warnings.warn('Selenium support for PhantomJS has been deprecated, please use headless '报错(示
Posted 田智凯
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问题:selenium已经放弃PhantomJS,建议使用火狐或者谷歌无界面浏览器。
解决方案1:
selenium版本降级
通过pip install selenium默认安装版本。 (通过pip show selenium
显示版本)
将其卸载pip uninstall selenium,重新安装并指定版本号pip install selenium==2.48.0。
解决方案2:
使用别的浏览器,我这里使用的Chrome;
安装教程网上很多https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000013940356
实例:(采集北京市政百姓信件内容)
from lxml import etree import requests import csv from selenium import webdriver import time import os from selenium.webdriver.chrome.webdriver import WebDriver #创建csv outPath = ‘D://xinfang_data.csv‘ if (os.path.exists(outPath)): os.remove(outPath) fp = open(outPath, ‘wt‘, newline=‘‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘) # 创建csv writer = csv.writer(fp) writer.writerow((‘kind‘, ‘time‘, ‘processingDepartment‘, ‘content‘)) #请求头 headers = { ‘User-Agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36‘ } # 创建浏览器对象 driver = webdriver.Chrome() # 得到网页信息 def get_info(num): driver.get(url) driver.implicitly_wait(10) # 隐式等待n秒,解释javascript是需要时间的,如果短了就无法正常获取数据,如果长了浪费时间;implicitly_wait()给定时间智能等待 #driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="pageNum"]‘).clear() driver.find_element_by_id(‘pageNum‘).clear()#清除输入框 #driver.find_element_by_id(‘pageNum‘).send_keys(num) driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="pageNum"]‘).send_keys(num)#输入页数 driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="judgeFlag"]/a‘).click()#单击确认框 time.sleep(1)#一定要停一下,否则加载不出来一直输出第一页 #print(driver.current_window_handle)#当前页面句柄 html = driver.page_source #print(driver.page_source) return html #解析HTML文件,获取数据 def get_data(html): selector = etree.HTML(html) infos=selector.xpath(‘//*[@id="mailul"]/div‘) for info in infos: kind=info.xpath(‘div[1]/a/font/text()‘)[0] time=info.xpath(‘div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/text()‘)[0] processingDepartment = info.xpath(‘div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/span/text()‘)[0] content = info.xpath(‘div[1]/a/span/text()‘)[0] #处理得到的字符串 parsekind=kind.strip().strip(‘·【‘).strip(‘】‘) #print(parsekind) parsetime=time.strip().strip(‘发起时间:‘).replace("-", "/") #print(parsetime) parsepd = processingDepartment.strip().strip(‘处理部门:‘) #print(parsepd) parsecontent = content.strip() #print(parsecontent) #写入csv writer.writerow((parsekind,parsetime,parsepd,parsecontent)) if __name__ == ‘__main__‘: url = ‘http://www.beijing.gov.cn/hudong/hdjl/com.web.search.mailList.flow‘ for i in range(1,1000): html=get_info(i) get_data(html) time.sleep(1)
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