SpringCloud - Rest学习环境搭建
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一、总体介绍
使用一个 Dept 部门模块做一个微服务通用案例 Consumer消费者(Client)通过 REST 调用 Provider 提供者(Server)提供的服务。
一个父工程中创建多个 Module 子模块:MicroServiceCloud父工程(Project)下初次带着三个子模块(Module) - microservicecloud-api【封装的整体 entity / 接口 / 公共配置等】 - microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001【服务提供者】 - microservicecloud-consumer-dept-80 【服务消费者】
二、SpringCloud版本选择
1)大版本说明
Spring Boot | Spring Cloud | 关系 |
1.2.x | Angle版本(天使) | 兼容Spring Boot 1.2.x |
1.3.x | Brixton版本(布里克斯顿) | 兼容Spring Boot 1.3.x,也兼容Spring Boot 1.4.x |
1.4.x | Camden版本(卡姆登) | 兼容Spring Boot 1.4.x,也兼容Spring Boot 1.5.x |
1.5.x | Dalston版本(多尔斯顿) | 兼容Spring Boot 1.5.x,不兼容Spring Boot 2.0.x |
1.5.x | Edgware版本(埃奇韦尔) | 兼容Spring Boot 1.5.x,不兼容Spring Boot 2.0.x |
2.0.x | Finchley版本(芬奇利) | 兼容Spring Boot 2.0.x,不兼容Spring Boot 1.5.x |
2.1.x | Greenwich版本(格林威治) |
2)实际开发版本关系
spring-boot-starter-parent | spring-cloud-dependencies | ||
版本号 | 发布日期 | 版本号 | 发布日期 |
1.5.2.RELEASE | 2017年3月 | Dalston.RC1 | 2017年 |
1.5.9.RELEASE | Nov,2017 | Edgware.RELEASE | Nov,2017 |
1.5.16.RELEASE | Sep,2018 | Edgware.SR5 | Oct,2018 |
1.5.20.RELEASE | Apr,2019 | Edgware.SR5 | Oct,2018 |
2.0.2.RELEASE | May,2018 | Finchley.BUILD-SNAPSHOT | 2018年 |
2.0.6.RELEASE | Oct,2018 | Finchley.SR2 | Oct,2018 |
2.1.4.RELEASE | Apr,2019 | Greenwich.SR1 | Mar,2019 |
使用最后这两个
三、创建父工程 - springcloud
● 新建父工程项目 microservicecloud, 切记 packaging 是 pom 模式
● 主要是定义 POM 文件,将后续各个子模块公用的 jar 包等统一提取出来,类似一个抽象父类
1)创建一个普通的maven项目
2)删除src目录
3)在pom.xml中修改打包方式为pom
<!--打包方式 pom--> <packaging>pom</packaging>
4)导入依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cyan</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <!--打包方式--> <packaging>pom</packaging> <!--版本号--> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version> </properties> <!--管理依赖版本号--> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <!--springCloud依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Greenwich.SR1</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!--SpringBoot依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!--数据库--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.47</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <!--Mybatis-Plus SpringBoot启动器--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <!--日志测试--> <dependency><!--logback--> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency><!--Junit--> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency><!--log4j--> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!--Lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>${lombok.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> </project>
四、实体类模块 - springcloud-api
数据库:
1)新建子模块(普通的maven)
2)在该模块中导入需要的依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId> <groupId>com.cyan</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId> <!--当前Module根据父类依赖管理了配置,不需要再设置版本号--> <dependencies> <!--lombok--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3)新建实体类
@Data @NoArgsConstructor @Accessors(chain = true) // 链式写法 public class Dept implements Serializable { // Dept实体诶 ORM 类表映射关系 // 主键 private Long deptno; private String dname; // 当前数据库,微服务 一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息 可能存在不同的数据库 private String db_source; public Dept(String dname) { this.dname = dname; } }
五、服务提供者模块 - springcloud-provider-dept
1)新建子模块(普通的maven模块)服务提供者,springcloud-provider-dept-8001
2)在该模块中导入需要的依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId> <groupId>com.cyan</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>springcloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- 这个就是我们自己写的模块springcloud-api --> <dependency> <groupId>cn.codewei</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <!-- 数据库 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 测试和日志 --> <!-- junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 热部署工具 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3)添加编写 application.yaml 配置
server: port: 8001 # mybatis配置 mybatis: type-aliases-package: com.cyan.pojo mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml configuration: # 二级缓存 cache-enabled: true # spring配置 spring: application: name: springcloud-provider-dept datasource: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud_db01?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC username: root password: 123456
4)创建 mapper 接口:DeptMapper
@Mapper @Repository public interface DeptDao { public boolean addDept(Dept dept); public Dept queryById(@Param("deptno") Long deptno); public List<Dept> queryAll(); }
5)编写对应的DeptMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.cyan.dao.DeptDao"> <!-- public boolean addDept(Dept dept); --> <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Boolean"> INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES (#{dname,jdbcType=VARCHAR},DATABASE()) </insert> <!-- public Dept queryById(Long deptno); --> <select id="queryById" parameterType="Long" resultType="Dept"> SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno = #{deptno}; </select> <!-- public List<Dept> queryAll(); --> <select id="queryAll" resultType="Dept"> SELECT * FROM dept; </select> </mapper>
6)创建 service 接口:DeptSerivce
public interface DeptService { public boolean addDept(Dept dept); public Dept queryById(Long deptno); public List<Dept> queryAll(); }
7)添加 DeptServiceImpl 实现类
@Service public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService { @Autowired public DeptDao deptDao8001; @Override public boolean addDept(Dept dept) { return deptDao8001.addDept(dept); } @Override public Dept queryById(Long deptno) { return deptDao8001.queryById(deptno); } @Override public List<Dept> queryAll() { return deptDao8001.queryAll(); } }
8)创建 Controller 接口:用来提供RestFul服务
@RestController public class DeptController { @Autowired private DeptService deptService; @PostMapping("/dept/add") public boolean addDept(Dept dept) { return deptService.addDept(dept); } @GetMapping("/dept/get/{id}") public Dept queryDept(@PathVariable("id") Long deptno) { return deptService.queryById(deptno); } @GetMapping("/dept/list") public List<Dept> queryAll() { return deptService.queryAll(); } }
9)添加启动类 DeptProvider_8001
@SpringBootApplication public class DeptProvider_8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider_8001.class, args); } }
六、服务消费者模块 - springcloud-consumer-dept
1)新建子模块(普通的maven模块)服务消费者:springcloud-consumer-dept-80
2)在该模块中导入需要的依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId> <groupId>com.cyan</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>springcloud-consumer-dept</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--实体类--> <dependency> <groupId>com.cyan</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <!--web--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--热部署工具--> <dependency> <groupId以上是关于SpringCloud - Rest学习环境搭建的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章SpringCloud学习笔记2:Rest学习环境搭建之认识Rest风格