1、多对一处理
多对一:
- 多个学生,对应一个老师
- 对于学生这边而言, 关联 .. 多个学生,关联一个老师 【多对一】
- 对于老师而言, 集合 , 一个老师,有很多学生 【一对多】
搭建环境
-
创建
Teacher
,Student
表并插入-
Teacher
表CREATE TABLE `teacher` ( `id` INT(10) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, \'秦老师\');
-
Student
表并插入CREATE TABLE `student` ( `id` INT(10) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL, `tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `fktid` (`tid`), CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`) ) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (\'1\', \'小明\', \'1\'); INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (\'2\', \'小红\', \'1\'); INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (\'3\', \'小张\', \'1\'); INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (\'4\', \'小李\', \'1\'); INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (\'5\', \'小王\', \'1\');
-
-
导入lombok
<dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.10</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
-
新建实体类 Teacher,Student
-
Teacher
类package com.jiang.pojo; import lombok.Data; import java.util.List; @Data public class Teacher { private int id; private String name; //一个老师拥有多个学生 private List<Student> students; }
-
Student
类package com.jiang.pojo; import lombok.Data; @Data public class Student { private int id; private String name; private int tid; }
-
-
建立Mapper接口
Teacher
接口//获取指定老师下的所有学生及老师的信息 Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id); Teacher getTeacher2(@Param("tid") int id);
-
建立Mapper.XML文件
-
在核心配置文件中绑定注册我们的Mapper接口或者文件!
-
测试查询是否能够成功!
按照查询嵌套处理
<!--
思路:
1. 查询所有的学生信息
2. 根据查询出来的学生的tid,寻找对应的老师! 子查询
-->
<select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
select * from student
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
<result property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
<!--复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理 对象: association 集合: collection -->
<association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
select * from teacher where id = #{id}
</select>
按照结果嵌套处理
<!--按照结果嵌套处理-->
<select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid = t.id;
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
2、一对多处理
比如:一个老师拥有多个学生!
对于老师而言,就是一对多的关系!
环境搭建
和上面一样
实体类
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private int tid;
}
@Data
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
//一个老师拥有多个学生
private List<Student> students;
}
按照结果嵌套处理
<!--按结果嵌套查询-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
select s.id sid, s.name sname, t.name tname,t.id tid
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid = t.id and t.id = #{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
<result property="id" column="tid"/>
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
<!--复杂的属性,我们需要单独处理 对象: association 集合: collection
javaType="" 指定属性的类型!
集合中的泛型信息,我们使用ofType获取
-->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<result property="tid" column="tid"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
按照查询嵌套处理
<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
<collection property="students" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTeacherId" column="id"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
select * from mybatis.student where tid = #{tid}
</select>
小结
- 关联 - association 【多对一】
- 集合 - collection 【一对多】
- javaType & ofType
- JavaType 用来指定实体类中属性的类型
- ofType 用来指定映射到List或者集合中的 pojo类型,泛型中的约束类型!
注意点:
- 保证SQL的可读性,尽量保证通俗易懂
- 注意一对多和多对一中,属性名和字段的问题!
- 如果问题不好排查错误,可以使用日志 , 建议使用 Log4j