JQuery.Ajax()的data参数传递方式

Posted 2020-09-09 pauline

最近，新学c# mvc，通过ajax post方式传递数据到controller。刚开始传递参数，controller中总是为null。现记录一下，可能不全，纯粹记个学习日记。

重点在于参数的方式，代码为例子

1、这里  dataType: "json"，表示返回的格式是json

前端： 
 var saveAlbum = function () {

            $.ajax(
            {
                url: "/Home/PostAlbum",
                type: "POST",
                dataType: "json",
                data: { AlbumName: "shanghai", Entered: "5/9/2013" },
                success: function (result) {
                    alert(result);
                },
                error: function (xhr, status, p3, p4) {
                    var err = "Error " + " " + status + " " + p3;
                    if (xhr.responseText && xhr.responseText[0] == "{")
                        err = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText).message;
                    alert(err);
                }
            });
        }

 controller： 

public ActionResult PostAlbum(test test)
        {
            string str = String.Format("保存成功PostAlbum：{0} {1:d}", test.AlbumName, test.Entered);
            return Json(str);//--------对应请求中dataType: "json"，表示需要返回json类型
            //return String.Format("保存成功PostAlbum：{0} {1:d}", test.AlbumName, test.Entered);//------如果是string，则会报错
        }

2、ajax请求中还要一个重要的参数： contentType: "application/json",表示传入参数的格式

 var saveAlbumJson = function () {
          
            $.ajax(
            {
                url: "/Home/PostAlbum",
                type: "POST",
                contentType: "application/json",
                dataType:"json",
                data: JSON.stringify({ "AlbumName": "shanghai", "Entered": "5/9/2013" }),
                success: function (result) {
                    alert(result);
                },
                error: function (xhr, status, p3, p4) {
                    var err = "Error " + " " + status + " " + p3;
                    if (xhr.responseText && xhr.responseText[0] == "{")
                        err = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText).message;
                    alert(err);
                }
            });
        }

 [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult PostAlbum(test test)
        {
            string str = String.Format("保存成功PostAlbum：{0} {1:d}", test.AlbumName, test.Entered);//传入test实体
            return Json(str);
            //return String.Format("保存成功PostAlbum：{0} {1:d}", test.AlbumName, test.Entered);
        }

 public class test
    {
        public string AlbumName { get; set; }
        public DateTime Entered { get; set; }
    }

3、如果要传入list<实体>，比如List<test>,需要把传入的data做转换

   var saveAlbumJsonList = function () {
            $.ajax(
            {
                url: "/Home/AlbumList",
                type: "POST",
                contentType: "application/json",
                dataType: "json",
                data: JSON.stringify({"input":[{ AlbumName: "shanghai", Entered: "5/9/2013" },{...},{....}]}),
                success: function (result) {
                    alert(result);
                },
                error: function (xhr, status, p3, p4) {
                    var err = "Error " + " " + status + " " + p3;
                    if (xhr.responseText && xhr.responseText[0] == "{")
                        err = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText).message;
                    alert(err);
                }
            });
        }

  public ActionResult PostAlbumList(List<test> input)//input必须要与data中数组中的key匹配
        {
            if (input != null)
            {
                string str = String.Format("保存成功PostAlbum：{0} {1:d}", input[0].AlbumName, input[0].Entered);
                return Json(str);
            }else
            {
                return Json("参数获取错误！");
            }
            //return String.Format("保存成功PostAlbum：{0} {1:d}", test.AlbumName, test.Entered);
        }

4、由上面三个例子，很容易想到，传入多个list<实体>的方式

  function postEmployees() {
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: "/Home/Employees",
                contentType: "application/json",
                dataType: "json",
                async: false,
                data: JSON.stringify({
                    "Employees": [{ "Id": "1", "lastName": "Gates" }, { "Id": "2", "lastName": "Bush" }, { "Id": "3", "lastName": "Carter" }],
                    "Employers": [{ "Id": "4", "lastName": "Gates" }, { "Id": "5", "lastName": "Bush" }, { "Id": "6", "lastName": "Carter" }]
                }),
                success: function (jsonResult) {
                    alert(jsonResult);
                }
            });
        }

  [HttpPost]
        public async Task<ActionResult> Employees(List<Employee> Employees, List<Employee> Employers)
        {
            return Json("Employees", JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
        }

 public class Employee
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string FirstName { get; set; }

        public string LastName { get; set; }
    }