一、Hibernate处理关系
关系主要有三种:1、多对一 2、一对多 3、多对多
1、多对一
一个Product对应一个Category,一个Category对应多个Product(一个产品对应一个类别,一个类别对应多个产品)
也就是Product和Category是多对一的关系。(多个产品对应一个类别)
1.1在数据test下创建表category_table,两个字段,id(自增),字符串格式name
其实也不用建表,因为Hibernate会自动建表。
use test; CREATE TABLE category_ table( id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name varchar(30) , PRIMARY KEY (id) ) DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
1.2、准备类别实体类(Category.java)
package com.demo.pojo public class Category{ private int id;//类别id private String name;//类别名称 //属性的getter/setter方法 public int getId(){ return id; } public void setId(int id){ this.id=id; } public String getName(){ return name; } public void setName(String name){ this.name=name; } }
1.3、准备类别实体类的映射xml(Category.hbm.xml)
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo"> <class name="Category" table="category_table"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"> </generator> </id> <property name="name" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
1.4、为产品实体类(Product.java)增加Category属性
package com.how2java.pojo; public class Product { int id; String name; float price; //增加Category的属性 Category category; public Category getCategory() { return category; } public void setCategory(Category category) { this.category = category; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public float getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(float price) { this.price = price; } }
1.5、为产品映射xml文件(Product.hbm.xml)设置Category多对一关系
<many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" />
使用many-to-one标签设置多对一关系,name="category",对应Product类中的category属性
class="Category"表示对应Category类,column="cid"表示指向category_table的外键。
具体配置xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo"> <class name="Product" table="product_"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"> </generator> </id> <property name="name" /> <property name="price" /> <many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
1.6、在hibernate.cfg.xml中增加Category的映射文件
<?xml version=‘1.0‘ encoding=‘utf-8‘?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- Database connection settings --> <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=GBK</property> <property name="connection.username">root</property> <property name="connection.password">admin</property> <!-- SQL dialect --> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!--Product实体类的映射文件--> <mapping resource="com/demo/pojo/Product.hbm.xml" /> <!--Category实体类的映射文件--> <mapping resource="com/demo/pojo/Category.hbm.xml" /> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
1.7测试many-to-one多对一关系
package com.demo.test; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import com.demo.pojo.Product; public class TestHibernate{ public static void main(String[] args){ SessionFactory sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory(); Session session=sf.opneSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Category category=new Category(); category.setName("car"); session.save(category); Product product=(Product)s.get(Product.clas,5);//获取id=5的产品 product.setCategory(category);//把类别设置到产品的实体类中 session.update(p); session.getTransaction().commint(); session.close(); sf.close(); } }
2、一对多
Category和Product是一对多关系(一个Category对应多个Product)
2.1、给Category实体类增加一个Set集合(无序的Product)
package com.demo.pojo import java.util.Set; public class Category{ private int id;//类别id private String name;//类别名称 //属性的getter/setter方法 public int getId(){ return id; } public void setId(int id){ this.id=id; } public String getName(){ return name; } public void setName(String name){ this.name=name; } //设置Product的Set Set<Product> products; public Set<Product> getProducts(){ return products; } public void SetProducts(Set<Product> products){ this.products=products; } }
2.2、给Category.hbm.xml增加one-to-many映射
<set name="products" lazy="false"> <key column="cid" not-null="false"/> <ont-to-many class="Product"/> </set>
set标签用于设置一对多关系,也可以设置多对多。
name="products"对应Category类中的products属性,lazy="false",表示不使用延迟加载
<key colum="cid" not-null="false"/>表示外键是cid,可以为空
<one-to-many class="Product"/>表示一对多对应的类是Product
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo"> <class name="Category" table="category_"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"> </generator> </id> <property name="name" /> <!--set标签设置一对多关系--> <set name="products" lazy="false"> <key column="cid" not-null="false" /> <one-to-many class="Product" /> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
2.3、测试one-to-many关系
首先获取id=i的category,然后通过getProducts()获取所对应的所有的product
package com.demo.test; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import com.demo.pojo.Product; public class TestHibernate{ public static void main(String[] args){ SessionFactory sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory(); Session session=sf.opneSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Category category=new Category(); category.setName("car"); session.save(category); Category category=(Category)session.get(Category.class,1);//获取id=1的类别 Set<Product> set=c.getProducts();//获取产品的集合 for(Product p:set){//遍历产品集合 System.out.println(p.getName()); } session.getTransaction().commint(); session.close(); sf.close(); } }
3、多对多
一种product可以被多个User购买,一个User可以购买多种Product
所以Product和User之间关系是多对多many-to-many
要实现多对多关系,必须要有一张中间表,user_product用于维护User和Product之间的关系
3.1、User的实体类(User.java)
增加Product集合
package com.demo.pojo; import java.util.Set; public class User{ private int id;//用户id private String name;//用户名 Set<Product> products;//产品 //属性的getter/setter方法 public int getId(){ return id; } public void setId(int id){ this.id=id; } public int getName(){ return name; } public void setName(String name){ this.name=name; } //设置Product的Set public Set<Product> getProducts(){ return products; } public void setProducts(Set<Product> products){ this.products=products; } }
3.2、User.hbm.xml映射文件xml的编写
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo"> <class name="User" table="user_"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"> </generator> </id> <property name="name" /> <!--配置Product与User的多对多关系,中间表是user_product--> <set name="products" table="user_product" lazy="false"> <key column="uid" /> <many-to-many column="pid" class="Product" /> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
3.3、Product的实体类(Product.java)
增加User的集合
package com.demo.pojo; import java.util.Set; public class Product{ private int id; private String name; private float price; Category category;//一对多 Set<User> users;//多对多 //属性的getter/setter方法 public int getId(){ return id; } public void setId(int id){ this.id=id; } public String getName(){ return name; } public void setName(String name){ this.name=name; } public float getPrice(){ return price; } public void setPrice(float price){ this.price=price; } //Category public Category getCategory(){ return category; } public void setCategory(Category category){ this.category=category; } //Set<User> public Set<User> getUser(){ return users; } public vodi setUser(Set<User> users){ this.users=users; } }
3.4、Product的映射文件配置(Product.hbm.xml)
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo"> <class name="Product" table="product_"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"> </generator> </id> <property name="name" /> <property name="price" /> <!--多对一--> <many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" /> <!-- 多对多--> <set name="users" table="user_product" lazy="false"> <key column="pid" /> <many-to-many column="uid" class="User" /> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
3.5、在hibernate.cfg.xml中增加User.hbm.xml的映射
<?xml version=‘1.0‘ encoding=‘utf-8‘?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- Database connection settings --> <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=GBK</property> <property name="connection.username">root</property> <property name="connection.password">admin</property> <!-- SQL dialect --> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!--映射文件的配置--> <mapping resource="com/demo/pojo/Product.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="com/demo/pojo/Category.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="com/demo/pojo/User.hbm.xml" /> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
3.6、测试多对多many-to-many关系
package com.demo.test; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import com.demo.pojo.Product; import com.demo.pojo.User; public class TestHibernate{ public static void main(String[] args){ SessionFactory sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory(); Session session=sf.opneSession(); session.beginTransaction(); //增加3个用户 Set<User> users=new HashSet(); for(int i=0;i<3;i++){ User u=new User(); u.setName("user"+i); users.add(u); s.save(u); } //id=1产品被用户1,2,3购买 Product product=(Product)session.get(Product.class,1); product.setUsers(users); s.save(product); session.getTransaction().commint(); session.close(); sf.close(); } }