httputils和httpclient的区别

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参考技术A 区别如下： HttpClient是个很不错的开源框架，封装了访问http的请求头，参数，内容体，响应等等。 HttpURLConnection是java的标准类，什么都没封装，用起来太原始，不方便。 比如重访问的自定义，以及一些高级功能等。本回答被提问者和网友采纳

JavaUtil_06_HttpUtil_使用httpclient实现

一、简介

使用 appache 的 httpclient 来实现的

二、源码

技术分享图片 
package com.ray.weixin.gz.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HeaderElement;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;


/**
 * HTTP请求封装，建议直接使用sdk的API
 */
public class HttpHelper {

    /**
     * @desc ：1.发起GET请求
     *  
     * @param url
     * @return JSONObject
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    public static JSONObject doGet(String url) throws Exception {

        //1.生成一个请求
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        //2.配置请求的属性
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(10000).setConnectTimeout(10000).build();//2000
        httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);

        //3.发起请求，获取响应信息    
        //3.1 创建httpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            //3.2 发起请求，获取响应信息    
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet, new BasicHttpContext());

            //如果返回结果的code不等于200，说明出错了  
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

                System.out.println("request url failed, http code=" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()
                        + ", url=" + url);
                return null;
            }
            //4.解析请求结果
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();      //reponse返回的数据在entity中 
            if (entity != null) {
                String resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");  //将数据转化为string格式  
                System.out.println("GET请求结果："+resultStr);
                JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(resultStr);    //将String转换为 JSONObject

                if(result.getInteger("errcode")==null) {
                    return result;
                }else if (0 == result.getInteger("errcode")) {
                    return result;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("request url=" + url + ",return value=");
                    System.out.println(resultStr);
                    int errCode = result.getInteger("errcode");
                    String errMsg = result.getString("errmsg");
                    throw new Exception("error code:"+errCode+", error message:"+errMsg); 
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                     //释放资源

            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }


    /** 2.发起POST请求
     * @desc ：
     *  
     * @param url   请求url
     * @param data  请求参数（json）
     * @return
     * @throws Exception JSONObject
     */
    public static JSONObject doPost(String url, Object data) throws Exception {
        //1.生成一个请求
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

        //2.配置请求属性
        //2.1 设置请求超时时间
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(100000).setConnectTimeout(100000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        //2.2 设置数据传输格式-json
        httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
        //2.3 设置请求实体，封装了请求参数
        StringEntity requestEntity = new StringEntity(JSON.toJSONString(data), "utf-8");
        httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);

        //3.发起请求，获取响应信息    
        //3.1 创建httpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try {


            //3.3 发起请求，获取响应
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());

            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

                System.out.println("request url failed, http code=" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()
                        + ", url=" + url);
                return null;
            }

            //获取响应内容
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                String resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
                System.out.println("POST请求结果："+resultStr);

                //解析响应内容
                JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(resultStr);

                if(result.getInteger("errcode")==null) {
                    return result;
                }else if (0 == result.getInteger("errcode")) {
                    return result;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("request url=" + url + ",return value=");
                    System.out.println(resultStr);
                    int errCode = result.getInteger("errcode");
                    String errMsg = result.getString("errmsg");
                    throw new Exception("error code:"+errCode+", error message:"+errMsg); 
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();              //释放资源

            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @desc ： 3.上传文件
     *  
     * @param url   请求url
     * @param file  上传的文件
     * @return
     * @throws Exception JSONObject
     */
    public static JSONObject uploadMedia(String url, File file) throws Exception {
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(5000).setConnectTimeout(5000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        
        //2.3 设置请求实体，封装了请求参数
        HttpEntity requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addPart("media",
                new FileBody(file, ContentType.create("multipart/form-data", Consts.UTF_8), file.getName())).build();

        //FileEntity requestEntity = new FileEntity(file,ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);


        httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);

        try {
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());

            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

                System.out.println("request url failed, http code=" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()
                        + ", url=" + url);
                return null;
            }
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                String resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");

                JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(resultStr);
                
                //上传临时素材失败
                if (result.getInteger("errcode") != null && 0 != result.getInteger("errcode") ) {
                    System.out.println("request url=" + url + ",return value=");
                    System.out.println(resultStr);
                    int errCode = result.getInteger("errcode");
                    String errMsg = result.getString("errmsg");
                    throw new Exception("error code:"+errCode+", error message:"+errMsg); 
                
                    //上传临时素材成功
                }else {
                    //result.remove("errcode");
                    //result.remove("errmsg");
                    return result;
                }

            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                  //释放资源


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @desc ： 上传PDF
     * 见微信电子发票章节
     * 9. 向用户提供发票或其它消费凭证PDF
     *  
     * @param url
     * @param file
     * @return
     * @throws Exception 
     *   JSONObject
     */
    public static JSONObject uploadPDF(String url, File file) throws Exception {
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(5000).setConnectTimeout(5000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        
        //2.3 设置请求实体，封装了请求参数
        HttpEntity requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addPart("media",
                new FileBody(file, ContentType.create("multipart/form-data", Consts.UTF_8), file.getName())).build();

        httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);

        try {
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());

            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

                System.out.println("request url failed, http code=" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()
                        + ", url=" + url);
                return null;
            }
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                String resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");

                JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(resultStr);
                //上传临时素材成功
                if (result.getString("errcode")== null) {
                    // 成功
                    //result.remove("errcode");
                    //result.remove("errmsg");
                    return result;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("request url=" + url + ",return value=");
                    System.out.println(resultStr);
                    int errCode = result.getInteger("errcode");
                    String errMsg = result.getString("errmsg");
                    throw new Exception("error code:"+errCode+", error message:"+errMsg); 
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                  //释放资源


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }
    /**
     * @desc ： 4.下载文件 -get
     *  
     * @param url  请求url
     * @param fileDir  下载路径
     * @return
     * @throws Exception File
     */
    public static File downloadMedia(String url, String fileDir) throws Exception  {
        //1.生成一个请求
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        //2.配置请求属性
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(100000).setConnectTimeout(100000).build();
        httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);

        //3.发起请求，获取响应信息    
        //3.1 创建httpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        //4.设置本地保存的文件  
        //File file = new File(fileDir);
        File file = null;
        try {
            //5. 发起请求，获取响应信息    
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet, new BasicHttpContext());
            System.out.println("HttpStatus.SC_OK:"+HttpStatus.SC_OK);  
            System.out.println("response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode():"+response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
            System.out.println("http-header:"+JSON.toJSONString( response.getAllHeaders() ));  
            System.out.println("http-filename:"+getFileName(response) );  

            //请求成功  
            if(HttpStatus.SC_OK==response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()){  

                //6.取得请求内容  
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  

                if (entity != null) {  
                    //这里可以得到文件的类型 如image/jpg /zip /tiff 等等 但是发现并不是十分有效，有时明明后缀是.rar但是取到的是null，这点特别说明  
                    System.out.println(entity.getContentType());  
                    //可以判断是否是文件数据流  
                    System.out.println(entity.isStreaming());  

                    //6.1 输出流
                    //6.1.1获取文件名，拼接文件路径
                    String fileName=getFileName(response);
                    fileDir=fileDir+fileName;
                    file = new File(fileDir);
                    //6.1.2根据文件路径获取输出流
                    FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(file);  

                    //6.2 输入流：从钉钉服务器返回的文件流，得到网络资源并写入文件  
                    InputStream input = entity.getContent();  

                    //6.3 将数据写入文件：将输入流中的数据写入到输出流
                    byte b[] = new byte[1024];  
                    int j = 0;  
                    while( (j = input.read(b))!=-1){  
                        output.write(b,0,j);  
                    }  
                    output.flush();  
                    output.close();   
                }  
                if (entity != null) {  
                    entity.consumeContent();  
                }  
            }  
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                       //释放资源


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return file;
    }


    /**
     * @desc ： 5.下载文件 - post
     *  
     * @param url  请求url
     * @param data  post请求参数
     * @param fileDir 文件下载路径
     * @return
     * @throws Exception File
     */
    public static File downloadMedia(String url, Object data, String fileDir) throws Exception  {
        //1.生成一个请求
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

        //2.配置请求属性
        //2.1 设置请求超时时间
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(100000).setConnectTimeout(100000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        //2.2 设置数据传输格式-json
        httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
        //2.3 设置请求参数
        StringEntity requestEntity = new StringEntity(JSON.toJSONString(data), "utf-8");
        httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);

        //3.发起请求，获取响应信息    
        //3.1 创建httpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        //4.设置本地保存的文件  
        //File file = new File(fileDir);
        File file = null;
        try {
            //5. 发起请求，获取响应信息    
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());
            System.out.println("HttpStatus.SC_OK:"+HttpStatus.SC_OK);  
            System.out.println("response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode():"+response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
            System.out.println("http-header:"+JSON.toJSONString( response.getAllHeaders() ));  
            System.out.println("http-filename:"+getFileName(response) );  

            //请求成功  
            if(HttpStatus.SC_OK==response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()){  

                //6.取得请求内容  
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  

                if (entity != null) {  
                    //这里可以得到文件的类型 如image/jpg /zip /tiff 等等 但是发现并不是十分有效，有时明明后缀是.rar但是取到的是null，这点特别说明  
                    System.out.println(entity.getContentType());  
                    //可以判断是否是文件数据流  
                    System.out.println(entity.isStreaming());  

                    //6.1 输出流
                    //6.1.1获取文件名，拼接文件路径
                    String fileName=getFileName(response);
                    fileDir=fileDir+fileName;
                    file = new File(fileDir);
                    //6.1.2根据文件路径获取输出流
                    FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(file);  

                    //6.2 输入流：从钉钉服务器返回的文件流，得到网络资源并写入文件  
                    InputStream input = entity.getContent();  

                    //6.3 将数据写入文件：将输入流中的数据写入到输出流
                    byte b[] = new byte[1024];  
                    int j = 0;  
                    while( (j = input.read(b))!=-1){  
                        output.write(b,0,j);  
                    }  
                    output.flush();  
                    output.close();   
                }  
                if (entity != null) {  
                    entity.consumeContent();  
                }  
            }  
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                       //释放资源


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return file;
    }


    /** 5. 获取response header中Content-Disposition中的filename值 
     * @desc ：
     *  
     * @param response  响应
     * @return String
     */
    public static String getFileName(HttpResponse response) {  
        Header contentHeader = response.getFirstHeader("Content-Disposition");  
        String filename = null;  
        if (contentHeader != null) {  
            HeaderElement[] values = contentHeader.getElements();  
            if (values.length == 1) {  
                NameValuePair param = values[0].getParameterByName("filename");  
                if (param != null) {  
                    try {  
                        //filename = new String(param.getValue().toString().getBytes(), "utf-8");  
                        //filename=URLDecoder.decode(param.getValue(),"utf-8");  
                        filename = param.getValue();  
                    } catch (Exception e) {  
                        e.printStackTrace();  
                    }  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return filename;  
    }  



}
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