Springboot第二篇:与前端fetch通信(关于传输数据上传文件等前后端的处理)

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本章讲述的是关于前后端通信关于对应性,前端为react的View,会分传递不同值有不同的处理情况。

 

首先关于Springboot内的代码变更都是在IndexController.java内,以下是代码:

技术分享图片
package maven.example.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/index")
public class IndexController {

    @RequestMapping("/home")
    public String home() {
        return "Hello World!";
    }
    
}
View Code

 


 

1:传递普通类型的数据,如string

 

前端:

fetch(‘http://localhost:8080/index/name‘, {
  method:‘post‘,
  headers: {
    "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8"
  },
  body:"firstName=zhu&lastName=yitian",
}).then(response => response.text()).then(data => {
  alert(data)
}).catch(function(e){
  alert("error:" + e);
})    

 

后台:

 @RequestMapping("name")
    public String getName(@RequestParam("firstName") String firstName, @RequestParam("lastName") String lastName) {
        return firstName + lastName;
    }

 

@RequestParam:用于访问 Servlet 请求参数。参数值转换为已声明的方法参数类型。

 


 

2:传递Json类型的数据,接收方为类

 

 前端:

let temp = {};
temp.lastName = ‘yitian‘;
temp.firstName = ‘zhu‘;

fetch(‘http://localhost:8080/index/userName‘, {
  method:‘post‘,
  headers: {
    ‘Content-Type‘: ‘application/json‘
  },
  body:JSON.stringify(temp),
}).then(response => response.text()).then(data => {
  alert(data)
}).catch(function(e){
  alert("error:" + e);
})

 

后台:

 

IndexController.java

 @RequestMapping("userName")
    public String getUserName(@RequestBody User user) {
        return user.getFirstName() + user.getLastName();
    }

 

User.java

package maven.example.entity;

public class User {

    private String lastName;
    private String firstName;
    
    public String getLastName(){
        return lastName;
    }
    
    public void setLastName(String lastName){
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }
    
    public String getFirstName(){
        return firstName;
    }
    
    public void setFirstName(String firstName){
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }
}

 

 


 

3:传递Json类型的数据, 接收方为map

 

前端:

let temp = {};
temp.lastName = ‘yitian‘;
temp.firstName = ‘zhu‘;
fetch(
‘http://localhost:8080/index/mapName‘, {   method:‘post‘,   headers: {     ‘Content-Type‘: ‘application/json‘   },   body:JSON.stringify(temp), }).then(response => response.text()).then(data => {   alert(data) }).catch(function(e){   alert("error:" + e); })

 

后台:

@RequestMapping("mapName")
public String getMapName(@RequestBody Map<String, String> map) {
  return map.get("firstName") + map.get("lastName"); }

 


 

4. 上传单个文件或图片

 

前端:

<form>  
  <input type="file" id="picture" />  
  <br/>  
  <button type="button" onClick={this.handleFile}>上传图片</button>  
</form>  
handleFile(){
  let picture = document.getElementById("picture").files;
  let formData = new FormData();
  formData.append(‘file‘, picture[0]);

  fetch(‘http://localhost:8080/index/getPicture‘, {
    method:‘post‘,
    body:formData,
  }).then(response => response.text()).then(data => {
    alert(data)
  }).catch(function(e){
    alert("error:" + e);
  })    
}

 

后台:

    @RequestMapping("getPicture")
    public String handleFormUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
        try{
            if (!file.isEmpty()) {
                byte[] bytes = file.getBytes();
                File picture = new File("temp.png");//这里指明上传文件保存的地址
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(picture);  
                BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);
                bos.write(bytes);
                bos.close();
                fos.close();
                return "success";
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            System.out.println(e);
        }
        return "failed";
    }

 


 

5.上传多个文件或图片

 

前端:

<form>  
  <input type="file" id="picture" multiple="multiple"/>  
  <br/>  
  <button type="button" onClick={this.handleFile}>上传图片</button>  
</form>  
handleFile(){
  let picture = document.getElementById("picture").files;
  let formData = new FormData();

  for (let i = 0; i < picture.length; ++i){
    formData.append(‘file‘, picture[i]);
  }

  fetch(‘http://localhost:8080/index/getPictures‘, {
    method:‘post‘,
    body:formData,
  }).then(response => response.text()).then(data => {
    alert(data)
  }).catch(function(e){
    alert("error:" + e);
  })    
}

 

后台:

    @RequestMapping("getPictures")
    public String handleFormsUpload(HttpServletRequest request) {
        try{
            List<MultipartFile>files = ((MultipartHttpServletRequest) request).getFiles("file");
            
            MultipartFile file = null;
            
            for(int i = 0; i < files.size(); ++i){
                file = files.get(i);
                if (!file.isEmpty()) {
                    byte[] bytes = file.getBytes();
                    File picture = new File("temp" + String.valueOf(i) + ".png");//这里指明上传文件保存的地址
                    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(picture);  
                    BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);
                    bos.write(bytes);
                    bos.close();
                    fos.close();
                }
            }
            
            return "success";
            
            }catch (IOException e){
                System.out.println(e);
            }
        return "failed";
    }

 










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