一步一步搭建客服系统客户列表 - JS（$.ajax)调用WCF 遇到的各种坑

Posted 2020-09-20 大西瓜3721

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阅读目录

本文以一个生成、获取“客户列表”的demo来介绍如何用js调用wcf，以及遇到的各种问题。

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1 创建WCF服务

1.1 定义接口

创建一个接口，指定用json的格式：

[ServiceContract]
    interface IQueue
    {
        [OperationContract]
        [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped, RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        void Add(string roomName);

        [OperationContract]
        [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Json)]
        List<string> GetAll();
    }

1.2 接口实现

实现上面的接口，并加上AspNetCompatibilityRequirements 和 javascriptCallbackBehavior ：

[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
    [JavascriptCallbackBehavior(UrlParameterName = "callback")]
    public class Queue : IQueue
    {
        static readonly ObjManager<string, ClientQueue> m_Queues;

        static Queue()
        {
            m_Queues = new ObjManager<string, ClientQueue>();
        }

        public void Add(string roomName)
        {
            m_Queues.Add(roomName, new ClientQueue() { CreateTime = DateTime.Now });
        }

        public List<string> GetAll()
        {
            return m_Queues.GetAllQueues().OrderBy(q => q.Value.CreateTime).Select(q => q.Key).ToList();
        }
    }

这里使用了一个静态的构造函数，这样它就只会被调用一次，以免每次调用时都会初始化队列。

1.3 定义服务

添加一个wcf service, 就一行：

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Youda.WebUI.Service.Impl.Queue" CodeBehind="~/Service.Impl/Queue.cs" %>

整体结构如下：

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2 调用WCF

客户端调用Add方法，创建一组对话：

 var data = { \'roomName\': clientID };

            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: "Service/Queue.svc/Add",
                data: JSON.stringify(data),  
                contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                dataType: "json",
                processData: true,
                success: function (msg) {
                    ServiceSucceeded(msg);
                },
                error: ServiceFailed
            });

.
客服端取所有的客户：

$.ajax({
                type: "GET",
                url: "Service/Queue.svc/GetAll",
                contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                dataType: "json",
                processData: true,
                success: function (result) {
                    ServiceSucceeded(result);
                },
                error: ServiceFailed
            });

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3 配置

webconfig配置如下：

<system.serviceModel>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" minFreeMemoryPercentageToActivateService="0" />
    <bindings>
      <webHttpBinding>
        <binding name="HttpBind" openTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:10:00"
          maxBufferSize="5242880" maxBufferPoolSize="5242880" maxReceivedMessageSize="5242880"
          crossDomainScriptAccessEnabled="true" />
        <binding name="HttpsBind" sendTimeout="00:10:00" maxBufferSize="5242880"
          maxReceivedMessageSize="5242880" crossDomainScriptAccessEnabled="true">
          <security mode="Transport">
            <transport clientCredentialType="None" />
          </security>
        </binding>
      </webHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="web">
          <webHttp helpEnabled="true" />
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ServiceBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
        </behavior>
        <behavior name="web">
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehavior" name="Youda.WebUI.Service.Impl.Queue">
        <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
          bindingConfiguration="HttpBind" name="HttpBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IQueue" />
        <endpoint behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
          bindingConfiguration="HttpsBind" name="httpsBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IQueue" />
      </service>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehavior" name="Youda.WebUI.Service.Impl.Chat">
        <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
          bindingConfiguration="HttpBind" name="HttpBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IChat" />
        <endpoint behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
          bindingConfiguration="HttpsBind" name="HttpsBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IChat" />
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>

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4 遇到的各种坑

4.1 Status 为 200， status text为 ok，但报错

http STATUS 是200，但是回调的却是error方法

查了下资料，应该是dataType的原因，dataType为json，但是返回的data不是json格式

于是将ajax方法里把参数dataType："json"去掉就ok了

4.2 Json 数据请求报错（400 错误）

详细的错误信息如下：

Service call failed:

status: 400 ; status text: Bad Request ; response text: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

The server encountered an error processing the request. The exception message is \'The formatter threw an exception while trying to deserialize the message: There was an error while trying to deserialize parameter http://tempuri.org/:content. The InnerException message was \'There was an error deserializing the object of type System.String. Encountered invalid character…

解决方法是，要用JSON.stringify把data转一下，跟

data: \'{"clientID":"\' + clientID + \'", "serviceID":"\' + serviceID + \'", "content":"\' + content + \'"}\',

这样与拼是一样的效果，但明显简单多了

参考上面Add方法的调用。

4.3 参数没传进wcf方法里

调试进了这个方法，但参数全为空，发现用的是webget，改成post后就行了

[OperationContract]

[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]

List<string> GetMsg(string clientID, int count);