springboot情操陶冶-jmx解析

Posted 2020-12-28 南柯问天

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承接前文springboot情操陶冶-@Configuration注解解析，近期笔者接触的项目中有使用到了jmx的协议框架，遂在前文的基础上讲解下springboot中是如何整合jmx的

知识储备

JMX：Java Management Extension(Java管理应用扩展)，这种机制可以方便的管理、监控正在运行的Java程序。常用于监控管理线程、内存、日志Level、服务重启、系统环境等等。
更多的知识点参考此篇文献：https://blog.csdn.net/u013256816/article/details/52800742。笔者此处引用其中的框架图方便理解
jmx_frame

JmxAutoConfiguration

springboot通过在META-INF\\spring.factories文件指定EnableAutoConfiguration属性值为JmxAutoConfiguration，便基本搭建了jmx的框架模子。听起来挺神奇的，笔者这就分析源码来一窥究竟

注解

首先看下JmxAutoConfiguration头上的注解

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ MBeanExporter.class })
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.jmx", name = "enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
public class JmxAutoConfiguration implements EnvironmentAware, BeanFactoryAware {
｝

由上可知，要想使jmx环境生效，前提为

classpath环境得存在org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter类

环境变量spring.jmx.enabled设置为true，默认为true

一般引入springboot上述条件均是满足的，只是用户可通过spring.jmx.enabled属性来开关启jmx环境

@Bean方法

其下有三个方法，分别被@Bean和@Conditional注解所修饰。笔者依次来进行解读

JmxAutoConfiguration#objectNamingStrategy()-获取ObjectName的生成策略

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = ObjectNamingStrategy.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
	public ParentAwareNamingStrategy objectNamingStrategy() {
		// create namingStrategy
		ParentAwareNamingStrategy namingStrategy = new ParentAwareNamingStrategy(
				new AnnotationJmxAttributeSource());
		// have a try to read environment property \'spring.jmx.default-domain\'
		String defaultDomain = this.environment.getProperty("spring.jmx.default-domain");
		if (StringUtils.hasLength(defaultDomain)) {
			namingStrategy.setDefaultDomain(defaultDomain);
		}
		return namingStrategy;
	}

上述代码也很简单，其中环境变量spring.jmx.default-domain代表jmx默认的域挂载。

如果@ManagedResource没有指定objectName属性或者beanName不符合jmx语法，则默认选取当前类的包名作为objectName

JmxAutoConfiguration#mbeanServer()-创建MBeanServer

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean
	public MBeanServer mbeanServer() {
		// 1.first to search classpath exsit \'weblogic.management.Helper\'/\'com.ibm.websphere.management.AdminServiceFactory\' class if or not  
		SpecificPlatform platform = SpecificPlatform.get();
		if (platform != null) {
			return platform.getMBeanServer();
		}
		// 2.via MBeanServerFactoryBean to create MBeanServer
		MBeanServerFactoryBean factory = new MBeanServerFactoryBean();
		factory.setLocateExistingServerIfPossible(true);
		factory.afterPropertiesSet();
		return factory.getObject();
	}

笔者此处只关注MBeanServerFactoryBean是如何创建mbeanserver的，直接去看下其实现的afterPropertiesSet()方法

	@Override
	public void afterPropertiesSet() throws MBeanServerNotFoundException {
		// 1.尝试去找寻已存在的mbeanserver
		if (this.locateExistingServerIfPossible || this.agentId != null) {
			try {
				this.server = locateMBeanServer(this.agentId);
			}
			catch (MBeanServerNotFoundException ex) {

				if (this.agentId != null) {
					throw ex;
				}
				logger.info("No existing MBeanServer found - creating new one");
			}
		}

		// 2.如果上述不存在mbeanserver，则调用jmx api生成mbeanserver
		if (this.server == null) {
			this.server = createMBeanServer(this.defaultDomain, this.registerWithFactory);
			this.newlyRegistered = this.registerWithFactory;
		}
	}

主要调用jmx api的MBeanServerFactory.createMBeanServer()方法创建mbeanserver，具体的创建过程笔者就不深究了，感兴趣的读者可自行分析

JmxAutoConfiguration#mbeanExporter()-创建mbeanExporter
源码如下

	@Bean
	@Primary
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = MBeanExporter.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
	public AnnotationMBeanExporter mbeanExporter(ObjectNamingStrategy namingStrategy) {
		// 1.创建注解类型的AnnotationMBeanExporter，表明采取注解方式加载mbean
		AnnotationMBeanExporter exporter = new AnnotationMBeanExporter();
		exporter.setRegistrationPolicy(RegistrationPolicy.FAIL_ON_EXISTING);
		// 2.set above namingStrategy
		exporter.setNamingStrategy(namingStrategy);
		// 3.set mbeanserver via spring applicationContext
		String serverBean = this.environment.getProperty("spring.jmx.server",
				"mbeanServer");
		if (StringUtils.hasLength(serverBean)) {
			exporter.setServer(this.beanFactory.getBean(serverBean, MBeanServer.class));
		}
		return exporter;
	}

创建AnnotationMBeanExporter类来读取注解方式的mbean，并优先从spring上下文读取mbeanserver。

环境变量spring.jmx.server如果没有指定的话则默认读取beanName为\'mbeanServer\'的MBeanServer对象，这与JmxAutoConfiguration#mbeanServer()方法注册的bean不谋而合

通过上述的分析可得，笔者发现最终暴露给外界调用jmx协议是通过AnnotationMBeanExporter来完成的，其里面也蕴含了解析mbean相关注解的玄机

AnnotationMBeanExporter

其实现的常用接口有InitializingBean/SmartInitializingSingleton/DisposableBean以及MBeanExportOperations

构造函数

	public AnnotationMBeanExporter() {
		setNamingStrategy(this.metadataNamingStrategy);
		setAssembler(this.metadataAssembler);
		setAutodetectMode(AUTODETECT_ALL);
	}

主要是设置基础的属性

afterPropertiesSet()

InitializingBean接口实现类如下

	@Override
	public void afterPropertiesSet() {
		// have a try to find exsiting mbeanserver
		if (this.server == null) {
			this.server = JmxUtils.locateMBeanServer();
		}
	}

afterSingletonsInstantiated()

SmartInitializingSingleton接口实现类如下

	@Override
	public void afterSingletonsInstantiated() {
		try {
			logger.info("Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup");
			registerBeans();
			registerNotificationListeners();
		}
		catch (RuntimeException ex) {
			// Unregister beans already registered by this exporter.
			unregisterNotificationListeners();
			unregisterBeans();
			throw ex;
		}
	}

此处的registerBeans()方法便是mbeanserver去注册mbean的过程，可以继续跟踪下

	protected void registerBeans() {
		// The beans property may be null, for example if we are relying solely on autodetection.
		if (this.beans == null) {
			this.beans = new HashMap<>();
			// Use AUTODETECT_ALL as default in no beans specified explicitly.
			if (this.autodetectMode == null) {
				this.autodetectMode = AUTODETECT_ALL;
			}
		}

		// Perform autodetection, if desired.
		int mode = (this.autodetectMode != null ? this.autodetectMode : AUTODETECT_NONE);
		if (mode != AUTODETECT_NONE) {
			if (this.beanFactory == null) {
				throw new MBeanExportException("Cannot autodetect MBeans if not running in a BeanFactory");
			}
			if (mode == AUTODETECT_MBEAN || mode == AUTODETECT_ALL) {
				// Autodetect any beans that are already MBeans.
				logger.debug("Autodetecting user-defined JMX MBeans");
				autodetect(this.beans, (beanClass, beanName) -> isMBean(beanClass));
			}
			// Allow the assembler a chance to vote for bean inclusion.
			if ((mode == AUTODETECT_ASSEMBLER || mode == AUTODETECT_ALL) &&
					this.assembler instanceof AutodetectCapableMBeanInfoAssembler) {
				autodetect(this.beans, ((AutodetectCapableMBeanInfoAssembler) this.assembler)::includeBean);
			}
		}

		// mbeanserver register mbeans
		if (!this.beans.isEmpty()) {
			this.beans.forEach((beanName, instance) -> registerBeanNameOrInstance(instance, beanName));
		}
	}

避免代码过长带来的视觉疲劳，笔者此处对关键方法作下总结

autodetect()方法的作用是遍历bean工厂上的所有beanDefinition，找寻符合条件的beans作为后续的mbeans注册。找寻条件归结如下
- 携带@MBean注解的类
- DynamicBean接口实现类
- *MBean接口的实现类
- 携带@ManagedResource注解的类
registerBeanNameOrInstance()方法则会对符合条件的beans进行mbean的注册操作，操作步骤如下
1). 根据类上的@ManagedResource注解的属性objectName生成ObjectName对象
2). 如果符合条件的mbean是携带@ManagedResource注解的，则生成ModelBean对象并读取@ManagedOperation、@ManagedAttribute等jmx注解信息
3). 最后注册上述的mbean到mbeanserver上

通过上述的操作便可以将搜索到的mbean注册至mbeanserver上了，只要用户使用@ManagedOperation、@ManagedAttribute、@ManagedResource注解搭配即可

附例

pom内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>demo-springboot</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

mbeans创建

package com.example.demo.jmx;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.ManagedAttribute;
import org.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.ManagedOperation;
import org.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.ManagedResource;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * system common monitor
 *
 * @author nanco
 * @create 2018/8/8
 **/
@Configuration
@ManagedResource(objectName = "monitor:name=SystemCommonMonitor")
public class SystemCommonMonitorMBean {

    private String systemName;

    private Gson gsonTool = new Gson();


    @ManagedAttribute
    public String getSystemName() {
        return this.systemName;
    }

    @ManagedAttribute(description = "system_name", defaultValue = "demo")
    public void setSystemName(String name) {
        this.systemName = name;
    }

    @ManagedOperation(description = "systemInfo")
    public String systemInfo() {
        Map<String, String> system = new HashMap(8);
        system.put("cpuCoreSize", "4");
        system.put("memorySize", "8G");
        system.put("cpuRatio", "20%");
        system.put("memoryRatio", "2%");
        system.put("totalDisk", "200G");
        system.put("usedDisk", "120G");
        system.put("freeDisk", "80G");


        return gsonTool.toJson(system);
    }
}

jmx serviceUrl暴露

package com.example.demo.jmx;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.DependsOn;
import org.springframework.jmx.support.ConnectorServerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiRegistryFactoryBean;

/**
 * @author nanco
 * @create 2018/8/8
 **/
@Configuration
public class JmxAutoConfiguration {

    @Value("${jmx.rmi.host:localhost}")
    private String rmiHost;

    @Value("${jmx.rmi.port:7099}")
    private int rmiPort;

    @Value("${jmx.service.domain:jmxrmi}")
    private String jmxDomain;

	// 指定特定端口可以开放命名服务
    @Bean
    public RmiRegistryFactoryBean rmiRegistry() {
        RmiRegistryFactoryBean factoryBean = new RmiRegistryFactoryBean();
        factoryBean.setPort(rmiPort);
        factoryBean.setAlwaysCreate(true);

        return factoryBean;
    }

    @DependsOn("rmiRegistry")
    @Bean
    public ConnectorServerFactoryBean jmxConnector() {
        ConnectorServerFactoryBean serverFactoryBean = new ConnectorServerFactoryBean();

        serverFactoryBean.setServiceUrl(String.format("service:jmx:rmi://%s:%s/jndi/rmi://%s:%s/%s", rmiHost, rmiPort, rmiHost, rmiPort, jmxDomain));

        return serverFactoryBean;
    }
}

jconsole访问，直接远程连接至service:jmx:rmi://localhost:7099/jndi/rmi://localhost:7099/jmxrmi即可(默认)
jconsole_1
jconsole_2
jconsole_3
jconsole_4
jconsole_5

结束语

读者在阅读本博文的时候，建议首先按照笔者上述给出的文献链接查阅jmx相关知识点，再结合此文便会对springboot整合jmx框架有一定的了解

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