js实现数组去重的方式(7种)

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目录

JS数组去重的方式

例：将下面数组去除重复元素（以多种数据类型为例）

const arr = [1, 2, 2, 'abc', 'abc', true, true, false, false, undefined, undefined, NaN, NaN]

1.利用Set()+Array.from()

  • Set对象：是值的集合，你可以按照插入的顺序迭代它的元素。 Set中的元素只会出现一次，即Set中的元素是唯一的。
  • Array.from() 方法：对一个类似数组或可迭代对象创建一个新的，浅拷贝的数组实例。
const result = Array.from(new Set(arr))
console.log(result) // [ 1, 2, 'abc', true, false, undefined, NaN ]

注意：以上去方式对NaN和undefined类型去重也是有效的，是因为NaN和undefined都可以被存储在Set中， NaN之间被视为相同的值（尽管在js中：NaN !== NaN）。

2.利用两层循环+数组的splice方法

通过两层循环对数组元素进行逐一比较，然后通过splice方法来删除重复的元素。此方法对NaN是无法进行去重的，因为进行比较时NaN !== NaN。

function removeDuplicate(arr) 
  let len = arr.length
  for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) 
    for (let j = i + 1; j < len; j++) 
      if (arr[i] === arr[j]) 
        arr.splice(j, 1)
        len-- // 减少循环次数提高性能
        j-- // 保证j的值自加后不变
      
    
  
  return arr


const result = removeDuplicate(arr)
console.log(result) // [ 1, 2, 'abc', true, false, undefined, NaN, NaN ]

3.利用数组的indexOf方法

新建一个空数组，遍历需要去重的数组，将数组元素存入新数组中，存放前判断数组中是否已经含有当前元素，没有则存入。此方法也无法对NaN去重。

  • indexOf() 方法：返回调用它的String对象中第一次出现的指定值的索引，从 fromIndex 处进行搜索。如果未找到该值，则返回 -1。
function removeDuplicate(arr) 
  const newArr = []
  arr.forEach(item => 
    if (newArr.indexOf(item) === -1) 
      newArr.push(item)
    
  )
  return newArr // 返回一个新数组


const result = removeDuplicate(arr)
console.log(result) // [ 1, 2, 'abc', true, false, undefined, NaN, NaN ]

4.利用数组的includes方法

此方法逻辑与indexOf方法去重异曲同工，只是用includes方法来判断是否包含重复元素。

  • includes()方法：用来判断一个数组是否包含一个指定的值，根据情况，如果包含则返回 true，否则返回 false。
function removeDuplicate(arr) 
  const newArr = []
  arr.forEach(item => 
    if (!newArr.includes(item)) 
      newArr.push(item)
    
  )
  return newArr


const result = removeDuplicate(arr)
console.log(result) // [ 1, 2, 'abc', true, false, undefined, NaN ]

注意：为什么includes能够检测到数组中包含NaN，其涉及到includes底层的实现。如下图为includes实现的部分代码，在进行判断是否包含某元素时会调用sameValueZero方法进行比较，如果为NaN，则会使用isNaN()进行转化。

具体实现可参考：https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/javascript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/includes

简单测试includes()对NaN的判断：

const testArr = [1, 'a', NaN]
console.log(testArr.includes(NaN)) // true

5.利用数组的filter()+indexOf()

filter方法会对满足条件的元素存放到一个新数组中，结合indexOf方法进行判断。

  • filter() 方法：会创建一个新数组，其包含通过所提供函数实现的测试的所有元素。
function removeDuplicate(arr) 
  return arr.filter((item, index) => 
    return arr.indexOf(item) === index
  )


const result = removeDuplicate(arr)
console.log(result) // [ 1, 2, 'abc', true, false, undefined ]

注意：这里的输出结果中不包含NaN，是因为indexOf()无法对NaN进行判断，即arr.indexOf(item) === index返回结果为false。测试如下：

const testArr = [1, 'a', NaN]
console.log(testArr.indexOf(NaN)) // -1

6.利用Map()

Map对象是JavaScript提供的一种数据结构，结构为键值对形式，将数组元素作为map的键存入，然后结合has()和set()方法判断键是否重复。

  • Map 对象：用于保存键值对，并且能够记住键的原始插入顺序。任何值（对象或者原始值）都可以作为一个键或一个值。
function removeDuplicate(arr) 
  const map = new Map()
  const newArr = []

  arr.forEach(item => 
    if (!map.has(item))  // has()用于判断map是否包为item的属性值
      map.set(item, true) // 使用set()将item设置到map中，并设置其属性值为true
      newArr.push(item)
    
  )

  return newArr


const result = removeDuplicate(arr)
console.log(result) // [ 1, 2, 'abc', true, false, undefined, NaN ]

注意：使用Map()也可对NaN去重，原因是Map进行判断时认为NaN是与NaN相等的，剩下所有其它的值是根据 === 运算符的结果判断是否相等。

7.利用对象

其实现思想和Map()是差不多的，主要是利用了对象的属性名不可重复这一特性。

function removeDuplicate(arr) 
  const newArr = []
  const obj = 

  arr.forEach(item => 
    if (!obj[item]) 
      newArr.push(item)
      obj[item] = true
    
  )

  return newArr


const result = removeDuplicate(arr)
console.log(result) // [ 1, 2, 'abc', true, false, undefined, NaN ]

JS数组去重的十种方法

一、前言：

我们在实际工作中，或者在面试找工作时，都会用到或者被问到一个问题，那就是“数组如何去重”。是的，这个问题有很多种解决方案，看看下面的十种方式吧！

 

二、数组去重方式大汇总：

Methods 1: 思路：定义一个新数组，并存放原数组的第一个元素，然后将元素组一一和新数组的元素对比，若不同则存放在新数组中。

		function unique(arr){
			var res = [arr[0]];
			for(var i=1; i<arr.length; i++){
				var repeat = false;
				for(var j=0; j<res.length; j++){
					if(arr[i] === res[j]){
						repeat = true;
						break;
					}
				}

				if(!repeat){
					res.push(arr[i]);
				}
			}
			return res;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法一---------------‘);
		console.log(unique([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 2: 思路：先将原数组排序，在与相邻的进行比较，如果不同则存入新数组。

		function unique2(arr){
			var arr2 = arr.sort();
			var res = [arr2[0]];
			for(var i=1; i<arr2.length; i++){
				if(arr2[i] !== res[res.length-1]){
					res.push(arr2[i]);
				}
			}

			return res;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法二---------------‘);
		console.log(unique2([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 3: 利用对象属性存在的特性，如果没有该属性则存入新数组。

		function unique3(arr){
			var res = [];
			var obj = {};
			for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
				if( !obj[arr[i]] ){
					obj[arr[i]] = 1;
					res.push(arr[i]);
				}
			}

			return res;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法三---------------‘);
		console.log(unique3([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 4: 利用数组的indexOf下标属性来查询。

		function unique4(arr){
			var res = [];
			for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
				if(res.indexOf(arr[i]) == -1){
					res.push(arr[i]);
				}
			}

			return res;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法四---------------‘);
		console.log(unique4([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 5: 利用数组原型对象上的includes方法。

		function unique5(arr){
			var res = [];

			for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
				if( !res.includes(arr[i]) ){ // 如果res新数组包含当前循环item
					res.push(arr[i]);
				}
			}

			return res;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法五---------------‘);
		console.log(unique5([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 6: 利用数组原型对象上的 filter 和 includes方法。

		function unique6(arr){
			var res = [];

			res = arr.filter(function(item){
			  return res.includes(item) ? ‘‘ : res.push(item);
			});

			return res;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法六---------------‘);
		console.log(unique6([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 7: 利用数组原型对象上的 forEach 和 includes方法。

		function unique7(arr){
			var res = [];

			arr.forEach(function(item){
			  res.includes(item) ? ‘‘ : res.push(item);
			});

			return res;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法七---------------‘);
		console.log(unique7([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 8: 利用数组原型对象上的 splice 方法。

		function unique8(arr){
			var i,
				j,
				len = arr.length;

			for(i = 0; i < len; i++){
		        for(j = i + 1; j < len; j++){
		            if(arr[i] == arr[j]){
		                arr.splice(j,1);
		                len--;
		                j--;
		            }
		        }
		    }

			return arr;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法八---------------‘);
		console.log(unique8([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 9: 利用数组原型对象上的 lastIndexOf 方法。

		function unique9(arr){
			var res = [];

			for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
				res.lastIndexOf(arr[i]) !== -1 ? ‘‘ : res.push(arr[i]);
			}

			return res;
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法九---------------‘);
		console.log(unique9([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

Methods 10: 利用 ES6的set 方法。

		function unique10(arr){
			//Set数据结构，它类似于数组，其成员的值都是唯一的
			return Array.from(new Set(arr)); // 利用Array.from将Set结构转换成数组
		}
		console.log(‘------------方法十---------------‘);
		console.log(unique10([1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4]));

 

三、其他：

有意思的是，当我把数组的长度变得很大的时候（如下所示），测试了一下不同方法的执行时间长短，会发现方法三、四、五、六、七相对来说会更有优势，而方法八的执行速度似乎一直垫底。你也可以在你本地跑一下试试！

	//测试用的超大数组
	var arr = 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,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6,7,4,1,1,2,3,5,3,1,5,6];

	//这里只是举例方法三（如果你把所有方法放在一起测试，会更直观的看到执行时间的差异）
	var time3 = new Date().getTime();
	function unique3(arr){
		var res = [];
		var obj = {};
		for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++){
			if( !obj[arr[i]] ){
				obj[arr[i]] = 1;
				res.push(arr[i]);
			}
		}

		return res;
	}
	console.log(‘------------方法三---------------‘);
	console.log( unique3(arr) );
	console.log(‘3所花时间： ‘ + (new Date().getTime() - time3));

 

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