Java实现二维码的生成与解析

Posted 2022-02-01 小郑要做干饭人

一.在pom文件中加入Google提供的依赖:

<!--google生成二维码-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>core</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

二.使用Google提供的帮助类:

package com.zzx.qrcode;

import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;

/**
 * @date: 2021/11/29/ 18:26
 * @author: ZhengZiXuan
 * @title: Google生成二维码
 * @description: 谷歌提供的帮助类
 */

public class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource 

    private final BufferedImage image;
    private final int left;
    private final int top;

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) 
        this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
    

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height) 
        super(width, height);

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) 
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");
        

        for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) 
            for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) 
                if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) 
                    image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white
                
            
        

        this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
        this.left = left;
        this.top = top;
    

    public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) 
        if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) 
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y);
        
        int width = getWidth();
        if (row == null || row.length < width) 
            row = new byte[width];
        
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);
        return row;
    

    public byte[] getMatrix() 
        int width = getWidth();
        int height = getHeight();
        int area = width * height;
        byte[] matrix = new byte[area];
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);
        return matrix;
    

    public boolean isCropSupported() 
        return true;
    

    public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) 
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left, this.top + top, width, height);
    

    public boolean isRotateSupported() 
        return true;
    

    public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() 
        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth);
        BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight, sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();
        g.drawImage(image, transform, null);
        g.dispose();
        int width = getWidth();
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width);
    

三.创建二维码的工具类:

package com.zzx.qrcode;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;

/**
 * @date: 2021/11/29/ 18:28
 * @author: ZhengZiXuan
 * @title: 二维码工具类
 * @description:
 */
public class QRCodeUtil 
    private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";
    private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";
    // 二维码尺寸
    private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;
    // LOGO宽度
    private static final int WIDTH = 60;
    // LOGO高度
    private static final int HEIGHT = 60;

    private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception 
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE,
                hints);
        int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();
        int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) 
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) 
                image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
            
        
        if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) 
            return image;
        
        // 插入图片
        QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);
        return image;
    

    private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception 
        File file = new File(imgPath);
        if (!file.exists()) 
            System.err.println("" + imgPath + "   该文件不存在！");
            return;
        
        Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));
        int width = src.getWidth(null);
        int height = src.getHeight(null);
        // 压缩LOGO
        if (needCompress) 
            if (width > WIDTH) 
                width = WIDTH;
            
            if (height > HEIGHT) 
                height = HEIGHT;
            
            Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
            BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
            // 绘制缩小后的图
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
            g.dispose();
            src = image;
        
        // 插入LOGO
        Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();
        int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;
        int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;
        graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);
        Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);
        graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));
        graph.draw(shape);
        graph.dispose();
    

    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception 
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
        mkdirs(destPath);
        // String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999)+".jpg";
        // ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file));
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath));
    

    public static BufferedImage encode(String content, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception 
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
        return image;
    

    public static void mkdirs(String destPath) 
        File file = new File(destPath);
        // 当文件夹不存在时，mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir．(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)
        if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) 
            file.mkdirs();
        
    

    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath) throws Exception 
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, imgPath, destPath, false);
    
    // 被注释的方法
    /*
     * public static void encode(String content, String destPath, boolean
     * needCompress) throws Exception  QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath,
     * needCompress); 
     */

    public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception 
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, false);
    

    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, OutputStream output, boolean needCompress)
            throws Exception 
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);
    

    public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output) throws Exception 
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, output, false);
    

    public static String decode(File file) throws Exception 
        BufferedImage image;
        image = ImageIO.read(file);
        if (image == null) 
            return null;
        
        BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
        BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
        Result result;
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
        hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
        String resultStr = result.getText();
        return resultStr;
    

    public static String decode(String path) throws Exception 
        return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path));
    

四.创建实现类:

package com.zzx.qrcode;

/**
 * @date: 2021/11/29/ 18:31
 * @author: ZhengZiXuan
 * @title:
 * @description:
 */
public class QrCodeTest 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception 
        // 存放在二维码中的内容(可以写文字,也可以写路径,若写路径的话会跳转指定路径)
        String text = "https://blog.csdn.net/a1422655169?spm=1000.2115.3001.5343";
        /
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