;">
<h4>{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.title}}</h4>
<p>{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.description}}</p>
</div>
<div style="margin:auto; width: 80%; margin-bottom: 15px;">
<button style="margin-top: 10px; width:100%;"
class="btn btn-default" ui-sref=".comment">Comments</button>
</div>
</div>
<div ui-view></div>

state间如何传字符串参数

在路由中这样设置：

.state(\'content.photos.detail.comment\',{
url:\'/comment?skip&limit\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-detail-comment.html\',
controller: \'PhotoCommentController\',
controllerAs: \'ctrPhotoComment\'
})

controllers.js 中修改如下

photoGallery.controller(\'HomeController\',[\'$scope\', \'$state\', function($scope, $state){
this.message = \'Welcome to the Photo Gallery\';
}]);
//别名：ctrPhoto
photoGallery.controller(\'PhotoController\',[\'$scope\',\'$state\', function($scope, $state){
this.photos = [
{ id: 0, title: \'Photo 1\', description: \'description for photo 1\', imageName: \'image1.JPG\', comments:[
{ name:\'User1\', comment: \'Nice\', imageName: \'man.png\'},
{ name:\'User2\', comment:\'Very good\', imageName: \'man.png\'},
{ name:\'User3\', comment:\'Nice\', imageName: \'woman.png\'},
{ name:\'User4\', comment:\'Very good\', imageName: \'woman.png\'},
{ name:\'User5\', comment:\'Very good\', imageName: \'man.png\'},
{ name:\'User6\', comment:\'Nice\', imageName: \'woman.png\'},
{ name:\'User7\', comment:\'So so\', imageName: \'man.png\'}
]},
{ id: 1, title: \'Photo 2\', description: \'description for photo 2\', imageName: \'image2.JPG\', comments:[
{ name:\'User1\', comment: \'Nice\', imageName: \'man.png\'},
{ name:\'User2\', comment:\'Very good\', imageName: \'man.png\'},
{ name:\'User3\', comment:\'Nice\', imageName: \'woman.png\'},
{ name:\'User4\', comment:\'Very good\', imageName: \'woman.png\'}
]},
{ id: 2, title: \'Photo 3\', description: \'description for photo 3\', imageName: \'image3.JPG\', comments:[
{ name:\'User1\', comment: \'Nice\', imageName: \'man.png\'},
{ name:\'User2\', comment:\'Very good\', imageName: \'man.png\'},
{ name:\'User3\', comment:\'Nice\', imageName: \'woman.png\'},
{ name:\'User4\', comment:\'Very good\', imageName: \'woman.png\'},
{ name:\'User5\', comment:\'Very good\', imageName: \'man.png\'},
{ name:\'User6\', comment:\'Nice\', imageName: \'woman.png\'},
{ name:\'User7\', comment:\'So so\', imageName: \'man.png\'}
]},
{ id: 3, title: \'Photo 4\', description: \'description for photo 4\', imageName: \'image4.JPG\', comments:[
{ name:\'User6\', comment:\'Nice\', imageName: \'woman.png\'},
{ name:\'User7\', comment:\'So so\', imageName: \'man.png\'}
]}
];
//给子state下controller中的photos赋值
this.pullData = function(){
$scope.$$childTail.ctrPhotoList.photos = this.photos;
}
}]);
//别名：ctrPhotoList
photoGallery.controller(\'PhotoListController\',[\'$scope\',\'$state\', function($scope, $state){
this.reading = false;
this.photos = new Array();
this.init = function(){
this.reading = true;
setTimeout(function(){
$scope.$apply(function(){
$scope.ctrPhotoList.getData();
});
}, 1500);
}
this.getData = function(){
//调用父state中controller中的方法
$scope.$parent.ctrPhoto.pullData();
/*this.photos = $scope.$parent.ctrPhoto.photos;*/
this.reading = false;
}
}]);
//别名：ctrPhotoDetail
photoGallery.controller(\'PhotoDetailController\', [\'$scope\', \'$state\', \'$stateParams\',
function($scope, $state, $stateParams){
var id = null;
this.photo = null;
this.init = function(){
id = parseInt($stateParams.id);
this.photo = $scope.ctrPhoto.photos[id];
}
}
]);
photoGallery.controller(\'PhotoCommentController\', [\'$scope\', \'$state\', \'$stateParams\',
function($scope, $state, $stateParams){
var id, skip, limit = null;
this.comments = new Array();
this.init = function(){
id = parseInt($stateParams.id);
var photo = $scope.ctrPhoto.photos[id];
if($stateParams.skip){
skip = parseInt($stateParams.skip);
}else{
skip = 0;
}
if($stateParams.limit){
limit = parseInt($stateParams.limit);
}else{
limit = photo.comments.length;
}
this.comments = photo.comments.slice(skip, limit);
}
}
]);

也就是，$stateParams不仅可以接收路由参数，还可以接收查询字符串参数。

photo-detail.html 需要把查询字符串参数传递出去

<h1>photo-details</h1>
<a class="btn btn-default" ui-sref=".comment">通过相对路径去子state</a>
<a ui-sref="content.photos.list" style="margin-left: 15px;">
<i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left fa-2x"></i>
</a>
<div ng-init="ctrPhotoDetail.init()">
<img class="img-responsive img-rounded" ng-src="../assets/images/{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.imageName}}"
style="margin:auto; width: 60%;">
<div class="well well-sm" style="margin:auto; width: 60%; margin-top: 15px;">
<h4>{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.title}}</h4>
<p>{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.description}}</p>
</div>
<div style="margin:auto; width: 80%; margin-bottom: 15px;">
<button style="margin-top: 10px; width:100%;"
class="btn btn-default" ui-sref=".comment({skip:0, limit:2})">Comments</button>
</div>
</div>
<div ui-view></div>

以上，通过ui-sref=".comment({skip:0, limit:2})把查询字符串传递出去。

photos-detail-comment.html

<h1>photos-detail-comment</h1>
<div ng-init="ctrPhotoComment.init()" style="margin-top:15px;">
<div ng-repeat="comment in ctrPhotoComment.comments" class="well well-sm" style="margin: auto; width: 60%;">
<div class="media">
<div class="media-left media-middle">
<a href="">
<img class="img-circle" style="width:60px;" src="../assets/images/{{comment.imageName}}" alt="">
</a>
</div>
<div class="media-body">
<h4 class="media-heading">{{comment.name}}</h4>
{{comment.comment}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

state间如何传递对象

通过data属性，把一个对象赋值给它。

.state(\'content\',{
url: \'/\',
abstract: true,
data:{
user: "user",
password: "1234"
},
views:{
"":{templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\'},
"header@content":{templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\'},
}
})

给header.html加上一个对应的控制器，并提供注销方法。

$stateProvider
.state(\'content\',{
url: \'/\',
abstract: true,
data:{
user: "user",
password: "1234"
},
views:{
"":{templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\'},
"header@content":{
templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\',
controller: function($scope, $rootScope, $state){
$scope.logoff = function(){
$rootScope.user = null;
}
}
}
}
})

添加一个有关登录页的state

.state(\'content.login\',{
url:\'login\',
data:{
loginError: \'User or password incorrect.\'
},
views:{
"body@content" :{
templateUrl: \'partials/login.html\',
controller: function($scope, $rootScope, $state){
$scope.login = function(user, password, valid){
if(!valid){
return;
}
if($state.current.data.user === user && $state.current.data.password === password){
$rootScope.user = {
name: $state.current.data.user
}
// Or Inherited
/*$rootScope.user = {
name: $state.$current.parent.data.user
};*/
$state.go(\'content.home\'); 
}else{
$scope.message = $state.current.data.loginError;
}
}
}
}
}
})

添加login.html文件，现在的文件结构为：

asserts/
.....css/
.....images/
..........image1.jpg
..........image2.jpg
..........image3.jpg
..........image4.jpg
node_modules/
partials/
.....about.html
.....home.html
.....photos.html
.....content.html
.....header.html
.....photos-list.html
.....photo-detail.html
.....photos-detail-comment.html
.....login.html

app.js

index.html

login.html

<form name="form" ng-submit="login(user, password, form.$valid)">
<div class="panel panel-primary" style="width:360px; margin: auto;">
<div class="panel-heading">
<h3 class="panel-title">Indentification</h3>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<input name="user" type="text" class="form-control" ng-model="user" placeholder="User ..." required>
<span ng-show="form.user.$error.required && form.user.$dirty" class="label label-danger">Enter the user</span>
<hr>
<input name="password" type="password" class="form-control" ng-model="password" placeholder="Password ..." required>
<span ng-show="form.password.$error.required && form.password.$dirty" class="label label-danger">Enter the password</span> 
</div>
<div class="panel-footer">
<button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Login</button>
<button class="btn btn-default" type="reset">Reset</button>
<span class="label label-danger">{{message}}</span> 
</div> 
</div>
</form>

header.html 修改如下

<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button class="navbar-toggle collapsed" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> 
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" ui-sref="content.home">Home</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li>
<a ui-sref="content.photos.list">Photos</a> 
</li>
<li>
<a ui-sref="content.about">About</a> 
</li> 
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> 
<li ng-if="user.name" class="dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" role="button" aria-expanded="false" href="#" data-toggle="dropdown">{{user.name}} <span class="caret"></span></a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li><a ui-sref="content.home" ng-click="logoff()">Sing out</a></li> 
</ul> 
</li> 
<li ng-if="!user.name">
<a ui-sref="content.login">Sing In</a>
</li> 
</ul> 
</div>
</div>
</nav>

onEnter和onExit事件

.state(\'content.photos.detail\',{
url: \'/detail/:id\',
templateUrl: \'partials/photos-detail.html\',
controller: \'PhotoDetailController\',
controllerAs: \'ctrPhotoDetail\',
resolve:{
viewing: function($stateParams){
return{
photoId: $stateParams.id
}
}
},
onEnter: function(viewing){
var photo = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(viewing.photoId));
if(!photo){
photo = {
views: 1,
viewing: 1
}
}else{
photo.views = photo.views + 1;
photo.viewing = photo.viewing + 1;
}
sessionStorage.setItem(viewing.photoId, JSON.stringify(photo));
},
onExit: function(viewing){
var photo = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(viewing.photoId));
photo.viewing = photo.viewing - 1;
sessionStorage.setItem(viewing.photoId, JSON.stringify(photo));
}
})

在PhotoDetailController中：

photoGallery.controller(\'PhotoDetailController\', [\'$scope\', \'$state\', \'$stateParams\',
function($scope, $state, $stateParams){
var id = null;
this.photo = null;
this.viewObj = null;
this.init = function(){
id = parseInt($stateParams.id);
this.photo = $scope.ctrPhoto.photos[id];
this.viewObj = JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem($stateParams.id));
}
}
]);

photos-detail.html

<h1>photo-details</h1>
<a class="btn btn-default" ui-sref=".comment">通过相对路径去子state</a>
<a ui-sref="content.photos.list" style="margin-left: 15px;">
<i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left fa-2x"></i>
</a>
<div ng-init="ctrPhotoDetail.init()">
<img class="img-responsive img-rounded" ng-src="../assets/images/{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.imageName}}"
style="margin:auto; width: 60%;">
<div class="well well-sm" style="margin:auto; width: 60%; margin-top: 15px;">
<div class="well well-sm pull-right" style="width: 100px;">
<i>Views <span class="badge">{{ctrPhotoDetail.viewObj.views}}</span></i>
</div>
<div class="well well-sm pull-right" style="width: 110px;">
<i>Viewing <span class="badge">{{ctrPhotoDetail.viewObj.viewing}}</span></i>
</div>
<h4>{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.title}}</h4>
<p>{{ctrPhotoDetail.photo.description}}</p>
</div>
<div style="margin:auto; width: 80%; margin-bottom: 15px;">
<button style="margin-top: 10px; width:100%;"
class="btn btn-default" ui-sref=".comment({skip:0, limit:2})">Comments</button>
</div>
</div>
<div ui-view></div>

StateChangeStart事件

controller.js 增加如下

photoGallery.controller(\'RootController\', [\'$scope\', \'$state\', \'$rootScope\',
function($scope, $state, $rootScope){
$rootScope.$on(\'$stateChangeStart\',
function(event, toState, toParams, fromState, fromParams){
if(toState.data.required && !$rootScope.user){
event.preventDefault();
$state.go(\'content.login\');
}
});
}
]);

修改content这个state:

.state(\'content\',{
url:\'/\',
abstract: true,
data:{
user: "user",
password: "1234"
},
views:{
"":{
templateUrl: \'partials/content.html\',
controller: \'RootController\'
},
"header@content":{
templateUrl: \'partials/header.html\',
controller: function($scope, $rootScope, $state){
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