AngularJS学习笔记——通过Ajax获取JSON数据

Posted 2020-11-04 本木木

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通过Ajax获取JSON数据

以我之前写的与用户交互的动态清单列表为例，使用JSON前todo.html代码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html ng-app="todoApp">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>TO DO List</title>
    <link href="./bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
    <link href="./bootstrap/css/bootstrap-theme.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
    <script src="./angularJs/angular.js"></script>
    <script>

        var model = {
            user:"Yimi",
            items:[{action:"练车",done:true},
                {action:"看课外书",done:false}]
        };

        var todoApp = angular.module("todoApp",[]);

        todoApp.controller("ToDoCtrl",function($scope){ //以$开头的变量名表示AngularJS的内置特性
            $scope.todo = model;

            $scope.incompleteCount = function(){
                var count = 0;
                angular.forEach($scope.todo.items,function(item){
                    if(!item.done){count++;}
                });
                return count;
            }

            $scope.warningLevel = function(){
                return $scope.incompleteCount() < 2 ? "label-success" : "label-warning";
            }

            $scope.addNewItem = function(actionText){
                $scope.todo.items.push({action:actionText, done:false});
            }

        });

    </script>
</head>
<body ng-controller="ToDoCtrl">
<div class="page-header">
    <h1>{{todo.user}}‘s TO DO List
    <!--添加ng-hide="incompleteCount() == 0"使未办事项数为0时不显示此标签-->
    <span class="label label-default" ng-hide="incompleteCount() == 0" ng-class="warningLevel()">{{incompleteCount()}}</span></h1>
</div>
<div class="panel">
    <div class="input-group">
        <input class="form-control" ng-model="actionText"/>
        <span class="input-group-btn">
                <button class="btn btn-default" ng-click="addNewItem(actionText)">Add</button>
        </span>
    </div>
    <table class="table table-striped">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>Description</th>
            <th>Done</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        <tr ng-repeat="item in todo.items">
            <td>{{item.action}}</td>
            <td><input type="checkbox" ng-model="item.done"/></td>
            <td>{{item.done}}</td>
        </tr>
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
</body>
</html>

效果图如下：
技术分享图片

现在把模型model内的items中的值单独写成一个JSON文件，再通过发起Ajax请求的方式获取JSON数据。

1.把todo.html文件内的模型model去除直接定义的items，改成如下形式：

 var model = {
            user: "admin"
        };

2.新建todo.json文件并编写如下代码：

[
  {"action": "练车","done": false},
  {"action": "看书","done": true}
]

3.发起Ajax请求的方式获取JSON数据：

......
todoApp.run(function ($http) {
            $http.get("./todo.json").success(function (data) {
                model.items = data;
                console.log("data:" ,data );
                console.log("items:" , model.items)
            });
        });
......

现在，清单列表中的数据项就都是通过JSON数据来传递的了，使用Chrome可以浏览器查看时可以按F12看到NetWork的状态，状态码为200即成功获取。可以看到todo.json的数据成功获取到了：
技术分享图片
而且显示的页面效果与原先一致。

完整源码（css/js文件需自己额外设置）：
todo.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html ng-app="todoApp">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>TO DO List</title>
    <link href="./bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
    <link href="./bootstrap/css/bootstrap-theme.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
    <script src="./angularJs/angular.js"></script>
    <script>

        var model = {
            user: "Yimi"
        };

        var todoApp = angular.module("todoApp", []);
        todoApp.run(function ($http) {
            $http.get("./todo.json").success(function (data) {
                model.items = data;
                console.log("data:" ,data );
                console.log("items:" , model.items)
            });
        });

        todoApp.controller("ToDoCtrl", function ($scope) {
            $scope.todo = model;

            $scope.incompleteCount = function () {
                var count = 0;
                angular.forEach($scope.todo.items, function (item) {
                    if (!item.done) {
                        count++;
                    }
                });
                return count;
            }

            $scope.warningLevel = function () {
                return $scope.incompleteCount() < 2 ? "label-success" : "label-warning";
            }

            $scope.addNewItem = function (actionText) {
                $scope.todo.items.push({action: actionText, done: false});
            }

        });

    </script>
</head>
<body ng-controller="ToDoCtrl">
<div class="page-header">
    <h1>{{todo.user}}‘s TO DO List
        <!--添加ng-hide="incompleteCount() == 0"使未办事项数为0时不显示此标签-->
        <span class="label label-default" ng-hide="incompleteCount() == 0" ng-class="warningLevel()">{{incompleteCount()}}</span>
    </h1>
</div>
<div class="panel">
    <div class="input-group">
        <input class="form-control" ng-model="actionText"/>
        <span class="input-group-btn">
                <button class="btn btn-default" ng-click="addNewItem(actionText)">Add</button>
        </span>
    </div>
    <table class="table table-striped">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>Description</th>
            <th>Done</th>
            <th></th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        <tr ng-repeat="item in todo.items">
            <td>{{item.action}}</td>
            <td><input type="checkbox" ng-model="item.done"/></td>
            <td>{{item.done}}</td>
        </tr>
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>
</body>
</html>

todo.json

[
  {"action": "练车","done": false},
  {"action": "看书","done": true}
]

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