Java实验报告五
一、题目
(一)抽象类的使用
1.设计一个类层次,定义一个抽象类--形状,其中包括有求形状的面积的抽象方法。 继承该抽象类定义三角型、矩形、圆。 分别创建一个三角形、矩形、圆存对象,将各类图形的面积输出。
注:三角形面积s=sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c)) 其中,a,b,c为三条边,p=(a+b+c)/2
2.编程技巧
(1)抽象类定义的方法在具体类要实现;
(2)使用抽象类的引用变量可引用子类的对象;
(3)通过父类引用子类对象,通过该引用访问对象方法时实际用的是子类的方法。可将所有对象存入到父类定义的数组中。
(二)使用接口技术
1.定义接口Shape,其中包括一个方法size(),设计“直线”、“圆”、类实现Shape接口。分别创建一个“直线”、“圆”对象,将各类图形的大小输出。
2.编程技巧
(1)接口中定义的方法在实现接口的具体类中要重写实现;
(2)利用接口类型的变量可引用实现该接口的类创建的对象。
二、实验代码
(一)抽象类的使用
public abstract class Shape {
public void Area() {
System.out.println(this.getArea());
}
public abstract String getArea();
}
public class Triangle extends Shape {
private double a, b, c;
public double getA() {
return a;
}
public void setA(double a) {
this.a = a;
}
public double getB() {
return b;
}
public void setB(double b) {
this.b = b;
}
public double getC() {
return c;
}
public void setC(double c) {
this.c = c;
}
public Triangle(double a, double b, double c) {
super();
this.a = a;
this.b = b;
this.c = c;
}
public String getArea() {
double p = (a + b + c) / 2;
return "三角形面积:" + Math.sqrt(p * (p - a) * (p - b) * (p - c));
}
}
public class Rectangle extends Shape {
private double length;
private double width;
public double getLength() {
return length;
}
public void setLength(double length) {
this.length = length;
}
public double getWidth() {
return width;
}
public void setWidth(double width) {
this.width = width;
}
public Rectangle(double length, double width) {
super();
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}
public String getArea() {
return "矩形面积:" + this.width * this.length;
}
}
public class Circle extends Shape {
private double r;
public double getR() {
return r;
}
public void setR(double r) {
this.r = r;
}
public Circle(double r) {
super();
this.r = r;
}
public String getArea() {
return "圆形面积:" + Math.PI * r * r;
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape shape1 = new Triangle(2, 2, 2);
Shape shape2 = new Rectangle(2, 3);
Shape shape3 = new Circle(2);
shape1.Area();
shape2.Area();
shape3.Area();
}
}
(二)使用接口技术
public interface Shape {
public void size();
}
public class Line implements Shape {
private double length;
public double getLength() {
return length;
}
public void setLength(double length) {
this.length = length;
}
public Line(double length) {
super();
this.length = length;
}
public void size() {
System.out.println("直线大小:" + length + "米");
}
}
public class Circle implements Shape {
private double r;
public double getR() {
return r;
}
public void setR(double r) {
this.r = r;
}
public Circle(double r) {
super();
this.r = r;
}
public void size() {
System.out.println("圆的大小:" + Math.PI * r * r + "平方米");
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape shape1=new Line(1);
Shape shape2=new Circle(2);
shape1.size();
shape2.size();
}
}