什么情况下会造成php访问严重延迟?
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篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了什么情况下会造成php访问严重延迟?相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
有套软件,是做医疗事记录查询用的
用的是IIS FastCGI + php + SQL server,除此之外还有用gupta写的一套exe客户端.大部分用户用php界面,管理员用gupta界面
最近出了个问题,一个客户,同时在线的人有两三百吧,10万条数据左右,平时IIS服务器和DB服务器的CPU使用率都在50%左右
是如果同时有几个用户用php客户端做大量数据查询或者跑大报表,两个服务器的CPU一下就跌到1%-2%了,然后所有php用户都卡的要死,平时几秒钟能打开的动态页面,要等10几分钟都打不开
但是这时候用gupta客户端的用户完全不受影响,做复杂查询什么的和平时的时间差不多
话说回来这套软件写的很糟糕,基本不用stored procedure的,几百个table的数据库,只有3个stored procedures,还是用来检验用户登录的
那个SQL生成器也有问题,就是让用户在一个表单里填查询内容然后自动生成SQL语句的,动不动就生成 select....where (((((select(((...)))...)...)....))))) 这样的SQL
服务器的IO查过了,有每隔几秒钟的峰值,但是也不至于说完全卡死不动了
有人建议我检查一下数据锁和isolation level,我虽然还没检查,但我想关系不是很大,因为gupta客户端在php严重延迟的时候访问数据一点问题也没有
有没有哪位达人能给我提点建议,我应该从什么地方查起?
这套软件不是我写的,也没有源程序,但是可以和软件开发人员联系上.
我给大家磕头了,这玩意再搞不定我就要被炒鱿鱼了 囧
mysql什么情况下会触发表锁
锁是计算机协调多个进程或线程并发访问某一资源的机制。在数据库中,除传统的计算资源(如CPU、RAM、I/O等)的争用以外,数据也是一种供许多用户共享的资源。如何保证数据并发访问的一致性、有效性是所有数据库必须解决的一个问题,锁冲突也是影响数据库并发访问性能的一个重要因素。从这个角度来说,锁对数据库而言显得尤其重要,也更加复杂。本章我们着重讨论MySQL锁机制的特点,常见的锁问题,以及解决MySQL锁问题的一些方法或建议。
查询表级锁争用情况
MySQL表级锁的锁模式
请求锁模式
是否兼容
当前锁模式
|
None
|
读锁
|
写锁
|
读锁
|
是
|
是
|
否
|
写锁
|
是
|
否
|
否
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
获得表film_text的WRITE锁定
mysql> lock table film_text write;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
|
当前session对锁定表的查询、更新、插入操作都可以执行:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
+---------+-------------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+-------------+
| 1001 | Update Test |
+---------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into film_text (film_id,title) values(1003,‘Test‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> update film_text set title = ‘Test‘ where film_id = 1001;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
其他session对锁定表的查询被阻塞,需要等待锁被释放:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
等待
|
释放锁:
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
等待
|
Session2获得锁,查询返回:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
+---------+-------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+-------+
| 1001 | Test |
+---------+-------+
1 row in set (57.59 sec)
|
如何加表锁
session_1
|
session_2
|
获得表film_text的READ锁定
mysql> lock table film_text read;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
|
当前session可以查询该表记录
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
+---------+------------------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+------------------+
| 1001 | ACADEMY DINOSAUR |
+---------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
其他session也可以查询该表的记录
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1001;
+---------+------------------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+------------------+
| 1001 | ACADEMY DINOSAUR |
+---------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
当前session不能查询没有锁定的表
mysql> select film_id,title from film where film_id = 1001;
ERROR 1100 (HY000): Table ‘film‘ was not locked with LOCK TABLES
|
其他session可以查询或者更新未锁定的表
mysql> select film_id,title from film where film_id = 1001;
+---------+---------------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+---------------+
| 1001 | update record |
+---------+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update film set title = ‘Test‘ where film_id = 1001;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
当前session中插入或者更新锁定的表都会提示错误:
mysql> insert into film_text (film_id,title) values(1002,‘Test‘);
ERROR 1099 (HY000): Table ‘film_text‘ was locked with a READ lock and can‘t be updated
mysql> update film_text set title = ‘Test‘ where film_id = 1001;
ERROR 1099 (HY000): Table ‘film_text‘ was locked with a READ lock and can‘t be updated
|
其他session更新锁定表会等待获得锁:
mysql> update film_text set title = ‘Test‘ where film_id = 1001;
等待
|
释放锁
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
等待
|
Session获得锁,更新操作完成:
mysql> update film_text set title = ‘Test‘ where film_id = 1001;
Query OK, 1 row affected (1 min 0.71 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
并发插入(Concurrent Inserts)
session_1
|
session_2
|
获得表film_text的READ LOCAL锁定
mysql> lock table film_text read local;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
|
当前session不能对锁定表进行更新或者插入操作:
mysql> insert into film_text (film_id,title) values(1002,‘Test‘);
ERROR 1099 (HY000): Table ‘film_text‘ was locked with a READ lock and can‘t be updated
mysql> update film_text set title = ‘Test‘ where film_id = 1001;
ERROR 1099 (HY000): Table ‘film_text‘ was locked with a READ lock and can‘t be updated
|
其他session可以进行插入操作,但是更新会等待:
mysql> insert into film_text (film_id,title) values(1002,‘Test‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> update film_text set title = ‘Update Test‘ where film_id = 1001;
等待
|
当前session不能访问其他session插入的记录:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1002;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
释放锁:
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
等待
|
当前session解锁后可以获得其他session插入的记录:
mysql> select film_id,title from film_text where film_id = 1002;
+---------+-------+
| film_id | title |
+---------+-------+
| 1002 | Test |
+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
Session2获得锁,更新操作完成:
mysql> update film_text set title = ‘Update Test‘ where film_id = 1001;
Query OK, 1 row affected (1 min 17.75 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
MyISAM的锁调度
背景知识
1.事务(Transaction)及其ACID属性
2.并发事务处理带来的问题
3.事务隔离级别
读数据一致性及允许的并发副作用
隔离级别
|
读数据一致性
|
脏读
|
不可重复读
|
幻读
|
未提交读(Read uncommitted)
|
最低级别,只能保证不读取物理上损坏的数据
|
是
|
是
|
是
|
已提交度(Read committed)
|
语句级
|
否
|
是
|
是
|
可重复读(Repeatable read)
|
事务级
|
否
|
否
|
是
|
可序列化(Serializable)
|
最高级别,事务级
|
否
|
否
|
否
|
获取InnoDB行锁争用情况
InnoDB的行锁模式及加锁方法
请求锁模式
是否兼容
当前锁模式
|
X
|
IX
|
S
|
IS
|
X
|
冲突
|
冲突
|
冲突
|
冲突
|
IX
|
冲突
|
兼容
|
冲突
|
兼容
|
S
|
冲突
|
冲突
|
兼容
|
兼容
|
IS
|
冲突
|
兼容
|
兼容
|
兼容
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
当前session对actor_id=178的记录加share mode 的共享锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178lock in share mode;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
|
|
其他session仍然可以查询记录,并也可以对该记录加share mode的共享锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178lock in share mode;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
|
|
当前session对锁定的记录进行更新操作,等待锁:
mysql> update actor set last_name = ‘MONROE T‘ where actor_id = 178;
等待
|
|
其他session也对该记录进行更新操作,则会导致死锁退出:
mysql> update actor set last_name = ‘MONROE T‘ where actor_id = 178;
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
|
获得锁后,可以成功更新:
mysql> update actor set last_name = ‘MONROE T‘ where actor_id = 178;
Query OK, 1 row affected (17.67 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
当前session对actor_id=178的记录加for update的排它锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178 for update;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
其他session可以查询该记录,但是不能对该记录加共享锁,会等待获得锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178 for update;
等待
|
|
当前session可以对锁定的记录进行更新操作,更新后释放锁:
mysql> update actor set last_name = ‘MONROE T‘ where actor_id = 178;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
|
|
其他session获得锁,得到其他session提交的记录:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 178 for update;
+----------+------------+-----------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name |
+----------+------------+-----------+
| 178 | LISA | MONROE T |
+----------+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (9.59 sec)
|
InnoDB行锁实现方式
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tab_no_index where id = 1 ;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tab_no_index where id = 2 ;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | 2 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tab_no_index where id = 1 for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> select * from tab_no_index where id = 2 for update;
等待
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 ;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 2 ;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | 2 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 2 for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | 2 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 and name = ‘1‘ for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
虽然session_2访问的是和session_1不同的记录,但是因为使用了相同的索引,所以需要等待锁:
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 and name = ‘4‘ for update;
等待
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where id = 1 for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 4 |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
Session_2使用name的索引访问记录,因为记录没有被索引,所以可以获得锁:
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where name = ‘2‘ for update;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 2 | 2 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
由于访问的记录已经被session_1锁定,所以等待获得锁。:
mysql> select * from tab_with_index where name = ‘4‘ for update;
|
间隙锁(Next-Key锁)
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
当前session对不存在的记录加for update的锁:
mysql> select * from emp where empid = 102 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
这时,如果其他session插入empid为102的记录(注意:这条记录并不存在),也会出现锁等待:
mysql>insert into emp(empid,...) values(102,...);
阻塞等待
|
|
Session_1 执行rollback:
mysql> rollback;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (13.04 sec)
|
|
由于其他session_1回退后释放了Next-Key锁,当前session可以获得锁并成功插入记录:
mysql>insert into emp(empid,...) values(102,...);
Query OK, 1 row affected (13.35 sec)
|
恢复和复制的需要,对InnoDB锁机制的影响
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = ‘1‘;
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = ‘1‘;
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> insert into target_tab select d1,name from source_tab where name = ‘1‘;
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
|
|
mysql> update source_tab set name = ‘1‘ where name = ‘8‘;
等待
|
|
commit;
|
|
返回结果
commit;
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>set innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=‘on‘
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = ‘1‘;
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = ‘1‘;
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 1 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> insert into target_tab select d1,name from source_tab where name = ‘1‘;
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
|
|
session_1未提交,可以对session_1的select的记录进行更新操作。
mysql> update source_tab set name = ‘8‘ where name = ‘1‘;
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 5 Changed: 5 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = ‘8‘;
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 8 | 1 |
| 5 | 8 | 1 |
| 6 | 8 | 1 |
| 7 | 8 | 1 |
| 8 | 8 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
更新操作先提交
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
|
|
插入操作后提交
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
|
|
此时查看数据,target_tab中可以插入source_tab更新前的结果,这符合应用逻辑:
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = ‘8‘;
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 8 | 1 |
| 5 | 8 | 1 |
| 6 | 8 | 1 |
| 7 | 8 | 1 |
| 8 | 8 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 4 | 1.00 |
| 5 | 1.00 |
| 6 | 1.00 |
| 7 | 1.00 |
| 8 | 1.00 |
+------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select * from tt1 where name = ‘1‘;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from source_tab where name = ‘8‘;
+----+------+----+
| d1 | name | d2 |
+----+------+----+
| 4 | 8 | 1 |
| 5 | 8 | 1 |
| 6 | 8 | 1 |
| 7 | 8 | 1 |
| 8 | 8 | 1 |
+----+------+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from target_tab;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 4 | 1.00 |
| 5 | 1.00 |
| 6 | 1.00 |
| 7 | 1.00 |
| 8 | 1.00 |
+------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
|
InnoDB在不同隔离级别下的一致性读及锁的差异
隔离级别
一致性读和锁
SQL
|
Read Uncommited
|
Read Commited
|
Repeatable Read
|
Serializable
|
|
SQL
|
条件
|
||||
select
|
相等
|
None locks
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Share locks
|
范围
|
None locks
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Share Next-Key
|
|
update
|
相等
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
Exclusive locks
|
范围
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
|
Insert
|
N/A
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
replace
|
无键冲突
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
键冲突
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
|
delete
|
相等
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
范围
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
|
Select ... from ... Lock in share mode
|
相等
|
Share locks
|
Share locks
|
Share locks
|
Share locks
|
范围
|
Share locks
|
Share locks
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
|
Select * from ... For update
|
相等
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
exclusive locks
|
范围
|
exclusive locks
|
Share locks
|
exclusive next-key
|
exclusive next-key
|
|
Insert into ... Select ...
(指源表锁)
|
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=off
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=on
|
None locks
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Share Next-Key
|
|
create table ... Select ...
(指源表锁)
|
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=off
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
Share Next-Key
|
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=on
|
None locks
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Consisten read/None lock
|
Share Next-Key
|
什么时候使用表锁
关于死锁
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from table_1 where where id=1 for update;
...
做一些其他处理...
|
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from table_2 where id=1 for update;
...
|
select * from table_2 where id =1 for update;
因session_2已取得排他锁,等待
|
做一些其他处理...
|
mysql> select * from table_1 where where id=1 for update;
死锁
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 1 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| PENELOPE | GUINESS |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> insert into country (country_id,country) values(110,‘Test‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> insert into country (country_id,country) values(110,‘Test‘);
等待
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 1 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| PENELOPE | GUINESS |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> insert into country (country_id,country) values(110,‘Test‘);
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 1 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| PENELOPE | GUINESS |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 3 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| ED | CHASE |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 3 for update;
等待
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 1 for update;
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
|
mysql> select first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 3 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| ED | CHASE |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (4.71 sec)
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+-----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+-----------------+
| REPEATABLE-READ |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
|
当前session对不存在的记录加for update的锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
其他session也可以对不存在的记录加for update的锁:
mysql> select actor_id,first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
因为其他session也对该记录加了锁,所以当前的插入会等待:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id , first_name , last_name) values(201,‘Lisa‘,‘Tom‘);
等待
|
|
因为其他session已经对记录进行了更新,这时候再插入记录就会提示死锁并退出:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id, first_name , last_name) values(201,‘Lisa‘,‘Tom‘);
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
|
由于其他session已经退出,当前session可以获得锁并成功插入记录:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id , first_name , last_name) values(201,‘Lisa‘,‘Tom‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (13.35 sec)
|
session_1
|
session_2
|
session_3
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+----------------+
| READ-COMMITTED |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+----------------+
| READ-COMMITTED |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
|
mysql> select @@tx_isolation;
+----------------+
| @@tx_isolation |
+----------------+
| READ-COMMITTED |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
|
Session_1获得for update的共享锁:
mysql> select actor_id, first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
由于记录不存在,session_2也可以获得for update的共享锁:
mysql> select actor_id, first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
|
|
Session_1可以成功插入记录:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id,first_name,last_name) values(201,‘Lisa‘,‘Tom‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
|
||
Session_2插入申请等待获得锁:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id,first_name,last_name) values(201,‘Lisa‘,‘Tom‘);
等待
|
||
Session_1成功提交:
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
|
||
Session_2获得锁,发现插入记录主键重,这个时候抛出了异常,但是并没有释放共享锁:
mysql> insert into actor (actor_id,first_name,last_name) values(201,‘Lisa‘,‘Tom‘);
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry ‘201‘ for key ‘PRIMARY‘
|
||
Session_3申请获得共享锁,因为session_2已经锁定该记录,所以session_3需要等待:
mysql> select actor_id, first_name,last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
等待
|
||
这个时候,如果session_2直接对记录进行更新操作,则会抛出死锁的异常:
mysql> update actor set last_name=‘Lan‘ where actor_id = 201;
ERROR 1213 (40001): Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction
|
||
Session_2释放锁后,session_3获得锁:
mysql> select first_name, last_name from actor where actor_id = 201 for update;
+------------+-----------+
| first_name | last_name |
+------------+-----------+
| Lisa | Tom |
+------------+-----------+
1 row in set (31.12 sec)
|
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