异常处理---spring boot
Posted xingshouzhan
tags:
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若不对异常进行处理
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/exceptioncontroller")
public class ExceptionController {
@RequestMapping("/exc")
public String exc(){
int a = 1/0;
return null;
}
}
1.直接定义error界面
SpringBoot启动的WEB应用中，会自动的提供一个映射，URL是/error(即templates下面的error.html界面)，处理了这个请求的是类型BasicErrorController，其中的处理逻辑是将异常信息分类封装到作用域中，并传递给视图逻辑’error’。
但是，springboot项目，无法直接访问templates下面的界面，需要配置thymeleaf
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
在templates下面定义error.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>自定义异常页面</title> </head> <body> 自定义异常页面... </body> </html>
2.使用@ExceptionHandler，在controller层，错误特殊处理。注解的value属性是Class[]类型，代表该方法可以处理的异常种类
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
@Controller @RequestMapping("/exceptioncontroller") public class ExceptionController { @Autowired EeceptionService eceptionService;
@RequestMapping("/exc") public String exc(){ eceptionService.test(); return null; } @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class) @ResponseBody public String ExceptionHandlerThrow(){ return "epc"; } }
@Service public class EeceptionService { public void test(){ int a = 1/0; } }
3.使用@ControllerAdvice与@ExceptionHandler共同作用
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
@Controller @RequestMapping("/exceptioncontroller") public class ExceptionController { @Autowired EeceptionService eceptionService; @RequestMapping("/exc") public String exc(){ eceptionService.test(); return null; } }
@Service public class EeceptionService { public void test(){ int a = 1/0; } }
@ControllerAdvice public class EeceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class) @ResponseBody public String ExceptionHandlerThrow(){ return "ad_epc"; } }
4.实现ErrorController接口(是BasicErrorController的父接口)
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
@Controller @RequestMapping("/exceptioncontroller") public class ExceptionController { @Autowired EeceptionService eceptionService; @RequestMapping("/exc") public String exc(){ eceptionService.test(); return null; } }
@Service public class EeceptionService { public void test(){ int a = 1/0; } }
@Controller public class ErrorsController implements ErrorController { @Override public String getErrorPath() { return "/error"; } @RequestMapping(value = "/error", produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE}) @ResponseBody public String error(HttpServletRequest request) { return "adfswe"; } }
5.配置SimpleMappingExceptionResolver，通过设置Properties定义返回界面
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
@Controller @RequestMapping("/exceptioncontroller") public class ExceptionController { @Autowired EeceptionService eceptionService; @RequestMapping("/exc") public void exc(){ eceptionService.test(); //return "redirect:templates/error.htm"; } }
@Service public class EeceptionService { public void test(){ int a = 1/0; } }
@Configuration public class GlobalExceptionConfiguration { @Bean public SimpleMappingExceptionResolver getHandlerExceptionResolver(){ SimpleMappingExceptionResolver bean = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver(); Properties mappings = new Properties(); mappings.setProperty("java.lang.NullPointerException", "configNullPointerException"); mappings.setProperty("java.lang.ArithmeticException", "configArithmeticException"); bean.setExceptionMappings(mappings); return bean; } }
templates下面新增configArithmeticException.html和configNullPointerException.html界面
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>configNullPointerException..</title> </head> <body> configNullPointerException.. </body> </html>
6.继承
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
@Configuration public class MyHandlerExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver { @Override public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) { // 异常信息收集 // String message = ex.getMessage(); // request.setAttribute("message", message); ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(); // 异常信息收集 mv.addObject("message", "出错了，请联系管理员， 错误内容是： " + ex.getMessage()); mv.setViewName("error"); return mv; } }
@Controller @RequestMapping("/exceptioncontroller") public class ExceptionController { @Autowired EeceptionService eceptionService; @RequestMapping("/exc") public void exc(){ eceptionService.test(); //return "redirect:templates/error.htm"; } }
@Service public class EeceptionService { public void test(){ int a = 1/0; } }
和上面一样，在自定义error界面
优先级: 当前控制器中定义的@ExceptionHandler方法 -> @ControllerAdvice类中定义的@ExceptionHandler方法 ->ErrorController中定义的服务方法（error.html默认异常页面）
一般情况下，先在方法里面进行处理；如果controller有特殊处理，使用@ExceptionHandler；其实一般情况下定义全局的异常控制，即使用@ControllerAdvice与@ExceptionHandler共同作用；继承ErrorController处理，其实这里就可以进行自定义error返回界面。
这里我使用的有些是@ResponseBody，就是使用的springMVC。相信若是转成返回界面，或者返回自定义界面，就不是什么难事了。
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