SpringBoot实战一：发送邮件

Posted 2021-02-08 蜀云泉

目录

• 邮件协议
• 引入邮件包
• 创建邮件类和测试类，写yml文件
• 文本邮件，HTML邮件，附件邮件，图片邮件
• 模板邮件

来进行一个SpringBoot项目的实战，发送一下邮件，这里我们先了解一下邮件的协议

邮件协议

1. SMTP协议：简单邮件传输协议 (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)，邮件从一台服务器传送到另一台服务器
2. POP3协议：邮局协议版本3(Post Office Protocol - Version 3)，将邮件从服务器下载下来，服务器端邮件删除
3. IMAP协议：邮件访问协议(Internet Mail Access Protocol)，将邮件从服务器下载下来，服务器端邮件保留，并且和客户端状态保持一致
4. Mime协议：多用途互联网邮件扩展类型(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)，使二进制传输变简单

引入邮件包

使用Maven引入mail包

   <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
  </dependency>

创建邮件类和测试类，写yml文件

创建一个邮件类：MailService，在类上右键，Go To Test就可以创建测试类了。内容待会慢慢讲，我们先来配置一下配置文件，默认的是application.properties，我比较喜欢yml，所以改为yml，如下：

spring:
  mail:
    host: smtp.qq.com
    username: [email protected]
    password: *******************
    default-encoding: utf-8

host就是啥邮箱，如果是网易的话就自己改为smtp.163.com，其他的就自己改

username就是你的邮箱账号

password是授权码，不是你邮箱的密码，是授权码，在邮箱里面可以获取到，我打码了

最后的编码格式没啥讲的

文本邮件，html邮件，附件邮件，图片邮件

package com.vae.springboot.study.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

@Service
public class MailService {

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String form;

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    //文本邮件
    public void  sendSimpleMail(String to,String subject,String content){
        SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage=new SimpleMailMessage();
        simpleMailMessage.setTo(to);
        simpleMailMessage.setSubject(subject);
        simpleMailMessage.setText(content);
        simpleMailMessage.setFrom(form);
        mailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
    }

    //HTML邮件
    public void sendHTMLMail(String to,String subject,String content) throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage=mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper=new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
        helper.setTo(to);
        helper.setSubject(subject);
        helper.setText(content,true);
        helper.setFrom(form);
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }

    //附件邮件
    public void sendAttachmentMail(String to,String subject,String content,String filePath) throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage=mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper=new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
        helper.setTo(to);
        helper.setSubject(subject);
        helper.setText(content,true);
        helper.setFrom(form);
        FileSystemResource file=new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
        String fileName=file.getFilename();
        helper.addAttachment(fileName,file);
        //helper.addAttachment(fileName+"02",file);  如果是多个附件的话，可以这样写。但是开发中一般都是把filepath做成一个数组，这样在这里遍历就可以了
        //helper.addAttachment(fileName+"03",file);

        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }

    //图片邮件
    public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to,String subject,String content,String rscPath,String rscId) throws MessagingException {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage=mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper=new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
        helper.setTo(to);
        helper.setSubject(subject);
        helper.setText(content,true);
        helper.setFrom(form);
        FileSystemResource file=new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
        helper.addInline(rscId,file);

        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }
}

都写在这里了，没什么好讲的，测试类也很简单

package com.vae.springboot.study.service;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class MailServiceTest {

    @Resource
    MailService mailService;

    @Test
    public void MailTest(){
        mailService.sendSimpleMail("发给别人@qq.com","文本","这是文本邮件");
    }

    @Test
    public void HtmlMailTest() throws MessagingException {
        String content="<html><body><h3>我是html邮件</h3></body></html>";
        mailService.sendHTMLMail("发给别人@qq.com","HTML",content);
    }

    @Test
    public void AttachmentsMailTest() throws MessagingException {
        String filePath="D:\error.2019-02-10.log";
        mailService.sendAttachmentMail("发给别人@qq.com","附件","这个是附件邮件",filePath);
    }

    @Test
    public void InlineResourceMailTest() throws MessagingException {
        String imagePath="D:\Vae.JPG";
        String rscId="Vae";
        String content="<html><body>这是图片邮件<img src='cid:"+rscId+"'></img></body></html>";
        mailService.sendInlineResourceMail("发给别人@qq.com","图片",content,imagePath,rscId);
    }

}

模板邮件

待续。。。