Ajax——从服务器获取各种文件

Posted 2020-10-02 LLLLily

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ajax.js内容

function ajax(url,fnWin,fnFaild){
    //1.创建ajax对象
    var xhr = window.XMLHttpRequest ? new XMLHttpRequest() : new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
    //2.与服务器建立连接
    xhr.open("GET",url,true);
    //3.发送请求
    xhr.send();
    //4.接收服务器返回的信息
    xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
        if(xhr.readyState == 4){
            if(xhr.status == 200){
                fnWin && fnWin(xhr.responseText);
            }else{
                fnFaild && fnFaild();
            }
        }
    }
}

实例一，获取txt文件内容

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
        <style type="text/css">
            #box{
                width:300px;
                height: 300px;
                border: 1px solid black;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <input type="button" name="" id="" value="按钮一" />
        <input type="button" name="" id="" value="按钮二" />
        <input type="button" name="" id="" value="按钮三" />
        <div id="box"></div>
    </body>
</html>

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajax.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var oBtn = document.getElementsByTagName("input");
    var oDiv = document.getElementById("box");
    for(var i = 0;i < oBtn.length;i ++){
        oBtn[i].index = i;
        oBtn[i].onclick = function(){
            ajax(this.index + 1 + ".txt",function(str){
                oDiv.innerHTML = str;
            })
        }
    }
</script>

效果图如下↓

实例二，通过ajax访问服务器端的abc.txt文件，并实现无刷新实时更新内容↓

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>通过ajax访问服务器端的abc.txt文件</p>
        <input type="button" name="btn" id="btn" value="读取文件" />
        <div id="box">
            
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajax.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var oBtn = document.getElementById("btn");
    var oDiv = document.getElementById("box");
    oBtn.onclick = function(){
        document.title = "abc.txt?" + new Date().getTime();
        ajax("abc.txt?t=" + new Date().getTime(),function(str){   //？后的内容会被浏览器忽略，以此实现实时刷新内容，即在修改abc.txt文件内容后，无须刷新也能获取最新内容。
            oDiv.innerHTML = str;
        })
    }
</script>

实例三，

通过ajax访问服务器端的data.json文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>通过ajax访问服务器端的data.json文件</p>
        <input type="button" name="btn" id="btn" value="读取文件" />
        <div id="box">
            
        </div>
    </body>
</html>                                                  
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajax.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var oBtn = document.getElementById("btn");
    var oDiv = document.getElementById("box");
    oBtn.onclick = function(){
        ajax("data.json?t=" + new Date().getTime(),function(str){
            var json = (new Function("return" + str))();
            alert(json[0].c);
        })
    }
</script>

实例四，动态创建dom节点并插入json文件内容

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <ul id="ul1"></ul>
        <a href="javascript:;">1</a>
        <a href="javascript:;">2</a>
        <a href="javascript:;">3</a>
    </body>
</html>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajax.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var oUl = document.getElementById("ul1");
    var oA = document.getElementsByTagName("a");
    for(var i = 0;i < oA.length; i ++){
        oA[i].index = i;
        oA[i].onclick = function(){
            oUl.innerHTML = ""; //清空ul
            ajax("page" + (this.index + 1) + ".json",function(str){
                var json = (new Function("return" + str))(); //解析json
                //利用js中DOM动态生成页面中的内容
                for(var j = 0;j < json.length;j ++){
                    var obj = json[j];
                    for(var key in obj){
                        var oLi = document.createElement("li");
                        oLi.innerHTML = "<strong>" + key + "</strong><i>" + obj[key] + "</i>";
                        oUl.appendChild(oLi);
                    }
                    
                }
            })
        }
    }
</script>