rabbitMQ第五篇：Spring集成RabbitMQ

Posted 2020-08-20 lpeiNet

   前面几篇讲解了如何使用rabbitMq，这一篇主要讲解spring集成rabbitmq。

   首先引入配置文件org.springframework.amqp，如下

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

一：配置消费者和生成者公共部分

<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbit.hosts}"
                               port="${rabbit.port}" username="${rabbit.username}" password="${rabbit.password}" virtual-host="${rabbit.virtualHost}"
                               channel-cache-size="50"/>
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
    <!--定义消息队列-->
    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.1" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.2" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
    <rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.3" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
    <!--绑定队列-->
    <rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spittle.fanout" name="spittle.fanout" durable="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.1"></rabbit:binding>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.2"></rabbit:binding>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.3"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:fanout-exchange>

二：配置生成者

<import resource="amqp-share.xml"/>
    <!--创建消息队列模板-->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
                     exchange="spittle.fanout" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter">
    </rabbit:template>
    <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"></bean>

三：生产者程序

public class Spittle implements Serializable {
    private Long id;
    private Spitter spitter;
    private String message;
    private Date postedTime;

    public Spittle(Long id, Spitter spitter, String message, Date postedTime) {
        this.id = id;
        this.spitter = spitter;
        this.message = message;
        this.postedTime = postedTime;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return this.message;
    }

    public Date getPostedTime() {
        return this.postedTime;
    }

    public Spitter getSpitter() {
        return this.spitter;
    }
}

public class ProducerMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-producer.xml");
        AmqpTemplate template = (AmqpTemplate) context.getBean("rabbitTemplate");
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            System.out.println("Sending message #" + i);
            Spittle spittle = new Spittle((long) i, null, "Hello world (" + i + ")", new Date());
            template.convertAndSend(spittle);
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        }
        System.out.println("Done!");
    }
}

其中convertAndSend方法默认第一个参数是交换机名称，第二个参数是路由名称，第三个才是我们发送的数据，现在我们启动程序，效果如下

第四个：消费者程序

首先编写一个用于监听生产者发送信息的代码

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2016/11/18.
 */
public class SpittleAlertHandler implements MessageListener {
    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String body=new String(message.getBody(),"UTF-8");
            System.out.println(body);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

一定要注意实现MessageListener，我们只需要获取message的body即可，通过json来转换我们需要的程序（比如我们可以发送一个map，map存放方法和实体，这样我们可以通过反射来调用不同的程序来运行）。

下面我们配置消费者

 

<import resource="amqp-share.xml"/>
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
      <rabbit:listener ref="spittleListener" method="onMessage" queues="spittle.alert.queue.1,spittle.alert.queue.3,spittle.alert.queue.2"/>
    </rabbit:listener-container>
    <bean id="spittleListener" class="com.lp.summary.rabbitmq.impl.SpittleAlertHandler"/>

其中spittleListener是监听的程序，method是执行的方法，queues是我们监听的队列，多个队列可以逗号隔开（因为我们采用的是分发，所以三个队列获取的消息是相同的，这里为了简便我放在一个监听程序中了，其实我们可以写三个消费者，每个消费者监听一个队列）

现在只需要启动程序即可运行

public class ConsumerMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-consumer.xml");
    }
}

 当然direct跟上面的情况差不多，只不过这个是根据路由匹配，先把数据发送到交换机，然后绑定路由和队列，通过交换机id和路由来找到队列，下面是一些主要的配置

 <rabbit:queue id="spring-test-queue1" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" name="spring-test-queue1"></rabbit:queue>
    <rabbit:queue name="spring-test-queue2" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false"></rabbit:queue>
    <!--交换机定义-->
    <!--rabbit:direct-exchange：定义exchange模式为direct，
        意思就是消息与一个特定的路由键完全匹配，才会转发。
        rabbit:binding：设置消息queue匹配的key-->
    <rabbit:direct-exchange name="${rabbit.exchange.direct}" durable="true" auto-delete="false" id="${rabbit.exchange.direct}">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring-test-queue1" key="spring.test.queueKey1"/>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring-test-queue2" key="spring.test.queueKey2"/>
      </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:direct-exchange>

    <!--spring template声明-->
    <rabbit:template exchange="${rabbit.exchange.direct}" id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
    message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"></rabbit:template>
    <!--消息对象转成成json-->
    <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"></bean>

下面是消费者监听配置

 <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
        <rabbit:listener queues="spring-test-queue1" method="onMessage" ref="queueListenter"></rabbit:listener>
    </rabbit:listener-container>
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
        <rabbit:listener queues="spring-test-queue2" method="onMessage" ref="queueListenter"></rabbit:listener>
    </rabbit:listener-container>

下面是程序

 public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-rabbitmq-producer.xml");
        MQProducer mqProducer=(MQProducer) context.getBean("mqProducer");
        mqProducer.sendDateToQueue("spring.test.queueKey1","Hello World spring.test.queueKey1");
        mqProducer.sendDateToQueue("spring.test.queueKey2","Hello World spring.test.queueKey2");
    }

实际情况可能需要我们去分离消费者和生成者的程序。当然spring还有负载均衡的配置，这里就不多介绍了。