java发送邮件
Posted 三豪
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了java发送邮件相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
本文转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/yejg1212/archive/2013/06/01/3112702.html#undefined
实现java发送邮件的过程大体有以下几步:
- 准备一个properties文件,该文件中存放SMTP服务器地址等参数。
- 利用properties创建一个Session对象
- 利用Session创建Message对象,然后设置邮件主题和正文
- 利用Transport对象发送邮件
需要的jar有2个:activation.jar和mail.jar
直接看个demo代码
#----------------这两个是构建session必须的字段---------- #smtp服务器 mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com #身份验证 mail.smtp.auth=true #-------------------------------------------------------------- #发送者的邮箱用户名 mail.sender.username=xxx@xx.com #发送者的邮箱密码 mail.sender.password=xxxxxxxxxx
#----------------这两个是构建session必须的字段---------- #smtp服务器 mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com #身份验证 mail.smtp.auth=true #-------------------------------------------------------------- #发送者的邮箱用户名 mail.sender.username=xxx@xx.com #发送者的邮箱密码 mail.sender.password=xxxxxxxxxx
下面是发送邮件的java代码
import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.Properties; import javax.mail.Message; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility; public class JavaMail { /** * Message对象将存储我们实际发送的电子邮件信息, * Message对象被作为一个MimeMessage对象来创建并且需要知道应当选择哪一个JavaMail session。 */ private MimeMessage message; /** * Session类代表JavaMail中的一个邮件会话。 * 每一个基于JavaMail的应用程序至少有一个Session(可以有任意多的Session)。 * * JavaMail需要Properties来创建一个session对象。 * 寻找"mail.smtp.host" 属性值就是发送邮件的主机 * 寻找"mail.smtp.auth" 身份验证,目前免费邮件服务器都需要这一项 */ private Session session; /*** * 邮件是既可以被发送也可以被受到。JavaMail使用了两个不同的类来完成这两个功能:Transport 和 Store。 * Transport 是用来发送信息的,而Store用来收信。对于这的教程我们只需要用到Transport对象。 */ private Transport transport; private String mailHost=""; private String sender_username=""; private String sender_password=""; private Properties properties = new Properties(); /* * 初始化方法 */ public JavaMail(boolean debug) { InputStream in = JavaMail.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties"); try { properties.load(in); this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host"); this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username"); this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } session = Session.getInstance(properties); session.setDebug(debug);//开启后有调试信息 message = new MimeMessage(session); } /** * 发送邮件 * * @param subject * 邮件主题 * @param sendHtml * 邮件内容 * @param receiveUser * 收件人地址 */ public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml, String receiveUser) { try { // 发件人 //InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username); // 下面这个是设置发送人的Nick name InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(MimeUtility.encodeWord("幻影")+" <"+sender_username+">"); message.setFrom(from); // 收件人 InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser); message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);//还可以有CC、BCC // 邮件主题 message.setSubject(subject); String content = sendHtml.toString(); // 邮件内容,也可以使纯文本"text/plain" message.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); // 保存邮件 message.saveChanges(); transport = session.getTransport("smtp"); // smtp验证,就是你用来发邮件的邮箱用户名密码 transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password); // 发送 transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients()); //System.out.println("send success!"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { if(transport!=null){ try { transport.close(); } catch (MessagingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } public static void main(String[] args) { JavaMail se = new JavaMail(false); se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题", "邮件内容", "xxx@XX.com"); } }
上面只能实现文本的发送,如果我们要发送附件,就需要用到Multipart对象了。
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
public class JavaMailWithAttachment {
private MimeMessage message;
private Session session;
private Transport transport;
private String mailHost = "";
private String sender_username = "";
private String sender_password = "";
private Properties properties = new Properties();
/*
* 初始化方法
*/
public JavaMailWithAttachment(boolean debug) {
InputStream in = JavaMailWithAttachment.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties");
try {
properties.load(in);
this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");
this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");
this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
session = Session.getInstance(properties);
session.setDebug(debug);// 开启后有调试信息
message = new MimeMessage(session);
}
/**
* 发送邮件
*
* @param subject
* 邮件主题
* @param sendHtml
* 邮件内容
* @param receiveUser
* 收件人地址
* @param attachment
* 附件
*/
public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml, String receiveUser, File attachment) {
try {
// 发件人
InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username);
message.setFrom(from);
// 收件人
InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser);
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
// 邮件主题
message.setSubject(subject);
// 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容,包括文本内容和附件
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
// 添加邮件正文
BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
contentPart.setContent(sendHtml, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
// 添加附件的内容
if (attachment != null) {
BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachment);
attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
// 网上流传的解决文件名乱码的方法,其实用MimeUtility.encodeWord就可以很方便的搞定
// 这里很重要,通过下面的Base64编码的转换可以保证你的中文附件标题名在发送时不会变成乱码
//sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();
//messageBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(attachment.getName().getBytes()) + "?=");
//MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免文件名乱码
attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachment.getName()));
multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart);
}
// 将multipart对象放到message中
message.setContent(multipart);
// 保存邮件
message.saveChanges();
transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
// smtp验证,就是你用来发邮件的邮箱用户名密码
transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password);
// 发送
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
System.out.println("send success!");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (transport != null) {
try {
transport.close();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JavaMailWithAttachment se = new JavaMailWithAttachment(true);
File affix = new File("c:\\\\测试-test.txt");
se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题", "邮件内容", "xxx@XXX.com", affix);//
}
}
带附件
import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.Properties; import javax.activation.DataHandler; import javax.activation.DataSource; import javax.activation.FileDataSource; import javax.mail.BodyPart; import javax.mail.Message; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Multipart; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility; public class JavaMailWithAttachment { private MimeMessage message; private Session session; private Transport transport; private String mailHost = ""; private String sender_username = ""; private String sender_password = ""; private Properties properties = new Properties(); /* * 初始化方法 */ public JavaMailWithAttachment(boolean debug) { InputStream in = JavaMailWithAttachment.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties"); try { properties.load(in); this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host"); this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username"); this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } session = Session.getInstance(properties); session.setDebug(debug);// 开启后有调试信息 message = new MimeMessage(session); } /** * 发送邮件 * * @param subject * 邮件主题 * @param sendHtml * 邮件内容 * @param receiveUser * 收件人地址 * @param attachment * 附件 */ public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml, String receiveUser, File attachment) { try { // 发件人 InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username); message.setFrom(from); // 收件人 InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser); message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to); // 邮件主题 message.setSubject(subject); // 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容,包括文本内容和附件 Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); // 添加邮件正文 BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart(); contentPart.setContent(sendHtml, "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart); // 添加附件的内容 if (attachment != null) { BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachment); attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source)); // 网上流传的解决文件名乱码的方法,其实用MimeUtility.encodeWord就可以很方便的搞定 // 这里很重要,通过下面的Base64编码的转换可以保证你的中文附件标题名在发送时不会变成乱码 //sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder(); //messageBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(attachment.getName().getBytes()) + "?="); //MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免文件名乱码 attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachment.getName())); multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart); } // 将multipart对象放到message中 message.setContent(multipart); // 保存邮件 message.saveChanges(); transport = session.getTransport("smtp"); // smtp验证,就是你用来发邮件的邮箱用户名密码 transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password); // 发送 transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients()); System.out.println("send success!"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (transport != null) { try { transport.close(); } catch (MessagingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } public static void main(String[] args) { JavaMailWithAttachment se = new JavaMailWithAttachment(true); File affix = new File("c:\\\\测试-test.txt"); se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题", "邮件内容", "xxx@XXX.com", affix);// } }
以上是关于java发送邮件的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章