Spring + Dubbo整合

Posted 2020-11-03 jiaqirumeng

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Dubbo是阿里巴巴公司开源的一个高性能优秀的服务框架，使得应用可通过高性能的 RPC 实现服务的输出和输入功能，可以和Spring框架无缝集成。

原理

dubbo的原理如下：

技术分享图片

具体步骤：

1容器启动生产者，服务段向注册中心注册要提供的服务

2启动消费者，客户端向注册中心订阅所需要的服务

3订阅完成后，消费者通过软负载均衡算法选择一台服务器，同步调用提供的服务

4如果生产者有变更（如更换机器等）注册中心会发送消息（变更后的地址列表）到消费者

它有几个角色：

container：容器

provider：生产者，服务提供方

consumer：消费者，服务调用方

monitor：监控器

registry：注册中心，用于服务注册和服务事件的发布订阅，dubbo可以选择4种注册中心：redis/simple/mulitcase/zookeeper，推荐使用zookeeper

zookeeper启动(windows环境)

启动dubbo依赖一个注册中心，这里我们使用zookeeper

下载zookeeper解压，找到conf文件夹下的zoo_sample.cfg，重命名zoo.cfg，这是zookeeper的配置文件，需要进行修改

clientPort=2181 //zookeeper启动端口，不需要改动

dataDir=D:\\\\softools\\\\zookeeper-3.4.10\\\\datas //这个是zookeeper存储数据的地址，可以自己创建一目录修改，我这里是放在datas目录下

tickTime=2000　　//zookeeper独立的工作时间单元

initLimit=10 //初始化连接时最长能忍受多少个心跳时间间隔数默认10 * 2000=20秒

syncLimit=5 //这是zookeeper 主从节点请求超时限制默认5*2000=10秒

zookeeper集群配置

server.A=B：C：D

其中 A 是一个数字，表示这个是第几号服务器；

B 是这个服务器的 ip 地址；

C 表示的是这个服务器与集群中的 Leader 服务器交换信息的端口；

D 表示的是万一集群中的 Leader 服务器挂了，需要一个端口来重新进行选举，选出一个新的 Leader，而这个端口就是用来执行选举时服务器相互通信的端口。如果是伪集群的配置方式，由于 B 都是一样，所以不同的 Zookeeper 实例通信端口号不能一样，所以要给它们分配不同的端口号。

例如我本地的伪集群配置：

server.1=127.0.0.1:2818:3818
server.2=127.0.0.1:2828:3828
server.3=127.0.0.1:2838:3838

还需要在dataDir目录下增加myid文件，内容分别为1、2、3.

修改相关配置后，启动bin/zkServer.cmd

成功启动后显示

技术分享图片

生产者

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubboserver</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>dubboserver Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.11.0.GA</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>dubboserver</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <port>8080</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

View Code

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">  

    <!-- 加载spring容器 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
         
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
</web-app>

View Code

spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
    xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo 
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">    
        
        <!-- dubbo应用名称 -->
        <dubbo:application name="dubbo-server"/>
        
        <!-- 配置dubbo注册中心 -->
        <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>
        
        <!-- 配置dubbo扫描类，将service注解的类作为服务发布 -->
        <dubbo:annotation package="dubboserver.service.impl"/>
</beans>

View Code

注意这里 xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" 是dubbo的命名空间，dubbo:配置需要它才能生效

创建接口和实现类

package dubboserver.service;

public interface TestService {
    String sayHello(String name);
}

View Code

package dubboserver.service.impl;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;

import dubboserver.service.TestService;

@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {

    @Override
    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return "hello,"+name;
    }

}

View Code

需要注意的是这里的service是使用dubbo提供的注解

消费者

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
  <artifactId>dubboclient</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>dubboclient Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.11.0.GA</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>dubboclient</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <port>8081</port>
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

View Code

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">  

    <!-- 解决post乱码 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

View Code

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
    xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo 
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">    
        
        <!-- dubbo应用名称 -->
        <dubbo:application name="dubbo-client"/>
        
        <!-- 配置dubbo注册中心 -->
        <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"/>
        
        <!-- 配置dubbo扫描类，将service注解的类作为服务发布 -->
        <dubbo:annotation package="dubboclient.controller"/>
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven>
            <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                    <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"></constructor-arg>
                </bean>
            </mvc:message-converters>
        </mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

View Code

service接口

package dubboserver.service;


public interface TestService {
    String sayHello(String name);
}

View Code

service接口在项目中一般会单独抽离出一个jar，这里我们为了方便在这里也创建一个。

controller

package dubboclient.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;

import dubboserver.service.TestService;

@RestController
public class TestController {

    @Reference
    private TestService service;
    
    @RequestMapping("sayHello")
    public String sayHello(@RequestParam String name) {
        return service.sayHello(name);
    }
}

View Code

注意：自动注入的注解使用dubbo提供的@Reference 而不是@Autowired

依次启动启动dubboserver和dubboclient，浏览器输入http://localhost:8081/sayHello?name=tom 验证

技术分享图片

启动成功！

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