ajax请求返回乱码

Posted 2020-09-23 张亚南

1，web.xml中有如下配置：

<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
  <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  <async-supported>true</async-supported>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>encoding</param-name>
    <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

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2.Controller

@RequestMapping("/test")
    @ResponseBody
    public String test(HttpServletResponse re){
        JSONObject json=new JSONObject();
        json.put("msg", "测试");
        re.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        return json.toString();
    }

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3.ajax

$.ajax({
                type : "GET",
                url : "../cart/test",
               data:{},
                datatype : "json",
                scriptCharset: ‘UTF-8‘,
                success : function(result) {
                    var data = JSON.parse(result);
                },
                error : function(result) {
                    var data = JSON.parse(result);
                }

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仍旧乱码，另外jsp页面、tomcat、项目、General下的Workspace全部设为UTF-8仍旧乱码

最终发现 <mvc:annotation-driven/>

这个意思是说注解驱动，@作用：springMVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。
并提供了：数据绑定支持，@NumberFormatannotation支持，@DateTimeFormat支持，@Valid支持，读写XML的支持（JAXB），读写JSON的支持（Jackson）。

@作用：（Springmvc3）

<!-- 注解请求映射  -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping">        
        <property name="interceptors">
            <list>  
                <ref bean="logNDCInteceptor"/>   <!-- 日志拦截器，这是你自定义的拦截器 -->
            </list>        
        </property>        
    </bean>      
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">  
            <list>  
                <ref bean="byteArray_hmc" />  
                <ref bean="string_hmc" />  
                <ref bean="resource_hmc" />  
                <ref bean="source_hmc" />  
                <ref bean="xmlAwareForm_hmc" />  
                <ref bean="jaxb2RootElement_hmc" />  
                <ref bean="jackson_hmc" />  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <bean id="byteArray_hmc" class="org.springframework.http.converter.ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- 处理.. -->
    <bean id="string_hmc" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- 处理.. -->
    <bean id="resource_hmc" class="org.springframework.http.converter.ResourceHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- 处理.. -->
    <bean id="source_hmc" class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.SourceHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- 处理.. -->
    <bean id="xmlAwareForm_hmc" class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.XmlAwareFormHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- 处理.. -->
    <bean id="jaxb2RootElement_hmc" class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- 处理.. -->
    <bean id="jackson_hmc" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- 处理json-->

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其中StringHttpMessageConverter的作用是

看源码：

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2014 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.http.converter;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.http.HttpInputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.HttpOutputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.util.StreamUtils;

/**
 * Implementation of {@link HttpMessageConverter} that can read and write strings.
 *
 * <p>By default, this converter supports all media types ({@code &#42;&#47;&#42;}),
 * and writes with a {@code Content-Type} of {@code text/plain}. This can be overridden
 * by setting the {@link #setSupportedMediaTypes supportedMediaTypes} property.
 *
 * @author Arjen Poutsma
 * @since 3.0
 */
public class StringHttpMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<String> {

    public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");


    private final Charset defaultCharset;

    private final List<Charset> availableCharsets;

    private boolean writeAcceptCharset = true;


    /**
     * A default constructor that uses {@code "ISO-8859-1"} as the default charset.
     * @see #StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset)
     */
    public StringHttpMessageConverter() {
        this(DEFAULT_CHARSET);
    }

    /**
     * A constructor accepting a default charset to use if the requested content
     * type does not specify one.
     */
    public StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset defaultCharset) {
        super(new MediaType("text", "plain", defaultCharset), MediaType.ALL);
        this.defaultCharset = defaultCharset;
        this.availableCharsets = new ArrayList<Charset>(Charset.availableCharsets().values());
    }


    /**
     * Indicates whether the {@code Accept-Charset} should be written to any outgoing request.
     * <p>Default is {@code true}.
     */
    public void setWriteAcceptCharset(boolean writeAcceptCharset) {
        this.writeAcceptCharset = writeAcceptCharset;
    }


    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        return String.class == clazz;
    }

    @Override
    protected String readInternal(Class<? extends String> clazz, HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException {
        Charset charset = getContentTypeCharset(inputMessage.getHeaders().getContentType());
        return StreamUtils.copyToString(inputMessage.getBody(), charset);
    }

    @Override
    protected Long getContentLength(String str, MediaType contentType) {
        Charset charset = getContentTypeCharset(contentType);
        try {
            return (long) str.getBytes(charset.name()).length;
        }
        catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
            // should not occur
            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void writeInternal(String str, HttpOutputMessage outputMessage) throws IOException {
        if (this.writeAcceptCharset) {
            outputMessage.getHeaders().setAcceptCharset(getAcceptedCharsets());
        }
        Charset charset = getContentTypeCharset(outputMessage.getHeaders().getContentType());
        StreamUtils.copy(str, charset, outputMessage.getBody());
    }


    /**
     * Return the list of supported {@link Charset}s.
     * <p>By default, returns {@link Charset#availableCharsets()}.
     * Can be overridden in subclasses.
     * @return the list of accepted charsets
     */
    protected List<Charset> getAcceptedCharsets() {
        return this.availableCharsets;
    }

    private Charset getContentTypeCharset(MediaType contentType) {
        if (contentType != null && contentType.getCharSet() != null) {
            return contentType.getCharSet();
        }
        else {
            return this.defaultCharset;
        }
    }

}

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方法writeInternal将字符串指定编码输出为响应信息，而这个编码默认的是

public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");

所以需要显示的指定编码private final Charset defaultCharset;

因此在<mvc:annotation-driven/>中指定如下：

<mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">  
        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">  
          <constructor-arg value="UTF-8" />  
        </bean>  
      </mvc:message-converters>  
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

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此时乱码问题解决