spring的struts简单介绍

Posted 2020-11-20 努力做一个伪程序员

之前一段时间学习了springmvc+mybatis+spring框架，突然对之前的struts东西有点陌生, 所以这里简单记录下温故而知新的东西吧。

1.  首先建立一个Dynamic Web Project, 下面是我建立的StrutsDemo项目目录，使用的是maven构建的, 自己又增加了几个文件夹

 

2. 给出pom.xml文件:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com</groupId>
    <artifactId>StrutsDemo</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>StrutsDemo Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.struts/struts2-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.16</version>
        </dependency>

       <!--下面这两个插件,是注解方式必须要加载的-->
       <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.struts/struts2-convention-plugin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.struts/struts2-config-browser-plugin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-config-browser-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.16</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>StrutsDemo</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3. 给出Struts.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <!-- 所有匹配*.action的请求都由struts2处理 -->
    <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action" />
    <!-- 是否启用开发模式 -->
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <!-- struts配置文件改动后，是否重新加载 -->
    <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
    <!-- 设置浏览器是否缓存静态内容 -->
    <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" />
    <!-- 请求参数的编码方式 -->
    <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" />
    <!-- 每次HTTP请求系统都重新加载资源文件，有助于开发 -->
    <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
    <!-- 文件上传最大值 -->
    <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="104857600" />
    <!-- 让struts2支持动态方法调用 -->
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
    <!-- Action名称中是否还是用斜线 -->
    <constant name="struts.enable.SlashesInActionNames" value="false" />
    <!-- 允许标签中使用表达式语法 -->
    <constant name="struts.tag.altSyntax" value="true" />
    <!-- 对于WebLogic,Orion,OC4J此属性应该设置成true -->
    <constant name="struts.dispatcher.parametersWorkaround" value="false" />

    <package name="basePackage" extends="struts-default">


    </package>

</struts>

4. 给出web.xml文件:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <!-- add struts2 configiguration -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <!-- end add struts2 configuration-->
    
    <!-- 项目默认页 -->    
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

5. 给出TestAction.java文件:

package com.strutsdemo.action;

import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result;

@ParentPackage("basePackage")
@Action
@Namespace("/")
public class TestAction {
     // http://localhost:8080/StrutsDemo/print!printSome.action
     // 这里是通过注解的方式来输出前台页面,
     // 大致的流程
     // 1. 输入的url http://localhost:8080/StrutsDemo/print!printSome.action
     // 2. action定位到TestAction的printSome方法, 因为注解value="print"
     // 3. printSome方法返回print字符串, 而在我们注解results当中name="print",相互匹配, 所以会跳转到/page/print.jsp页面中
     // 个人认为，通过注解方式可以很大程度上节省代码量，让代码更简单
    @Action(value="print", results= {@Result(name="print", location="/page/print.jsp")})
    public String printSome(){
        System.out.println("TestAction printSome");
        return "print";
    }
    
}

6. 给出print.jsp代码:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>print something</h2>
</body>
</html>

7. 运行项目,并在浏览器中输入url:  http://localhost:8080/StrutsDemo/print!printSome.action,  结果为:

print something