spring事务
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1.导入jar包
spring-tx...jar
2.三个顶级接口
2.1 PlatformTransactionManager:平台事务管理器,只要管理事务必须使用事务管理器
进行事务配置时,必须配置事务管理器
导入jar包:需要使用实现类,jdbc..jar , orm...jar
public interface PlatformTransactionManager {
//通过事务详情获取事务状态,从而管理事务 TransactionStatus getTransaction(TransactionDefinition var1) throws TransactionException; //根据状态提交 void commit(TransactionStatus var1) throws TransactionException; //根据状态回滚 void rollback(TransactionStatus var1) throws TransactionException; }
2.2TransactionDefinition:事务定义、事务详情、事务属性。用于确定具体事务,例如:隔离级别、是否只读、超时时间
进行事务配置时,必须配置事务详情。spring将配置项封装到对象实例中。
传播行为:两个业务如何共享事务
PROPAGATION_REQUIRED , required , 必须 【默认值】
支持当前事务,A如果有事务,B将使用该事务。
如果A没有事务,B将创建一个新的事务。
PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS ,supports ,支持
支持当前事务,A如果有事务,B将使用该事务。
如果A没有事务,B将以非事务执行。
PROPAGATION_MANDATORY,mandatory ,强制
支持当前事务,A如果有事务,B将使用该事务。
如果A没有事务,B将抛异常。
PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW , requires_new ,必须新的
如果A有事务,将A的事务挂起,B创建一个新的事务
如果A没有事务,B创建一个新的事务
PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED ,not_supported ,不支持
如果A有事务,将A的事务挂起,B将以非事务执行
如果A没有事务,B将以非事务执行
PROPAGATION_NEVER ,never,从不
如果A有事务,B将抛异常
如果A没有事务,B将以非事务执行
PROPAGATION_NESTED ,nested ,嵌套
A和B底层采用保存点机制,形成嵌套事务。
掌握:PROPAGATION_REQUIRED、PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW、PROPAGATION_NESTED
2.3 TransactionStatus:事务状态,记录当前事务状态。例如:是否有保存点,事务是否已经完成
spring底层根据具体状态进行操作
3 事务管理:转账
3.1 搭建环境
导入jar包:
核心:4+1
aop:4 (aop联盟[规范],spring-aop【实现】,aspectJ规范,spring-aspectJ【实现】
数据库:jdbc/tx
驱动:mysql
连接池:c3p0
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountDao" class="dao.AccountDaoImp"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountService" class="service.AccountServiceImp"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property> </bean>
public class AccountDaoImp extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao { @Override public void in(Account account, int money) { this.getJdbcTemplate().update("UPDATE account set balance=balance+? where id = ?",money,account.getId()); } @Override public void out(Account account, int money) { this.getJdbcTemplate().update("UPDATE account set balance=balance-? where id = ?",money,account.getId()); } @Test public void test(){ String xmlPath = "applicationContext.xml"; ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath); AccountDao accountDao = (AccountDao) applicationContext.getBean("accountDao"); System.out.println(accountDao); accountDao.in(new Account(1,"",12),100); } }
public class AccountServiceImp implements AccountService { private AccountDao accountDao; public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } @Override public void transfer(Account in, Account out, int money) { accountDao.out(out,money); // int i = 1/0; accountDao.in(in,money); } @Test public void test(){ String xmlPath = "applicationContext.xml"; ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath); AccountService accountService = (AccountService) applicationContext.getBean("accountService"); System.out.println(accountService); accountService.transfer(new Account(2,"",10),new Account(1,"",10),500); } }
3.2 手动管理事务管理器(了解)
spring 底层使用TransactionTemplate事务模板进行操作
(1)service需要获得并使用TransactionTemplate模板
(2)spring配置模板,并注入给service
(3)模板需要注入事务管理器
(4)配置事务管理器:DataSourceTransactionTemplate
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountDao" class="dao.AccountDaoImp"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountService" class="service.AccountServiceImp"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property> <property name="transactionTemplate" ref="transactionTemplate"></property> </bean> <!--配置模板--> <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate"> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property> </bean> <!--配置事务管理器,需要事务,而事务从连接池中获得--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean>
public class AccountServiceImp implements AccountService {
private AccountDao accountDao;
private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;
//需要spring注入事务模板
public void setTransactionTemplate(TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate) {
this.transactionTemplate = transactionTemplate;
}
public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
this.accountDao = accountDao;
}
@Override
public void transfer(final Account in,final Account out,final int money) {
try{
transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {
@Override
protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) {
accountDao.out(out,money);
// int i = 1/0;
accountDao.in(in,money);
}
});
}catch (Exception e){}
}
3.3 工厂bean生成代理:半自动
配置bean:
service 代理对象
- proxyInterfaces 接口
- target 目标类
- transactionManager 事务管理器
- transactionAttributes 事务属性(事务详情)
prop.key :确定哪些方法使用当前事务配置
prop.text:用于配置事务详情
格式:PROPAGATION,ISOLATION,readOnly,-Exception,+Exception
传播行为 隔离级别 是否只读 异常回滚 异常提交
例如:
<prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT</prop> 默认传播行为,和隔离级别
<prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT,readOnly</prop> 只读
<prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT,+java.lang.ArithmeticException</prop> 有异常扔提交
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountDao" class="b_transaction_proxy_factoryBean.dao.AccountDaoImp"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountService" class="b_transaction_proxy_factoryBean.service.AccountServiceImp"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property> </bean> <!--配置生成事务代理对象的工厂bean--> <bean id="proxyAccountService" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="b_transaction_proxy_factoryBean.service.AccountService"></property> <property name="target" ref="accountService"></property> <!--配置事务管理器--> <property name="transactionManager" ref="txManager"></property> <!--配置事务详情(属性)--> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--配置事务管理器--> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean>
public class AccountServiceImp implements AccountService {
private AccountDao accountDao;
public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
this.accountDao = accountDao;
}
@Override
public void transfer(Account in, Account out, int money) {
accountDao.out(out, money);
int i = 1 / 0;
accountDao.in(in, money);
}
}
3.4 AOP配置基于xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountDao" class="c_transaction_aop.dao.impl.AccountDaoImp"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountService" class="c_transaction_aop.service.impl.AccountServiceImp"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property> </bean> <!--配置事务管理器--> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!--配置通知(Advice),事务详情 在aop筛选的基础上,确定具体方法使用什么事务。例如:AC只读,B读写 propagation:传播行为 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> <!--配置事务详情的属性--> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="transfer" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!--配置生成事务代理对象的工厂bean--> <!--aop方式配置代理对象--> <aop:config proxy-target-class="true"> <aop:pointcut id="pc" expression="execution(* c_transaction_aop.service.impl.*.*(..))"></aop:pointcut> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pc"></aop:advisor> </aop:config> </beans>
3.5 AOP配置基于注解
1.配置事务管理器,将事务交给spring
2.在目标类或方法前加@Transactional
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="123"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountDao" class="d_transaction_aop_annotation.dao.impl.AccountDaoImp"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!--配置事务管理器--> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!--将事务管理器交给spring transaction-manager:配置事务管理器 proxy-target-class:强制使用cglib --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" proxy-target-class="true" /> <!--扫描注解包--> <context:component-scan base-package="d_transaction_aop_annotation"></context:component-scan> </beans>
Service("accountService") //配置详情(通知) @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED,isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT) public class AccountServiceImp implements AccountService { @Autowired @Qualifier("accountDao") private AccountDao accountDao; public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } @Override public void transfer(Account in, Account out, int money) { accountDao.out(out,money); int i = 1/0; accountDao.in(in,money); }
}
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