Java微信公众平台开发_03_消息管理之被动回复消息

Posted shirayner

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GitHub源码:https://github.com/shirayner/weixin_gz

一、本节要点

1.回调url

上一节,我们启用服务器配置的时候,填写了一个服务器地址(url),如下图,这个url就是回调url,是开发者用来接收微信消息和事件的接口URL 。也就是说,用户在微信公众号中发送的消息会被推送到这个回调url,而我们可以接收用户的消息,并进行回复。

 

 

2.被动回复消息的流程

官方文档:

 

我们在上一节中设置的消息加解密方式是安全模式。因此在用户发给公众号的消息(接收消息)以及公众号被动回复用户消息(回复消息)都会加密,

流程

用户发送消息之后,微信服务器将消息传递给 第三方服务器,第三方服务器接收到消息后,再对消息做出相应的回复消息。

接收消息:需先从request请求对象的输入流中获取请求参数和已加密的请求消息,再对已加密的请求消息进行解密操作,即可获得明文。

                  然后就行对明文消息的业务处理了。

回复消息:封装好回复消息后,需先对回复消息进行加密,获得已已加密消息,然后再通过http请求调用被动回复消息的接口,来发送消息。

 

 

3.被动回复消息加解密

3.1接收消息的  解密

 (1)从请求的输入流中获取加密的请求消息

            //1.获取加密的请求消息:使用输入流获得加密请求消息postData
            ServletInputStream in = request.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));  

            String tempStr="";   //作为输出字符串的临时串,用于判断是否读取完毕  
            while(null!=(tempStr=reader.readLine())){  
                postData+=tempStr;  
            }  

            logger.info("postData:"+postData);
View Code

(2)对加密的请求消息进行解密获得明文 

                WXBizMsgCrypt wxcpt = new WXBizMsgCrypt(Env.TOKEN,Env.ENCODING_AES_KEY,Env.APP_ID);
                result=wxcpt.DecryptMsg(msgSignature, timeStamp, nonce, postData);
View Code

(3)解密算法

直接调用微信官方的 WXBizMsgCrypt 类的 DecryptMsg(String, String, String, String) 方法即可。

 

3.2 回复消息的加密

直接用官方加解密工具类。

                wxcpt = new WXBizMsgCrypt(Env.TOKEN,Env.ENCODING_AES_KEY,Env.APP_ID);
                replyMsg=wxcpt.EncryptMsg(replyMsg, timeStamp, nonce);
View Code

 

4.消息对象的封装

根据官方文档消息的xml传输格式,我们可以将消息封装成对象。请参见后面的代码实现部分

 

5.数据传输—对象 转成  xml字符串

 根据官方文档,数据是以XML数据包的形式进行传输的。因此,我们需要

(1)解析微信发来的请求(xmlStr),从xml字符串中获取需要的信息

(2)回复消息时,将消息对象转成xml字符串。

 

我们是使用dom4j,xstream来进行这个转换的,因此需要导入jar包,maven依赖如下:

<!-- 7.XML解析 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
            <artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.10</version>
        </dependency>

 

具体请参见代码实现的 MessageUtil 部分。

5.1  解析微信发来的请求(XML),获取请求参数 

  /**
     * @desc :1.解析微信发来的请求(XML),获取请求参数 
     *  
     * @param request
     * @return
     * @throws Exception Map<String,String>
     */
    public static Map<String, String> parseXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {  
        // 将解析结果存储在HashMap中  
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();  
  
        // 从request中取得输入流  
        InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();  
        // 读取输入流  
        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();  
        Document document = reader.read(inputStream);  
        // 得到xml根元素  
        Element root = document.getRootElement();  
        // 得到根元素的所有子节点  
        List<Element> elementList = root.elements();  
  
        // 遍历所有子节点  
        for (Element e : elementList)  
            map.put(e.getName(), e.getText());  
  
        // 释放资源  
        inputStream.close();  
        inputStream = null;  
  
        return map;  
    } 
View Code

 

5.2 将文本消息转成xml字符串

  /** 
     * 2.文本消息对象转换成xml 
     *  
     * @param textMessage 文本消息对象 
     * @return xml 
     */  
    public static String textMessageToXml(TextMessage textMessage) {  
        xstream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());  
        return xstream.toXML(textMessage);  
    }  
View Code

 

 

 二、代码实现

1.微信配置类—Env.java

微信公众号接入配置类

package com.ray.weixin.gz.config;

/**@desc  : 微信公众号接入配置
 * 
 * @author: shirayner
 * @date  : 2017年9月27日 下午4:57:36
 */

public class Env {

    /**
     * 1. 企业应用接入秘钥相关
     */
   // public static final String APP_ID = "wx4ddse2334debebef2cc";
    //public static final String APP_SECRET = "068e2599abf88ba72frrgbfs6f3c56e";
  
    //测试号
    public static final String APP_ID = "wxa00642deff56g062";
    public static final String APP_SECRET = "fcc96fefdgdhtj1a46af7993784917";
    

    /**
     * 2.服务器配置:
     * 启用并设置服务器配置后,用户发给公众号的消息以及开发者需要的事件推送,将被微信转发到该URL中
     */
    public static final String TOKEN = "weixin";
    public static final String ENCODING_AES_KEY = "JvJ1Dww6tjUU2psC3pdewegreHfovfWP3LfX1xrriz1";
    
    
  

    
}
View Code

 

 

2.HTTP请求工具类—HttpHelper.java

package com.ray.weixin.gz.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HeaderElement;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.FileEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;


/**
 * HTTP请求封装,建议直接使用sdk的API
 */
public class HttpHelper {

    /**
     * @desc :1.发起GET请求
     *  
     * @param url
     * @return JSONObject
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    public static JSONObject doGet(String url) throws Exception {

        //1.生成一个请求
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        //2.配置请求的属性
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(5000).setConnectTimeout(5000).build();//2000
        httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);

        //3.发起请求,获取响应信息    
        //3.1 创建httpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            //3.2 发起请求,获取响应信息    
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet, new BasicHttpContext());

            //如果返回结果的code不等于200,说明出错了  
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

                System.out.println("request url failed, http code=" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()
                        + ", url=" + url);
                return null;
            }
            //4.解析请求结果
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();      //reponse返回的数据在entity中 
            if (entity != null) {
                String resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");  //将数据转化为string格式  
                System.out.println("GET请求结果:"+resultStr);
                JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(resultStr);    //将String转换为 JSONObject

                if(result.getInteger("errcode")==null) {
                    return result;
                }else if (0 == result.getInteger("errcode")) {
                    return result;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("request url=" + url + ",return value=");
                    System.out.println(resultStr);
                    int errCode = result.getInteger("errcode");
                    String errMsg = result.getString("errmsg");
                    throw new Exception("error code:"+errCode+", error message:"+errMsg); 
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                     //释放资源

            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }


    /** 2.发起POST请求
     * @desc :
     *  
     * @param url   请求url
     * @param data  请求参数(json)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception JSONObject
     */
    public static JSONObject doPost(String url, Object data) throws Exception {
        //1.生成一个请求
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

        //2.配置请求属性
        //2.1 设置请求超时时间
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(100000).setConnectTimeout(100000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        //2.2 设置数据传输格式-json
        httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
        //2.3 设置请求实体,封装了请求参数
        StringEntity requestEntity = new StringEntity(JSON.toJSONString(data), "utf-8");
        httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);

        //3.发起请求,获取响应信息    
        //3.1 创建httpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try {


            //3.3 发起请求,获取响应
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());

            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

                System.out.println("request url failed, http code=" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()
                        + ", url=" + url);
                return null;
            }

            //获取响应内容
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                String resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
                System.out.println("POST请求结果:"+resultStr);

                //解析响应内容
                JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(resultStr);

                if(result.getInteger("errcode")==null) {
                    return result;
                }else if (0 == result.getInteger("errcode")) {
                    return result;
                }else {
                    System.out.println("request url=" + url + ",return value=");
                    System.out.println(resultStr);
                    int errCode = result.getInteger("errcode");
                    String errMsg = result.getString("errmsg");
                    throw new Exception("error code:"+errCode+", error message:"+errMsg); 
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();              //释放资源

            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @desc : 3.上传文件
     *  
     * @param url   请求url
     * @param file  上传的文件
     * @return
     * @throws Exception JSONObject
     */
    public static JSONObject uploadMedia(String url, File file) throws Exception {
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(5000).setConnectTimeout(5000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        
        //2.3 设置请求实体,封装了请求参数
        HttpEntity requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addPart("media",
                new FileBody(file, ContentType.create("multipart/form-data", Consts.UTF_8), file.getName())).build();

        //FileEntity requestEntity = new FileEntity(file,ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);


        httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);

        try {
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());

            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

                System.out.println("request url failed, http code=" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()
                        + ", url=" + url);
                return null;
            }
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                String resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");

                JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(resultStr);
                //上传临时素材成功
                if (result.getString("errcode")== null) {
                    // 成功
                    //result.remove("errcode");
                    //result.remove("errmsg");
                    return result;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("request url=" + url + ",return value=");
                    System.out.println(resultStr);
                    int errCode = result.getInteger("errcode");
                    String errMsg = result.getString("errmsg");
                    throw new Exception("error code:"+errCode+", error message:"+errMsg); 
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                  //释放资源


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @desc : 上传PDF
     * 见微信电子发票章节
     * 9. 向用户提供发票或其它消费凭证PDF
     *  
     * @param url
     * @param file
     * @return
     * @throws Exception 
     *   JSONObject
     */
    public static JSONObject uploadPDF(String url, File file) throws Exception {
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(5000).setConnectTimeout(5000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        
        //2.3 设置请求实体,封装了请求参数
        HttpEntity requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addPart("media",
                new FileBody(file, ContentType.create("multipart/form-data", Consts.UTF_8), file.getName())).build();

        httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);

        try {
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());

            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

                System.out.println("request url failed, http code=" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()
                        + ", url=" + url);
                return null;
            }
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                String resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");

                JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(resultStr);
                //上传临时素材成功
                if (result.getString("errcode")== null) {
                    // 成功
                    //result.remove("errcode");
                    //result.remove("errmsg");
                    return result;
                } else {
                    System.out.println("request url=" + url + ",return value=");
                    System.out.println(resultStr);
                    int errCode = result.getInteger("errcode");
                    String errMsg = result.getString("errmsg");
                    throw new Exception("error code:"+errCode+", error message:"+errMsg); 
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                  //释放资源


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return null;
    }
    /**
     * @desc : 4.下载文件 -get
     *  
     * @param url  请求url
     * @param fileDir  下载路径
     * @return
     * @throws Exception File
     */
    public static File downloadMedia(String url, String fileDir) throws Exception  {
        //1.生成一个请求
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        //2.配置请求属性
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(100000).setConnectTimeout(100000).build();
        httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);

        //3.发起请求,获取响应信息    
        //3.1 创建httpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        //4.设置本地保存的文件  
        //File file = new File(fileDir);
        File file = null;
        try {
            //5. 发起请求,获取响应信息    
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet, new BasicHttpContext());
            System.out.println("HttpStatus.SC_OK:"+HttpStatus.SC_OK);  
            System.out.println("response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode():"+response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
            System.out.println("http-header:"+JSON.toJSONString( response.getAllHeaders() ));  
            System.out.println("http-filename:"+getFileName(response) );  

            //请求成功  
            if(HttpStatus.SC_OK==response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()){  

                //6.取得请求内容  
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  

                if (entity != null) {  
                    //这里可以得到文件的类型 如image/jpg /zip /tiff 等等 但是发现并不是十分有效,有时明明后缀是.rar但是取到的是null,这点特别说明  
                    System.out.println(entity.getContentType());  
                    //可以判断是否是文件数据流  
                    System.out.println(entity.isStreaming());  

                    //6.1 输出流
                    //6.1.1获取文件名,拼接文件路径
                    String fileName=getFileName(response);
                    fileDir=fileDir+fileName;
                    file = new File(fileDir);
                    //6.1.2根据文件路径获取输出流
                    FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(file);  

                    //6.2 输入流:从钉钉服务器返回的文件流,得到网络资源并写入文件  
                    InputStream input = entity.getContent();  

                    //6.3 将数据写入文件:将输入流中的数据写入到输出流
                    byte b[] = new byte[1024];  
                    int j = 0;  
                    while( (j = input.read(b))!=-1){  
                        output.write(b,0,j);  
                    }  
                    output.flush();  
                    output.close();   
                }  
                if (entity != null) {  
                    entity.consumeContent();  
                }  
            }  
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                       //释放资源


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return file;
    }


    /**
     * @desc : 5.下载文件 - post
     *  
     * @param url  请求url
     * @param data  post请求参数
     * @param fileDir 文件下载路径
     * @return
     * @throws Exception File
     */
    public static File downloadMedia(String url, Object data, String fileDir) throws Exception  {
        //1.生成一个请求
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

        //2.配置请求属性
        //2.1 设置请求超时时间
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(100000).setConnectTimeout(100000).build();
        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
        //2.2 设置数据传输格式-json
        httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
        //2.3 设置请求参数
        StringEntity requestEntity = new StringEntity(JSON.toJSONString(data), "utf-8");
        httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);

        //3.发起请求,获取响应信息    
        //3.1 创建httpClient 
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        //4.设置本地保存的文件  
        //File file = new File(fileDir);
        File file = null;
        try {
            //5. 发起请求,获取响应信息    
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());
            System.out.println("HttpStatus.SC_OK:"+HttpStatus.SC_OK);  
            System.out.println("response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode():"+response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  
            System.out.println("http-header:"+JSON.toJSONString( response.getAllHeaders() ));  
            System.out.println("http-filename:"+getFileName(response) );  

            //请求成功  
            if(HttpStatus.SC_OK==response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()){  

                //6.取得请求内容  
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();  

                if (entity != null) {  
                    //这里可以得到文件的类型 如image/jpg /zip /tiff 等等 但是发现并不是十分有效,有时明明后缀是.rar但是取到的是null,这点特别说明  
                    System.out.println(entity.getContentType());  
                    //可以判断是否是文件数据流  
                    System.out.println(entity.isStreaming());  

                    //6.1 输出流
                    //6.1.1获取文件名,拼接文件路径
                    String fileName=getFileName(response);
                    fileDir=fileDir+fileName;
                    file = new File(fileDir);
                    //6.1.2根据文件路径获取输出流
                    FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(file);  

                    //6.2 输入流:从钉钉服务器返回的文件流,得到网络资源并写入文件  
                    InputStream input = entity.getContent();  

                    //6.3 将数据写入文件:将输入流中的数据写入到输出流
                    byte b[] = new byte[1024];  
                    int j = 0;  
                    while( (j = input.read(b))!=-1){  
                        output.write(b,0,j);  
                    }  
                    output.flush();  
                    output.close();   
                }  
                if (entity != null) {  
                    entity.consumeContent();  
                }  
            }  
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("request url=" + url + ", exception, msg=" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (response != null) try {
                response.close();                       //释放资源


            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return file;
    }


    /** 5. 获取response header中Content-Disposition中的filename值 
     * @desc :
     *  
     * @param response  响应
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