Java微信开发基本数据的获取
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本文主要实例JAVA获取微信小程序openid和获取公众号openid，以及通过openid获取用户信息!
微信官网文档链接:https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/OA_Web_Apps/Wechat_webpage_authorization.html
前端有个wx.login({
success: res =>{
res.code //直接可以获取到code的默认每五分钟一次.
一，微信的openid
为了识别用户，每个用户针对每个公众号会产生一个安全的OpenID，如果需要在多公众号、移动应用之间做用户共通，则需前往微信开放平台，将这些公众号和应用绑定到一个开放平台账号下，绑定后，一个用户虽然对多个公众号和应用有多个不同的OpenID，但他对所有这些同一开放平台账号下的公众号和应用，只有一个UnionID.
简单点说:你在每个公众号或者小程序 都是在这个小程序或者这个公众号下会有一个openid 你去别的公众号或者小程序这个是会改变的 但是unionid是不管你在哪个小程序或者公众号是唯一不变的。
微信官方提供了了一个可以通过用户的openid来获取用户信息，前提是用户必须关注了你的公众号，这个就先不说了吧，现在我们要说的问题是如何获取openid
二，小程序获取openid
1 /**
2 * 微信小程序获取openid
3 *
4 */
5 public class GetOpenIDUtil {
6 // 网页授权接口
7 // public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";//
8 // public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
9 public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code";
10 public static Map<String,Object> oauth2GetOpenid(String appid,String code,String appsecret) {
11 String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("APPID", appid).replace("SECRET", appsecret).replace("CODE", code);
12 HttpClient client = null;
13 Map<String,Object> result =new HashMap<String,Object>();
14 try {
15 client = new DefaultHttpClient();
16 HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
17 ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
18 String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
19 JSONObject OpenidJSONO=JSONObject.fromObject(response);
20 String openid =String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid"));
21 String session_key=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("session_key"));
22 String unionid=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("unionid"));
23 String errcode=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("errcode"));
24 String errmsg=String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("errmsg"));
25
26 result.put("openid", openid);
27 result.put("sessionKey", session_key);
28 result.put("unionid", unionid);
29 result.put("errcode", errcode);
30 result.put("errmsg", errmsg);
31 } catch (Exception e) {
32 e.printStackTrace();
33 } finally {
34 client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
35 }
36 return result;
37 }
38 }
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/** * 小程序换取openid * * @param code 识别得到用户id必须的一个值 得到网页授权凭证和用户id * @return */ @RequestMapping("/get/openid") public @ResponseBody Object GetOpenid(String 你的小程序APPID, String code, String 你的小程序秘钥) { if (code == null || code.length() == 0) { throw new CustomException("code不能为空!"); } return GetOpenIDUtil.oauth2GetOpenid(appid, code, appsecret); }<br>这个code的话我这个一般是前端生成比较好，所以你后台的话，把接口给前端，让他那边传个code， |
三，获取公众号openid
1 public class HttpGetUtil {
2 public static String httpRequestToString(String url,
3 Map<String,String> params) {
4 String result = null;
5 try {
6 InputStream is = httpRequestToStream(url, params);
7 BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,
8 "UTF-8"));
9 StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
10 String line = "";
11 while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
12 buffer.append(line);
13 }
14 result = buffer.toString();
15 } catch (Exception e) {
16 return null;
17 }
18 return result;
19 }
20
21 private static InputStream httpRequestToStream(String url,
22 Map<String, String> params) {
23 InputStream is = null;
24 try {
25 String parameters = "";
26 boolean hasParams = false;
27 for(String key : params.keySet()){
28 String value = null;
29 try {
30 value = URLEncoder.encode(params.get(key), "UTF-8");
31 } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
32 e.printStackTrace();
33 }
34 parameters += key +"="+ value +"&";
35 hasParams = true;
36 }
37 if(hasParams){
38 parameters = parameters.substring(0, parameters.length()-1);
39 }
40
41
42 url += "?"+ parameters;
43
44 URL u = new URL(url);
45 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
46 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
47 conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");
48 conn.setRequestProperty("contentType", "utf-8");
49 conn.setConnectTimeout(50000);
50 conn.setReadTimeout(50000);
51 conn.setDoInput(true);
52 //设置请求方式，默认为GET
53 conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
54
55
56 is = conn.getInputStream();
57 } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
58 e.printStackTrace();
59 } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
60 e.printStackTrace();
61 } catch (IOException e) {
62 e.printStackTrace();
63 }
64 return is;
65 }
66
67 public static String GetCodeRequest1 = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=APPID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=SCOPE&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
68 public static String getCodeRequest(String appid){
69 HttpClient client = null;
70 String result = null;
71 String appId = appid;
72 String REDIRECT_URI= "";//回调请求地址
73 String SCOPE="snsapi_base";
74
75 GetCodeRequest1 = GetCodeRequest1.replace("APPID", urlEnodeUTF8(appId));
76 GetCodeRequest1 = GetCodeRequest1.replace("REDIRECT_URI",urlEnodeUTF8(REDIRECT_URI));
77 GetCodeRequest1 = GetCodeRequest1.replace("SCOPE", SCOPE);
78 result = GetCodeRequest1;
79
80 System.out.println(REDIRECT_URI);
81
82 return result;
83 }
84 public static String urlEnodeUTF8(String str){
85 String result = str;
86 try {
87 result = URLEncoder.encode(str,"UTF-8");
88 } catch (Exception e) {
89 e.printStackTrace();
90 }
91 return result;
92 }
93 }
@RequestMapping("/get/gzh/openid")
public @ResponseBody
String GetGZHOpenid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String code = request.getParameter("code");//获取code
Map params = new HashMap();
params.put("secret", 你的公众号秘钥);
params.put("appid", 你的公众号APPID);
params.put("grant_type", "authorization_code");
params.put("code", code);
String result = HttpGetUtil.httpRequestToString(
"https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token", params);
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
String openid = jsonObject.get("openid").toString();
LOGGER.debug("code------" + code);
LOGGER.debug("得到的openid为:" + openid);
return openid;
}
四，通过微信获取的openid来获取用户信息
1 /**
2 * 获取accessToken
3 *
4 */
5 public class GetAccessTokenUtil {
6 // 网页授权接口
7 public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
8 public static Map<String, String> getAccessToken(String appid, String appsecret) {
9 String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);
10 HttpClient client = null;
11 Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<String, String>();
12 String accessToken = null;
13 try {
14 client = new DefaultHttpClient();
15 HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
16 ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
17 String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
18 JSONObject OpenidJSONO = JSONObject.fromObject(response);
19 accessToken = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("access_token"));
20 result.put("accessToken", accessToken);
21 } catch (Exception e) {
22 e.printStackTrace();
23 } finally {
24 client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
25 }
26 return result;
27 }
28 }
//通过openid获取用户的信息，这个看你需要获取用户的哪些信息,这个是微信官方的获取unionid机制 用户信息public class GetBasicInformation {
// 网页授权接口
public final static String GetPageAccessTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN";
public static Map<String, String> getAccessToken(String access_token, String openid) {
String requestUrl = GetPageAccessTokenUrl.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", access_token).replace("OPENID", openid);
HttpClient client = null;
Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<String, String>();
try {
client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(requestUrl);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
String response = client.execute(httpget, responseHandler);
JSONObject OpenidJSONO = JSONObject.fromObject(response);
// String accessToken = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("access_token"));
String subscribe = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("subscribe"));
String nickname = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("nickname")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String sex = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("sex"));
String language = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("language"));
String city = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("city")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String province = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("province")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String country = new String(String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("country")).getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String headimgurl = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("headimgurl"));
String subscribeTime = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("subscribe_time"));
String unionid = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("unionid"));
// String openid = String.valueOf(OpenidJSONO.get("openid"));
// result.put("accessToken", accessToken);
result.put("subscribe", subscribe);
result.put("nickname", nickname);
result.put("sex", sex);
result.put("language", language);
result.put("city", city);
result.put("province", province);
result.put("country", country);
result.put("headimgurl", headimgurl);
result.put("subscribeTime", subscribeTime);
result.put("unionid", unionid);
// System.out.println(accessToken+"==================="+unionid);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
return result;
}
}
1 /**
2 * 微信公众号获取微信unionid和其他个人信息 需要关注公众号
3 *
4 * @param openid
5 * @return
6 */
7 @RequestMapping("/basic/Information")
8 public @ResponseBody
9 Map basicInformation(String openid) {
10 //得到access_token
11 String accessToken = GetAccessTokenUtil.getAccessToken(你的公众号APPID, 你的公众号APPID对应的秘钥).get("accessToken");
12 LOGGER.debug("accessToken------" + accessToken);
13 return GetBasicInformation.getAccessToken(accessToken, openid);
14 }
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