Springboot多数据源配置
Posted CarryChan
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目前，业界流行的数据操作框架是 Mybatis，那 Druid 是什么呢？ Druid 是 Java 的数据库连接池组件。Druid 能够提供强大的监控和扩展功能。比如可以监控 SQL ，在监控业务可以查询慢查询 SQL 列表等。Druid 核心主要包括三部分： 1. DruidDriver 代理 Driver，能够提供基于 Filter－Chain 模式的插件体系。 2. DruidDataSource 高效可管理的数据库连接池 3. SQLParser 当业务数据量达到了一定程度，DBA 需要合理配置数据库资源。即配置主库的机器高配置，把核心高频的数据放在主库上；把次要的数据放在低配置的从库。开源节流嘛，把数据放在不同的数据库里，就需要通过不同的数据源进行操作数据。这里我们举个 springboot-mutil-datasource 工程案例： user 用户表在主库 master 上，地址表 city 在从库 slave上。
一、数据库准备
1、主库master
CREATE DATABASE master; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT \'用户编号\', `user_name` varchar(25) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT \'用户名称\', `description` varchar(25) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT \'描述\', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 2 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; INSERT user VALUES (1 ,\'程序员\',\'他有一个小网站 tom.com.cn\');
2、从库slave
CREATE DATABASE slave; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `city`; CREATE TABLE `city` ( `id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT \'城市编号\', `province_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL COMMENT \'省份编号\', `city_name` varchar(25) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT \'城市名称\', `description` varchar(25) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT \'描述\', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 2 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; INSERT city VALUES (1 ,1,\'北京市\',\'tom的家在北京。\');
二、工程代码配置详解
1、项目整体结构
com.carry.springboot.config.ds 包下包含了多数据源的配置，同样可以有第三个数据源，按照前几个复制即可 resources/mapper 下面有两个模块，分别是 Mybatis 不同数据源需要扫描的 mapper xml 目录
2、pom.xml依赖
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 3 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 4 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 5 6 <groupId>com.carry.elk</groupId> 7 <artifactId>springboot-mutil-datasource</artifactId> 8 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 9 <packaging>jar</packaging> 10 11 <name>springboot-mutil-datasource</name> 12 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> 13 14 <parent> 15 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 16 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 17 <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version> 18 <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> 19 </parent> 20 21 <properties> 22 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 23 <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> 24 <java.version>1.8</java.version> 25 <druid>1.0.31</druid> 26 </properties> 27 28 <dependencies> 29 <dependency> 30 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 31 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 32 </dependency> 33 <dependency> 34 <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> 35 <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> 36 <version>1.3.2</version> 37 </dependency> 38 <!-- Druid 数据连接池依赖 --> 39 <dependency> 40 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> 41 <artifactId>druid</artifactId> 42 <version>${druid}</version> 43 </dependency> 44 45 <dependency> 46 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 47 <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> 48 <scope>runtime</scope> 49 </dependency> 50 <dependency> 51 <groupId>mysql</groupId> 52 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 53 <scope>runtime</scope> 54 </dependency> 55 <dependency> 56 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 57 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 58 <scope>test</scope> 59 </dependency> 60 </dependencies> 61 62 <build> 63 <plugins> 64 <plugin> 65 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 66 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 67 </plugin> 68 </plugins> 69 </build> 70 71 72 </project>
3、application.properties 配置两个数据源配置
## master 数据源配置 master.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/master?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8 master.datasource.username=root master.datasource.password=123456 master.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver ## slave 数据源配置 slave.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/slave?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8 slave.datasource.username=root slave.datasource.password=123456 slave.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #热部署 spring.devtools.restart.enabled=true
4、主数据源MasterDataSourceConfig 配置
1 package com.carry.springboot.config.ds; 2 3 import javax.sql.DataSource; 4 5 import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; 6 import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean; 7 import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; 8 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; 9 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; 10 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; 11 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 12 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary; 13 import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver; 14 import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager; 15 16 import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource; 17 18 @Configuration 19 // 扫描 Mapper 接口并容器管理 20 @MapperScan(basePackages = MasterDataSourceConfig.PACKAGE, sqlSessionFactoryRef = "masterSqlSessionFactory") 21 public class MasterDataSourceConfig { 22 23 // 精确到 master 目录，以便跟其他数据源隔离 24 static final String PACKAGE = "com.carry.springboot.dao.master"; 25 static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:mapper/master/*.xml"; 26 27 @Value("${master.datasource.url}") 28 private String url; 29 30 @Value("${master.datasource.username}") 31 private String user; 32 33 @Value("${master.datasource.password}") 34 private String password; 35 36 @Value("${master.datasource.driverClassName}") 37 private String driverClass; 38 39 @Bean(name = "masterDataSource") 40 @Primary 41 public DataSource masterDataSource() { 42 DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource(); 43 dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClass); 44 dataSource.setUrl(url); 45 dataSource.setUsername(user); 46 dataSource.setPassword(password); 47 return dataSource; 48 } 49 50 @Bean(name = "masterTransactionManager") 51 @Primary 52 public DataSourceTransactionManager masterTransactionManager() { 53 return new DataSourceTransactionManager(masterDataSource()); 54 } 55 56 @Bean(name = "masterSqlSessionFactory") 57 @Primary 58 public SqlSessionFactory masterSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("masterDataSource") DataSource masterDataSource) 59 throws Exception { 60 final SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); 61 sessionFactory.setDataSource(masterDataSource); 62 sessionFactory.setMapperLocations( 63 new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MasterDataSourceConfig.MAPPER_LOCATION)); 64 return sessionFactory.getObject(); 65 } 66 }
5、从数据源SlaveDataSourceConfig配置
1 package com.carry.springboot.config.ds; 2 3 import javax.sql.DataSource; 4 5 import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; 6 import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean; 7 import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; 8 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; 9 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; 10 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; 11 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 12 import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver; 13 import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager; 14 15 import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource; 16 17 @Configuration 18 // 扫描 Mapper 接口并容器管理 19 @MapperScan(basePackages = SlaveDataSourceConfig.PACKAGE, sqlSessionFactoryRef = "slaveSqlSessionFactory") 20 public class SlaveDataSourceConfig { 21 22 // 精确到 slave 目录，以便跟其他数据源隔离 23 static final String PACKAGE = "com.carry.springboot.dao.slave"; 24 static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:mapper/slave/*.xml"; 25 26 @Value("${slave.datasource.url}") 27 private String url; 28 29 @Value("${slave.datasource.username}") 30 private String user; 31 32 @Value("${slave.datasource.password}") 33 private String password; 34 35 @Value("${slave.datasource.driverClassName}") 36 private String driverClass; 37 38 @Bean(name = "slaveDataSource") 39 public DataSource slaveDataSource() { 40 DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource(); 41 dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClass); 42 dataSource.setUrl(url); 43 dataSource.setUsername(user); 44 dataSource.setPassword(password); 45 return dataSource; 46 } 47 48 @Bean(name = "slaveTransactionManager") 49 public DataSourceTransactionManager slaveTransactionManager() { 50 return new DataSourceTransactionManager(slaveDataSource()); 51 } 52 53 @Bean(name = "slaveSqlSessionFactory") 54 public SqlSessionFactory slaveSqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("slaveDataSource") DataSource slaveDataSource) 55 throws Exception { 56 final SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); 57 sessionFactory.setDataSource(slaveDataSource); 58 sessionFactory.setMapperLocations( 59 new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(SlaveDataSourceConfig.MAPPER_LOCATION)); 60 return sessionFactory.getObject(); 61 } 62 }
6、业务层代码
1 package com.carry.springboot.service.impl; 2 3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 5 6 import com.carry.springboot.dao.master.UserDao; 7 import com.carry.springboot.dao.slave.CityDao; 8 import com.carry.springboot.domain.City; 9 import com.carry.springboot.domain.User; 10 import com.carry.springboot.service.UserService; 11 12 @Service 13 public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { 14 15 @Autowired 16 private UserDao userDao; // 主数据源 17 18 @Autowired 19 private CityDao cityDao; // 从数据源 20 21 @Override 22 public User findByName(String userName) { 23 User user = userDao.findByName(userName); 24 City city = cityDao.findByName("北京市"); 25 user.setCity(city); 26 return user; 27 } 28 29 }
三、测试
写个controller和request方法，我这里的是http://localhost:8080/api/user
在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8080/api/user?userName=程序员得到结果
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