springboot中使用h2数据库（内存模式）

Posted 2021-03-24 理舞

使用H2的优点，不需要装有服务端和客户端，在项目中包含一个jar即可，加上初始化的SQL就可以使用数据库了

在springboot中引入，我的版本是2.1.4，里面就包含有h2的版本控制

        <!-- 集成h2数据库 -->
        <dependency>
           <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
           <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
           <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

在pom文件中，一般我都包含了下面一段

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/**</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    <include>**/*.tld</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

截图：

h2数据库的配置：application-h2.properties

#spring.datasource.url = jdbc:h2:file:~/.h2/testdb
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:activiti;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=1000
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password= 
spring.datasource.schema=classpath:db/schema.sql
spring.datasource.data=classpath:db/data.sql

如果数据文件有多个，使用逗号拼接就可以了，spring.datasource.data=classpath:db/data.sql,classpath:db/data2.sql

db/data.sql内容：

insert into mytest(name) values(\'TheoryDance\');

schema.sql内容：

create table mytest(id int primary key auto_increment, name varchar(20) not null);

在测试类中添加一个测试方法

package com.grand.mysql_handler;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import com.grand.mysql_handler.mapper.SystemMapper;

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class MyRestTest2 {
    
    @Resource
    private SystemMapper systemMapper;
    
    @Test
    public void testH2() {
        List<Map<String,Object>> list = systemMapper.selectBySql("select * from mytest");
        System.out.println(list);
    }
    
}

其中SysMapper.java内容如下（使用的Mybatis连接数据库）：

package com.grand.mysql_handler.mapper;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;

@Mapper
public interface SystemMapper {

    @Insert("${sql}")
    int insertBySql(@Param("sql")String sql);
    @Delete("${sql}")
    int deleteBySql(@Param("sql")String sql);
    @Update("${sql}")
    int updateBySql(@Param("sql")String sql);
    @Select("${sql}")
    List<Map<String,Object>> selectBySql(@Param("sql")String sql);
    @Select("${sql}")
    Map<String,Object> selectOneBySql(@Param("sql")String sql);

}

 测试结果：