SpringBoot系列: Actuator监控

Posted 2021-01-13 harrychinese 刘忠武

Sprng Boot 2 actuator变动加大, 网上很多资料都都已经过期.  

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配置项
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在 application.properties 配置文件, actuator 的设置项 management.endpoints(设置 actuator 全局级的属性) 和 management.endpoint(设置 具体endpoint 属性) 开头.

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全局级的控制
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#定制管理功能的 port, 如果端口为 -1 代表不暴露管理功能 over HTTP
management.server.port=8081      
# 设定 /actuator 入口路径
management.endpoints.web.base-path=/actuator            
# 所有endpoint缺省为禁用状态
management.endpoints.enabled-by-default=false           
# 暴露所有的endpoint, 但 shutdown 需要显示enable才暴露, * 表示全部, 如果多个的话,用逗号隔开
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*           
# 排除暴露 loggers和beans endpoint
management.endpoints.web.exposure.exclude=loggers,beans 
# 定制化 health 端点的访问路径
management.endpoints.web.path-mapping.health=healthcheck  

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endpoint 级别的控制
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所有的endpoint都有 enabled 属性, 可以按需开启或关闭特定端点.

#启用 shutdown
management.endpoint.shutdown.enabled=true    

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重点关注 health 端点一些配置项
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management.endpoint.health.enabled=true
#show-details属性的取值有: never/always/when-authorized, 默认值是 never
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always  
#增加磁盘空间health 统计, 还有其他health indicator
management.health.diskspace.enabled=true  

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actuator 缺省的设置
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缺省 actuator 的根路径为 /actuator
缺省仅开放 health 和 info, 其他都不开放.
有些 endpoint 是GET, 有些是POST方法, 比如 health 为GET, shutdown 为 POST, 从SpringBoot程序启动日志中, 可以看出到底有哪些endpoint被开启.

 

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endpoint 清单
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actuator 支持的所有 endpoint, 可以查官网 https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/production-ready-endpoints.html

下面是一些重要的端点,(以访问路径列出):
/actuator: actuator 严格地说不能算 endpoint, /actuator 返回要给 endpoint 的清单.
/actuator/health: 展现系统运行状态, 在和spring cloud consul集成时候, 就使用该端点检查Spring应用的状态.
/actuator/metric/: 显示更全面的系统指标
/actuator/configprops:展现 SpringBoot 配置项
/actuator/env: 显示系统变量和SpringBoot应用变量
/actuator/httptrace: 显示最近100条 request-response 信息

 

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简单示例
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pom 加上 actuator 依赖, 注意不加 spring-boot-starter-security.

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

 

application.properties 内容如下,

management.endpoints.enabled-by-default=true
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoints.web.exposure.exclude=loggers,beans

management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
management.health.diskspace.enabled=true
management.health.enabled=true

该项目不需要手写任何 java 代码的情况下, 已有了监控检查功能, 访问 http://localhost:8080/actuator/health 即可. 

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加上 spring-boot-starter-security 安全控制
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接上面示例project, 增加了 pring-boot-starter-security 依赖项. 

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
    </dependency>

增加了 pring-boot-starter-security 依赖项后, 再访问 health 端点将会跳转到一个 login 界面, 实际情况往往是我们总是希望 health 能被自由地访问到, 比如被监控系统访问. 这时需要做的是, 创建一个基于 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 的配置类, 在其鉴权configure()方法中, 开启对特定 actuator 端点的访问许可.

@Configuration
public class ActuatorSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    /*
        This spring security configuration does the following

        1. Restrict access to the Shutdown endpoint to the ACTUATOR_ADMIN role.
        2. Allow access to all other actuator endpoints.
        3. Allow access to static resources.
        4. Allow access to the home page (/).
        5. All other requests need to be authenticated.
        5. Enable http basic authentication to make the configuration complete.
           You are free to use any other form of authentication.
     */

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
                http.authorizeRequests()
                    .requestMatchers(EndpointRequest.to(ShutdownEndpoint.class)).hasRole("ACTUATOR_ADMIN")
                    .requestMatchers(EndpointRequest.toAnyEndpoint()).permitAll()
                    .requestMatchers(PathRequest.toStaticResources().atCommonLocations()).permitAll()
                    .antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                    .antMatchers("/**").authenticated()
                    .and()
                    .httpBasic();
    }
}

 

在 application.properties 先简单设置spring security 相关属性, 然后运行程序, 访问 http://localhost:8080/actuator/health 进行测试. 

# Spring Security Default user name and password
spring.security.user.name=actuator
spring.security.user.password=actuator
spring.security.user.roles=ACTUATOR_ADMIN 

 

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参考
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Spring Boot Actuator: Health check, Auditing, Metrics gathering and Monitoring
https://www.callicoder.com/spring-boot-actuator/
springboot(十九)：使用Spring Boot Actuator监控应用
http://www.ityouknow.com/springboot/2018/02/06/spring-boot-actuator.html
Spring Boot Actuator监控端点小结
http://blog.didispace.com/spring-boot-actuator-1/
老司机的应用级监控——spring actuator
https://www.jianshu.com/p/c043d3c71f47
Spring Boot Actuator in Spring Boot 2.0
https://dzone.com/articles/spring-boot-actuator-in-spring-boot-20
SpringBoot-Actuator-加SpringSecurity验证
https://blog.csdn.net/goldenfish1919/article/details/78130516