Cisco Nexus3548交换机概述介绍
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Cisco Nexus 3548交换机概述介绍的方法
Cisco Nexus 3548 交换机
Cisco Nexus 3548 交换机(图 1)是 Cisco Nexus 3500 平台中的第一位成员,这是一款紧凑的单机架单元 (1RU) 封装万兆位以太网交换机,以超低延迟提供了线速第2 层和第 3 层交换。此交换机运行业内领先的 Cisco® NX-OS 软件操作系统,为客户提供了全面的功能,在全球得到了广泛部署。Cisco Nexus 3548 不包含物理层 (PHY) 芯片,实现了低延迟和低功耗。此交换机使用 AC 和 DC 电源输入,支持正向和反向空气流通方案。
图 1. Cisco Nexus 3548 交换机
CiscoNexus 3548 具有以下硬件配置:
1)48 个固定增强小型封装可插拔式 (SFP+) 端口(1 Gbps 或 10 Gbps)
2)双路冗余热插拔电源
3)四个独立的冗余热插拔风扇
4)一个1-PPS 计时端口,使用 RF1.0/2.3 QuickConnect 连接器类型
5)两个10/100/1000 管理端口
6)一个RS-232 串行控制台端口
7)一个USB 端口
8)探测器LED
9)探测器LED 按钮
提供了对正向(端口一侧排气)和反向(端口一侧进气)空气流动方案的支持。每个风扇或电源上的彩色手柄可以清楚指示空气流动方向,如图 2 和图 3 中所示。
图 2.Cisco Nexus3548 使用蓝色手柄指示正向空气流动
图 3.Cisco Nexus 3548 使用红色手柄指示反向空气流动
Cisco NX-OS 是一套数据中心级操作系统,其设计从根本上注重了模块化、灵活性和可服务性。Cisco NX-OS 可帮助确保连续可用性,为关键业务数据中心环境确立了标准。Cisco NX-OS支持自修复和高度模块化的设计,实现了零影响操作,带来了优秀的操作灵活性。
Cisco NX-OS 专注于数据中心的要求,提供了全面可靠的功能集,满足了面向现在和未来的数据中心的网络需求。使用 XML 接口和类似于 Cisco ios® 软件的命令行界面 (CLI),CiscoNX-OS 提供了先进的相关网络标准实施以及思科在数据中心层面的多种切实创新。
Cisco Nexus 3500 平台技术创新
Cisco Nexus 3500 平台中包含了创新的Algorithm Boost(也称为 Algo Boost)技术,进一步扩展了 Cisco Nexus 3000 系列的领先地位。Algo Boost 技术基于交换机专用集成电路 (ASIC) 构建,使得 Nexus 3548 可以实现低于 200 纳秒 (ns) 的优秀第 2 层和第3 层交换延迟。此外,Algo Boost 具有在延迟、转发功能以及性能可见性方面的多项创新:
1) 针对低延迟的三种可配置模式:
1.1)普通模式:此模式适用于需要低延迟和高扩展性的环境。在这一模式下,低至 250 纳秒的延迟与较高的第2 层和第 3 层扩展值匹配,具体数据请参见后文中的表 5。
1.2)极速模式:适用于环境较小且需要尽可能低延迟的客户,极速模式将转发操作整合在交换 ASIC 中,与普通操作相比,可将延迟进一步降低达 20%。在这一模式下,低至190 纳秒的延迟可以与较小的第 2 层和第 3 层扩展值匹配,具体数据请参见后文中的表 5。
1.3)极速 SPAN:在某些环境中,进入一个端口的通信流只需要尽可能快地复制到传出端口列表中,无需处理或修改。Nexus 3548 的极速 SPAN 功能使得交换机上进入单个端口中的所有通信能够以低至50 纳秒的延迟复制到任意数量的目标端口上。
2)不影响运行的网络地址转换 (NAT)*:在许多金融交易环境中,必须从提供方的 IP 空间溯源贸易订单,需要在网络间的边界上的 NAT。Cisco Nexus 3500平台可以执行 IPv4 单播路由数据包的 NAT,而不会造成任何额外的延迟。
3)活动缓冲区监视:即使在最低延迟的交换机上,在拥塞期间,数据包可能会遭遇毫秒或更高的延迟。当今的交换机并不能让管理员充分获取有关存在拥塞的信息,使得管理员无从得知问题,同时也妨碍了他们解决导致性能不佳的情况。以前的缓冲区使用情况监视技术完全基于软件轮询算法,轮询间隔超过 100 毫秒,这可能会错过重大的拥塞事件。AlgoBoost 与之相反,加快了在硬件中收集缓冲区使用情况的速度,实现了 10 纳秒或更短的取样间隔
4)高级流量镜像*:Cisco Nexus 3500 平台上的 Algo Boost 技术通过支持交换端口分析器 (SPAN) 和封装远程 SPAN (ERSPAN) 技术,不仅推动了网络故障排除,同时实现了使用中网络监视,包括以下功能方面的改进:◦应用可由用户配置的过滤器,针对指定的流或协议进行捕获,从而减少了捕获的通信量捕获符合条件数据包的样本,例如千分之一
4.1)在用户定义的阈值之后截断数据包
4.2)在捕获数据包的 ERSPAN 标头中插入纳秒级时间戳(需要 ERSPAN 和精确时间协议 [PTP])*
5)IEEE 1588 PTP 和每秒脉冲*(PPS) 输出
5.1)构建并维护同步的精确计时解决方案的功能,是成功配置和管理高性能交易网络和应用程序的基础。使用 IEEE 1588 PTP,CiscoNexus 3000 系列交换机可以在现有网络基础设置中向应用程序提供高度精确的时间同步,而无需投资部署单独的计时网络。
5.2)部署 IEEE 1588 PTP 的网络管理员通常会发现难于测量各设备的同步精度。为了解决这一问题,Cisco Nexus 3500 平台包含了 1-PPS 输出端口,可用于根据主时钟测量计时偏移。
看了“Cisco Nexus 3548交换机概述介绍”还想看:
Cisco Nexus 7000 upgrade 简易升级
运行前,得把cisco nexus 7010 升级到cisco推荐的稳定版本,以后打算一直用,没事尽量不升版本,cisco搜索nexus 7000 upgrade 有各种文档,很长的,介绍各种方法,原理,其中有如何升完一个引擎,再升另一个,这样不中断生产,但手上这个还没跑数据,简单粗暴,install all 一把升完。。。
以下是secureCRT抓取,不用担心很长,多是过程(理解过程,有助于以后生产环境中实现不间断升版本),简单粗暴的来总共就下面红字标出的三个命令(当然命令可拆解,kickstsrt一下,system一下)
之前记得把固件传到sup1 和 sup2的flash中,两个引擎都要传啊,文件大用tftp太累,建议开启feature ssh ,feature sft,用sftp传,记得sh ver,sh module ,sh boot确认之前状态
boot kickstart bootflash:n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin sup-1 sup-2
boot system bootflash:n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin sup-1 sup-2 install all kickstart bootflash:n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin system bootflash:n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin
install all kickstart bootflash:n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin system bootflash:n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin
之后记得copy running start,保存,然后sh ver,sh module ,sh boot看下有何不同(其实就是sh boot的next boot变了),最后reload 起来后sh ver,sh module ,sh boot(全变了),确认版本正确就行了。
cisco nexus交换机和cisco mds交换机分别用于两个不同的大方向,但架构貌似一样,升级过程几乎一样
全部过程如下:
switch(config)# sh version ###显示现在运行的版本为6.2.2a
Cisco Nexus Operating System (NX-OS) Software
TAC support: http://www.cisco.com/tac
Documents: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9372/tsd_products_support_series_home.html
Copyright (c) 2002-2013, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
The copyrights to certain works contained in this software are
owned by other third parties and used and distributed under
license. Certain components of this software are licensed under
the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.0 or the GNU
Lesser General Public License (LGPL) Version 2.1. A copy of each
such license is available at
http://www.opensource.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.php and
http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.php
Software
BIOS: version 2.12.0
kickstart: version 6.2(2a)
system: version 6.2(2a)
BIOS compile time: 05/29/2013
kickstart image file is: bootflash:///n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.2a.bin
kickstart compile time: 8/23/2013 15:00:00 [10/14/2013 23:54:28]
system image file is: bootflash:///n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.2a.bin
system compile time: 8/23/2013 15:00:00 [10/15/2013 03:58:57]
Hardware
cisco Nexus7000 C7010 (10 Slot) Chassis ("Supervisor Module-2")
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU with 32745068 kB of memory.
Processor Board ID JAF1833APBH
Device name: switch
bootflash: 1966080 kB
slot0: 0 kB (expansion flash)
Kernel uptime is 0 day(s), 0 hour(s), 5 minute(s), 39 second(s)
Last reset at 634999 usecs after Tue Jan 24 02:04:20 2017
Reason: Reset triggered due to Switchover Request by User
System version: 6.2(2a)
Service:
plugin
Core Plugin, Ethernet Plugin
switch(config)# show boot ###显示启动文件
Current Boot Variables:
sup-1
kickstart variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.2a.bin
system variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.2a.bin
sup-2
kickstart variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.2a.bin
system variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.2a.bin
No module boot variable set
Boot Variables on next reload:
sup-1
kickstart variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.2a.bin
system variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.2a.bin
sup-2
kickstart variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.2a.bin
system variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.2a.bin
No module boot variable set
switch(config)# dir
0 Sep 30 02:10:43 2014 20140930_021043_poap_7271_init.log
0 Jan 07 00:43:10 2017 20170107_004310_poap_7641_init.log
0 Jan 07 01:49:53 2017 20170107_014953_poap_7649_init.log
96392 Jan 20 20:53:47 2017 20170117_024219_poap_7636_init.log
510 Sep 30 01:25:05 2014 FXS1834Q4EA_910985804.lic
16384 Sep 30 01:22:45 2014 lost+found/
425889673 Jan 09 00:37:35 2017 n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin
378617383 Sep 30 01:24:48 2014 n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.2a.bin
36697088 Jan 09 00:21:09 2017 n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin
37094912 Sep 30 01:24:02 2014 n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.2a.bin
4096 Sep 30 02:08:25 2014 scripts/
4096 Sep 30 02:07:24 2014 vdc_2/
4096 Sep 30 02:07:24 2014 vdc_3/
4096 Sep 30 02:07:24 2014 vdc_4/
4096 Sep 30 02:07:24 2014 vdc_5/
4096 Sep 30 02:07:24 2014 vdc_6/
4096 Sep 30 02:07:24 2014 vdc_7/
4096 Sep 30 02:07:24 2014 vdc_8/
4096 Sep 30 02:07:24 2014 vdc_9/
Usage for bootflash://
1003073536 bytes used
771182592 bytes free
1774256128 bytes total
switch(config)# sh version module 1 ###查看某一模块版本
ModNo Image Type SW Version SW Interim Version BIOS Version
1 SLC 6.2(2a) 6.2(2a) 2.0.15
switch(config)# boot kickstart bootflash:n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin sup-1 sup-2 ###设置kickstart 启动文件
Performing image verification and compatibility check, please wait....
Note: system and kickstart bootvars are pointing to incompatible images
switch(config)# boot system bootflash:n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin sup-1 sup-2 ###设置system 启动文件
Performing image verification and compatibility check, please wait....
switch(config)# copy running-config startup-config ### 保存一下 其实应该install all执行完保存一下即可
switch(config)# install all kickstart bootflash:n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin system bootflash:n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin ###安装kickstsrt启动文件 这里同时安装 system启动文件 一把来。。。
Installer will perform compatibility check first. Please wait.
Verifying image bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin for boot variable "kickstart".
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Verifying image bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin for boot variable "system".
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Verifying image type.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Extracting "lc1n7k" version from image bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Extracting "bios" version from image bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Extracting "system" version from image bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Extracting "kickstart" version from image bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Performing module support checks.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Notifying services about system upgrade.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Compatibility check is done:
Module bootable Impact Install-type Reason
------ -------- -------------- ------------ ------
1 yes non-disruptive rolling
2 yes non-disruptive rolling
3 yes non-disruptive rolling
5 yes non-disruptive reset
6 yes non-disruptive reset
Images will be upgraded according to following table:
Module Image Running-Version(pri:alt) New-Version Upg-Required
------ ---------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ------------
1 lc1n7k 6.2(2a) 6.2(16) yes
1 bios v2.0.15(07/25/11):v2.0.15(07/25/11) v2.0.32(12/16/13) yes
2 lc1n7k 6.2(2a) 6.2(16) yes
2 bios v1.10.14(04/02/10):v1.10.14(04/02/10) v1.10.21(11/26/12) yes
3 lc1n7k 6.2(2a) 6.2(16) yes
3 bios v1.10.14(04/02/10):v1.10.14(04/02/10) v1.10.21(11/26/12) yes
5 system 6.2(2a) 6.2(16) yes
5 kickstart 6.2(2a) 6.2(16) yes
5 bios v2.12.0(05/29/2013):v2.12.0(05/29/2013) v2.12.0(05/29/2013) no
6 system 6.2(2a) 6.2(16) yes
6 kickstart 6.2(2a) 6.2(16) yes
6 bios v2.12.0(05/29/2013):v2.12.0(05/29/2013) v2.12.0(05/29/2013) no
Do you want to continue with the installation (y/n)? [n] y ###确认
Install is in progress, please wait.
Performing runtime checks.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Syncing image bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin to standby.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Syncing image bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin to standby.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Setting boot variables.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Performing configuration copy.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Module 1: Upgrading bios/loader/bootrom.
Warning: please do not remove or power off the module at this time.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Module 2: Upgrading bios/loader/bootrom.
Warning: please do not remove or power off the module at this time.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Module 3: Upgrading bios/loader/bootrom.
Warning: please do not remove or power off the module at this time.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Module 5: Upgrading bios/loader/bootrom.
Warning: please do not remove or power off the module at this time.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Module 6: Upgrading bios/loader/bootrom.
Warning: please do not remove or power off the module at this time.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
Module 6: Waiting for module online.
-- SUCCESS
Notifying services about the switchover.
[####################] 100% -- SUCCESS
"Switching over onto standby".
switch# 2017 Jan 24 02:32:59 switch %MODULE-5-STANDBY_SUP_OK: Supervisor 5 is standby
2017 Jan 24 02:32:59 switch %MODULE-5-LCM_MODULE_UPGRADE_START: Upgrade of module 1 started
2017 Jan 24 02:32:58 switch %SYSMGR-SLOT1-5-LC_UPGRADE_START: Starting linecard upgrade
2017 Jan 24 02:33:17 switch %SYSMGR-SLOT1-5-LC_UPGRADE_REBOOT: Non-disruptively rebooting linecard as a part of upgrade
2017 Jan 24 02:33:58 switch %SYSMGR-SLOT1-4-READCONF_STARTED: Configuration update started (PID 2294).
2017 Jan 24 02:33:59 switch %SYSMGR-SLOT1-5-RUNTIME_DB_RESTORE_STARTED: Runtime database controller started (PID 2295).
2017 Jan 24 02:34:06 switch %SYSMGR-SLOT1-5-RUNTIME_DB_RESTORE_SUCCESS: Runtime database successfully restored.
2017 Jan 24 02:34:18 switch %BIOS_DAEMON-SLOT1-5-BIOS_DAEMON_LC_PRI_BOOT: System booted from Primary BIOS Flash
2017 Jan 24 02:34:31 switch %MODULE-5-LCM_MODULE_UPGRADE_END: Upgrade of module 1 ended
2017 Jan 24 02:34:31 switch %MODULE-5-MOD_OK: Module 1 is online (Serial number: JAF1832AKCS)
2017 Jan 24 02:34:31 switch %PLATFORM-5-MOD_STATUS: Module 1 current-status is MOD_STATUS_ONLINE/OK
2017 Jan 24 02:34:31 switch %SYSMGR-SLOT1-5-MODULE_ONLINE: System Manager has received notification of local module becoming online.
2017 Jan 24 02:34:57 switch %MODULE-5-LCM_MODULE_UPGRADE_START: Upgrade of module 2 started
2017 Jan 24 02:34:57 switch %SYSMGR-SLOT2-5-LC_UPGRADE_START: Starting linecard upgrade
switch#
switch# copy running start
switch# reload
This command will reboot the system. (y/n)? [n] y
switch# sh module ###重启后确认模块版本
Mod Ports Module-Type Model Status
--- ----- ----------------------------------- ------------------ ----------
1 48 1/10 Gbps Ethernet Module N7K-F248XP-25E testing
2 48 1000 Mbps Optical Ethernet XL Modul N7K-M148GS-11L testing
3 48 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet XL Module N7K-M148GT-11L testing
5 0 Supervisor Module-2 N7K-SUP2E active *
6 0 Supervisor Module-2 powered-up
Mod Sw Hw
--- -------------- ------
1 6.2(16) 1.1
2 6.2(16) 1.0
3 6.2(16) 1.1
5 6.2(16) 6.1
Mod MAC-Address(es) Serial-Num
--- -------------------------------------- ----------
1 50-87-89-45-66-34 to 50-87-89-45-66-67 JAF1832AKCS
2 1c-6a-7a-ff-6c-a4 to 1c-6a-7a-ff-6c-d7 JAF1746ABSG
3 7c-0e-ce-8f-d2-88 to 7c-0e-ce-8f-d2-bb JAF1832AFEQ
5 50-87-89-46-01-1f to 50-87-89-46-01-31 JAF1833APBH
Mod Online Diag Status
--- ------------------
1 Untested
2 Untested
3 Untested
5 Pass
Xbar Ports Module-Type Model Status
--- ----- ----------------------------------- ------------------ ----------
1 0 Fabric Module 2 N7K-C7010-FAB-2 ok
2 0 Fabric Module 2 N7K-C7010-FAB-2 ok
3 0 Fabric Module 2 N7K-C7010-FAB-2 ok
Xbar Sw Hw
--- -------------- ------
1 NA 1.6
2 NA 1.6
3 NA 1.6
Xbar MAC-Address(es) Serial-Num
--- -------------------------------------- ----------
1 NA JAF1833AMAK
2 NA JAF1833AMBQ
3 NA JAF1833AMDM
* this terminal session
switch# sh ver ###确认版本
Cisco Nexus Operating System (NX-OS) Software
TAC support: http://www.cisco.com/tac
Documents: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9372/tsd_products_support_serie
s_home.html
Copyright (c) 2002-2016, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
The copyrights to certain works contained in this software are
owned by other third parties and used and distributed under
license. Certain components of this software are licensed under
the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.0 or the GNU
Lesser General Public License (LGPL) Version 2.1. A copy of each
such license is available at
http://www.opensource.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.php and
http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.php
Software
BIOS: version 2.12.0
kickstart: version 6.2(16)
system: version 6.2(16)
BIOS compile time: 05/29/2013
kickstart image file is: bootflash:///n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin
kickstart compile time: 1/27/2016 9:00:00 [04/05/2016 21:13:37]
system image file is: bootflash:///n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin
system compile time: 1/27/2016 9:00:00 [04/05/2016 22:16:06]
Hardware
cisco Nexus7000 C7010 (10 Slot) Chassis ("Supervisor Module-2")
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU with 32745060 kB of memory.
Processor Board ID JAF1833APBH
Device name: switch
bootflash: 1966080 kB
slot0: 0 kB (expansion flash)
Kernel uptime is 0 day(s), 0 hour(s), 4 minute(s), 7 second(s)
Last reset
Reason: Unknown
System version: 6.2(16)
Service:
plugin
Core Plugin, Ethernet Plugin
switch# sh boot ###确认启动项
Current Boot Variables:
sup-1
kickstart variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin
system variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin
sup-2
kickstart variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin
system variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin
No module boot variable set
Boot Variables on next reload:
sup-1
kickstart variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin
system variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin
sup-2
kickstart variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-kickstart.6.2.16.bin
system variable = bootflash:/n7000-s2-dk9.6.2.16.bin
No module boot variable set
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