SpringBootSpringBoot Web开发
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本周介绍SpringBoot项目Web开发的项目内容，及常用的CRUD操作，阅读本章前请阅读【SpringBoot】SpringBoot与Thymeleaf模版（六）的相关内容
Web开发
项目搭建
1、新建一个SpringBoot的web项目。pom.xml文件如下：
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 4 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 5 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 6 7 <groupId>com.test</groupId> 8 <artifactId>test-springboot-web2</artifactId> 9 <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> 10 11 <parent> 12 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 13 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 14 <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version> 15 </parent> 16 17 <properties> 18 19 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 20 <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> 21 <java.version>1.8</java.version> 22 </properties> 23 24 <dependencies> 25 26 <dependency> 27 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 28 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 29 </dependency> 30 31 <dependency> 32 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 33 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> 34 </dependency> 35 36 <dependency> 37 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 38 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 39 <scope>test</scope> 40 </dependency> 41 42 </dependencies> 43 44 45 <!-- SpringBoot打包插件，可以将代码打包成一个可执行的jar包 --> 46 <build> 47 <plugins> 48 <plugin> 49 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 50 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 51 </plugin> 52 </plugins> 53 </build> 54 55 </project>
2、配置文件application.properties如下：
1 # 项目端口 2 server.port=8081 3 # 项目访问路径 4 server.servlet.context-path=/test 5 6 # 禁用thymeleaf缓存 7 spring.thymeleaf.cache=false 8 9 # mvc参数日期格式 10 spring.mvc.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd
3、在浏览器中使用地址http://localhost:8081/test/即可访问项目
4、项目目录结构
登录功能
1、编写登录LoginController.java；逻辑验证用户名和密码，登录成功后在session中存入熟悉loginUser
1 package com.test.springboot.controller; 2 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 4 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; 7 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 9 import java.util.Map; 10 11 @Controller 12 public class LoginController { 13 14 @PostMapping(value = "/user/login") 15 public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, 16 @RequestParam("password") String password, 17 Map<String, Object> map, HttpServletRequest request){ 18 System.out.println("======"); 19 if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(username) && "123456".equals(password)) { 20 // 登陆成功 21 // 防止表单重复提交，可以重定向到主页 22 request.getSession().setAttribute("loginUser", username); 23 return "redirect:/main.html"; 24 }else { 25 // 登陆失败 26 map.put("msg", "用户名或密码错误"); 27 return "login"; 28 } 29 30 } 31 32 }
2、新建拦截器LoginHandlerInterceptor.java；逻辑：在session中判断是否存在属性loginUser，存在即已登录，不存在未登录
1 package com.test.springboot.component; 2 3 4 import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; 5 6 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 9 import java.io.IOException; 10 11 public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { 12 13 @Override 14 public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws ServletException, IOException { 15 Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser"); 16 if(user == null) { 17 // 未登录 18 request.setAttribute("msg", "没有权限请先登录"); 19 request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request, response); 20 }else{ 21 // 已登录 22 return true; 23 } 24 return false; 25 } 26 }
3、在SpringMvc中添加拦截器
1 package com.test.springboot.config; 2 3 import com.test.springboot.component.LoginHandlerInterceptor; 4 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 5 import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry; 6 import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry; 7 import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; 8 9 10 // @EnableWebMvc // 全面接管SpringMVC，所有的WebMvc自动配置都失效，如静态资源的访问都失效 11 @Configuration 12 public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { 13 14 // 添加视图映射 15 @Override 16 public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { 17 // // 浏览器访问 "/success2" 重定向到 "/success" 18 // registry.addRedirectViewController("/success2", "/success"); 19 // // 浏览器访问 "/success2" 转发 "/success" 20 // registry.addViewController("/success3").setViewName("/success"); 21 22 // 首页 23 registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login"); 24 registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login"); 25 26 registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("main"); 27 28 } 29 30 // 添加拦截器 31 @Override 32 public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { 33 34 // springboot静态映射已做好，无需在拦截器中处理静态资源 35 registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**") 36 .excludePathPatterns("/", "/index.html", "/user/login"); 37 } 38 }
4、编辑登录界面login.html
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>login</title> 6 </head> 7 <body style="text-align: center;"> 8 <h3>登录</h3> 9 <form th:action="@{/user/login}" method="post"> 10 <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username" /></p> 11 <p>密 码： <input type="password" name="password" /></p> 12 <input type="submit" value="提交" /> 13 </form> 14 提示1：[[${msg}]] 15 </body> 16 </html>
5、编辑主页面main.html
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>main</title> 6 </head> 7 <body style="text-align: center;"> 8 <h3>主页</h3> 9 <br> 10 [[${session.loginUser}]] 11 <h4><a th:href="@{/emps}">员工列表</a></h4> 12 提示-：[[${msg}]] 13 </body> 14 </html>
6、测试，在浏览器中打开地址：http://localhost:8081/test
CURD功能
1、新建员工Controller，内容如下：
package com.test.springboot.controller; import com.test.springboot.dao.DepartmentDao; import com.test.springboot.dao.EmployeeDao; import com.test.springboot.entities.Department; import com.test.springboot.entities.Employee; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.Collection; @Controller public class EmployeeController { @Autowired private EmployeeDao employeeDao; @Autowired private DepartmentDao departmentDao; // 查询所有员工列表 @GetMapping("/emps") public String list(Model model){ Collection<Employee> employees = employeeDao.getAll(); // 放在请求域中 model.addAttribute("emps", employees); return "emp/list"; } // 添加员工页面 @GetMapping("/emp") public String toAddPage(Model model){ // 查询所有部门 Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments(); model.addAttribute("depts", departments); return "emp/add"; } @GetMapping("/emp/{id}") public String toEditPage(@PathVariable("id") Integer id , Model model){ Employee employee = employeeDao.get(id); model.addAttribute("emp", employee); Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments(); model.addAttribute("depts", departments); return "emp/add"; } // 员工添加 @PostMapping("/emp") public String addEmp(Employee employee){ System.out.println("员工信息：" + employee); // 返回员工列表界面 // redirect：表示重定向到某个界面 // forward：表示转发到某个界面 employeeDao.save(employee); return "redirect:/emps"; } //员工修改；需要提交员工id； @PutMapping("/emp") public String updateEmployee(Employee employee){ System.out.println("修改的员工数据："+employee); employeeDao.save(employee); return "redirect:/emps"; } //员工删除 @DeleteMapping("/emp/{id}") public String deleteEmployee(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ employeeDao.delete(id); return "redirect:/emps"; } }
2、员工DAO
1 package com.test.springboot.dao; 2 3 import java.util.Collection; 4 import java.util.HashMap; 5 import java.util.Map; 6 7 import com.test.springboot.entities.Department; 8 import com.test.springboot.entities.Employee; 9 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 10 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; 11 12 @Repository 13 public class EmployeeDao { 14 15 private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null; 16 17 @Autowired 18 private DepartmentDao departmentDao; 19 20 static{ 21 employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>(); 22 23 employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA"))); 24 employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1, new Department(102, "D-BB"))); 25 employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0, new Department(103, "D-CC"))); 26 employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD"))); 27 employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE"))); 28 } 29 30 private static Integer initId = 1006; 31 32 public void save(Employee employee){ 33 if(employee.getId() == null){ 34 employee.setId(initId++); 35 } 36 37 employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId())); 38 employees.put(employee.getId(), employee); 39 } 40 41 //查询所有员工 42 public Collection<Employee> getAll(){ 43 return employees.values(); 44 } 45 46 public Employee get(Integer id){ 47 return employees.get(id); 48 } 49 50 public void delete(Integer id){ 51 employees.remove(id); 52 } 53 }
3、部门DAO
1 package com.test.springboot.dao; 2 3 import java.util.Collection; 4 import java.util.HashMap; 5 import java.util.Map; 6 7 import com.test.springboot.entities.Department; 8 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; 9 10 11 @Repository 12 public class DepartmentDao { 13 14 private static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null; 15 16 static{ 17 departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>(); 18 19 departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA")); 20 departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB")); 21 departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC")); 22 departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD")); 23 departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE")); 24 } 25 26 public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){ 27 return departments.values(); 28 } 29 30 public Department getDepartment(Integer id){ 31 return departments.get(id); 32 } 33 34 }
4、员工对象
1 package com.test.springboot.entities; 2 3 import java.util.Date; 4 5 public class Employee { 6 7 private Integer id; 8 private String lastName; 9 10 private String email; 11 //1 male, 0 female 12 private Integer gender; 13 private Department department; 14 private Date birth; 15 16 public Integer getId() { 17 return id; 18 } 19 20 public void setId(Integer id) { 21 this.id = id; 22 } 23 24 pu以上是关于SpringBootSpringBoot Web开发的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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