django-rest-framework之 json web token方式完成用户认证

Posted 2021-01-02 20180616

json web token的介绍：https://blog.csdn.net/kevin_lcq/article/details/74846723

1. 安装

$ pip install djangorestframework-jwt

2. 添加配置

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    ‘DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES‘: (
        ‘rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication‘,
        ‘rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication‘,
        ‘rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication‘,
    ),
}

3. 添加URL

from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token
#...

urlpatterns = [
    ‘‘,
    # ...
　　# jwt的认证接口
    url(r‘^api-token-auth/‘, obtain_jwt_token),
]

向该接口post用户名和密码，会返回token串。

4. 实际使用

实际使用登录时，是post用户名和密码，然后系统验证用户名和密码的正确性，正确返回token，那么上面的url是根据django的auth去验证的。那么对于验证的提示可能不太好控制，所以自己写登录验证，在验证通过之后，返回token。

验证放在serializer中：

# 登录 列化类
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    username = serializers.CharField(max_length=11)
    # password = PasswordField(write_only=True)

    def validate(self, attr):
        user = authenticate(username=attr["username"], password=attr["password"])
        if user:
            return attr
        else:
            raise serializers.ValidationError("用户名或密码错误...")

    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = (‘username‘, ‘password‘)

View：

# 用户登录/个人信息
class UserViewSet(mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, mixins.UpdateModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    queryset = UserProfile.objects.all()

    # 动态 返回序列化器类 默认返回serializer_class，可以重写
    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == "retrieve":  # action：update partial_update
            return UserInfoSerializer
        elif self.action == "create":
            return UserSerializer
        return UserInfoSerializer

    # 动态加载权限验证
    def get_permissions(self):
        if self.action == "retrieve":
            return [permissions.IsAuthenticated()]
        elif self.action == "create":
            return []
        return []

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):  # 用户登录返回token
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        # re_dict = serializer.data  post 的数据
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(self.request.user)  # print(payload)
        token_str = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
        headers = self.get_success_headers(serializer.data)
        return Response(token_str, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)

 官网：http://getblimp.github.io/django-rest-framework-jwt/