Android：GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder中的transport和jsonFactory是什么？

Posted 2021-04-02

在吹码中，什么是transport和jsonFactory？ （我不明白）

https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/android/backend-auth#using-a-google-api-client-library

import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleIdToken;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleIdToken.Payload;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleIdTokenVerifier;

...

GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifier = new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(transport /**Here**/, jsonFactory /**Here**/)
.setAudience(Arrays.asList(CLIENT_ID))
// If you retrieved the token on android using the Play Services 8.3 API or newer, set
// the issuer to "https://accounts.google.com". Otherwise, set the issuer to 
// "accounts.google.com". If you need to verify tokens from multiple sources, build
// a GoogleIdTokenVerifier for each issuer and try them both.
.setIssuer("https://accounts.google.com")
.build();

// (Receive idTokenString by HTTPS POST)

GoogleIdToken idToken = verifier.verify(idTokenString);
if (idToken != null) {
  Payload payload = idToken.getPayload();

  // Print user identifier
  String userId = payload.getSubject();
  System.out.println("User ID: " + userId);

  // Get profile information from payload
  String email = payload.getEmail();
  boolean emailVerified = Boolean.valueOf(payload.getEmailVerified());
  String name = (String) payload.get("name");
  String pictureUrl = (String) payload.get("picture");
  String locale = (String) payload.get("locale");
  String familyName = (String) payload.get("family_name");
  String givenName = (String) payload.get("given_name");

  // Use or store profile information
  // ...

} else {
  System.out.println("Invalid ID token.");
}

答案

GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder返回一个GoogleIdTokenVerifier，它将使用你给它的tokeninfo endpoint向transport发出请求，并使用JSONFactory创建一个解析器来解析响应。

以下是使用GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder的Cloud Endpoints项目的身份验证器示例

public class GoogleAuthenticator implements Authenticator {

    private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(GoogleAuthenticator.class.getName());
    private static final JacksonFactory jacksonFactory = new JacksonFactory();

    // From: https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/android/backend-auth#using-a-google-api-client-library
    // If you retrieved the token on Android using the Play Services 8.3 API or newer, set
    // the issuer to "https://accounts.google.com". Otherwise, set the issuer to
    // "accounts.google.com". If you need to verify tokens from multiple sources, build
    // a GoogleIdTokenVerifier for each issuer and try them both.

    GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifierForNewAndroidClients = new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(UrlFetchTransport.getDefaultInstance(), jacksonFactory)
            .setAudience(Arrays.asList(CRLConstants.ios_CLIENT_ID, CRLConstants.ANDROID_CLIENT_ID_RELEASE, CRLConstants.ANDROID_CLIENT_ID_DEBUG))
            .setIssuer("https://accounts.google.com")
            .build();

    GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifierForOtherClients = new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(UrlFetchTransport.getDefaultInstance(), jacksonFactory)
            .setAudience(Arrays.asList(CRLConstants.IOS_CLIENT_ID, CRLConstants.ANDROID_CLIENT_ID_RELEASE, CRLConstants.ANDROID_CLIENT_ID_DEBUG))
            .setIssuer("accounts.google.com")
            .build();

    // Custom Authenticator class for authenticating google accounts
    @Override
    public User authenticate(HttpServletRequest request) {

        String token = request.getHeader("google_id_token");
        if (token != null) {

            GoogleIdToken idToken = null;
            try {
                idToken = verifierForNewAndroidClients.verify(token);
                if(idToken == null) idToken = verifierForOtherClients.verify(token);

                if (idToken != null) {

                    GoogleIdToken.Payload payload = idToken.getPayload();

                    // Get profile information from payload
                    String userId = payload.getSubject();
                    String email = payload.getEmail();

                    return new GoogleUser(userId, email);

                } else {
                    log.warning("Invalid Google ID token.");
                }

            } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
                log.warning(e.getLocalizedMessage());
            } catch (IOException e) {
                log.warning(e.getLocalizedMessage());
            }

        }

        return null;
    }

}

另一答案

您需要根据运行代码的平台选择传输。

引用文档

Implementation is thread-safe, and sub-classes must be thread-safe. For maximum efficiency, applications should use a single globally-shared instance of the HTTP transport.

The recommended concrete implementation HTTP transport library to use depends on what environment you are running in:

Google App Engine: use com.google.api.client.extensions.appengine.http.UrlFetchTransport.
com.google.api.client.apache.ApacheHttpTransport doesn't work on App Engine because the Apache HTTP Client opens its own sockets (though in theory there are ways to hack it to work on App Engine that might work).
com.google.api.client.javanet.NetHttpTransport is discouraged due to a bug in the App Engine SDK itself in how it parses HTTP headers in the response.
Android:
For maximum backwards compatibility with older SDK's use newCompatibleTransport from com.google.api.client.extensions.android.http.AndroidHttp (read its JavaDoc for details).
If your application is targeting Gingerbread (SDK 2.3) or higher, simply use com.google.api.client.javanet.NetHttpTransport.
Other Java environments
com.google.api.client.javanet.NetHttpTransport is based on the HttpURLConnection built into the Java SDK, so it is normally the preferred choice.
com.google.api.client.apache.ApacheHttpTransport is a good choice for users of the Apache HTTP Client, especially if you need some of the configuration options available in that library.

文档链接：https://developers.google.com/api-client-library/java/google-http-java-client/reference/1.19.0/com/google/api/client/http/HttpTransport?is-external=true

如果你盲目地按照问题的第二个答案，你将得到例外Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.google.appengine.api.urlfetch.HTTPMethod