Logstash替换字符串，解析json数据，修改数据类型，获取日志时间

Posted 2021-01-14 wenbo的博客

在某些情况下，有些日志文本文件类json，但它的是单引号，具体格式如下，我们需要根据下列日志数据，获取正确的字段和字段类型

{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘463.36‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933162361‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘463.378‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933222335‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘463.38‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933348347‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘463.252‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933366866‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘463.31‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933372350‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘463.046‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933426899‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.806‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933432346‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.956‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933438353‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.954‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933456796‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.856‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933492411‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.776‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933564378‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.628‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933576849‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.612‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933588338‘}
{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.718‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933636808‘}

此时我们如果当json直接用logstash Json filter plugin来解析会如下报错

[WARN ] 2018-07-31 10:20:12.708 [[email protected][main]>worker1: :1] json - Error parsing json {:source=>"message", :raw=>"{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.134‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933714371‘}", :exception=>#<LogStash::Json::ParserError: Unexpected character (‘‘‘ (code 39)): was expecting double-quote to start field name at [Source: (byte[])"{‘usdCnyRate‘: ‘6.728‘, ‘futureIndex‘: ‘462.134‘, ‘timestamp‘: ‘1532933714371‘}"; line: 1, column: 3]>}

此处我认为简单的做法是替换单引号为双引号，替换过程应用了logstash mutate gsub
一定要看清楚我10-12行的写法，作用为替换字符串，14-15行为解析json。我们还需要将usdCnyRate和futureIndex转为float类型（18-21行），将timestamp转为时间类型，并重新定义一个logdate来存储（23-25行）此处用到
logstash date filter plugin

input{
    file {
        path => "/usr/share/logstash/wb.cond/test.log"
        start_position => "beginning"
        sincedb_path => "/dev/null"
    }
}
filter{
    mutate {
        gsub =>[
            "message", "‘", ‘"‘
        ]
    }
    json {
        source => "message"
    }
    mutate {
        convert => {
            "usdCnyRate" => "float"
            "futureIndex" => "float"
        }
    }
    date {
        match => [ "timestamp", "UNIX_MS" ]
        target => "logdate"
    }
}
output{
    stdout{
        codec=>rubydebug
    }
}

利用上述配置文件，我们能正确解析出日志文件的字段和类型

{
        "message" => "{"usdCnyRate": "6.728", "futureIndex": "463.378", "timestamp": "1532933222335"}",
     "@timestamp" => 2018-07-31T10:48:48.600Z,
           "host" => "logstashvm0",
           "path" => "/usr/share/logstash/wb.cond/test.log",
       "@version" => "1",
        "logdate" => 2018-07-30T06:47:02.335Z,
     "usdCnyRate" => 6.728,
      "timestamp" => "1532933222335",
    "futureIndex" => 463.378
}
{
        "message" => "{"usdCnyRate": "6.728", "futureIndex": "463.252", "timestamp": "1532933366866"}",
     "@timestamp" => 2018-07-31T10:48:48.602Z,
           "host" => "logstashvm0",
           "path" => "/usr/share/logstash/wb.cond/test.log",
       "@version" => "1",
        "logdate" => 2018-07-30T06:49:26.866Z,
     "usdCnyRate" => 6.728,
      "timestamp" => "1532933366866",
    "futureIndex" => 463.252
}
{
        "message" => "{"usdCnyRate": "6.728", "futureIndex": "463.31", "timestamp": "1532933372350"}",
     "@timestamp" => 2018-07-31T10:48:48.602Z,
           "host" => "logstashvm0",
           "path" => "/usr/share/logstash/wb.cond/test.log",
       "@version" => "1",
        "logdate" => 2018-07-30T06:49:32.350Z,
     "usdCnyRate" => 6.728,
      "timestamp" => "1532933372350",
    "futureIndex" => 463.31
}