Spring Boot 实践3 --基于spring cloud 实现微服务的简单调用

Posted 2020-10-13 Coder_fang

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背景：spring boot主张微服务，所以这里不得不提出服务之间的调用

　　　这次我们使用srping cloud作为服务集成与管理者

(转载请注明来源:cnblogs coder-fang)

根据实践1，创建一个spring boot 项目(springServer)，作为服务中心:

springServer的pom文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>springbootService</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springmvcTest-1</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
    
        <dependency>
        
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>            
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    
    <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Camden.SR7</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>


</project>

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springServer的application.properties配置如下:

server.port=8000
eureka.instance.hostname=0.0.0.0
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka

设置服务中心的端口为8000，eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false，eureka.client.fetch-registry=false，这两个是禁止自己注册到服务中心，

eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone 这个参数是指定客服端调用的服务地址。

在ServiceApplication中使用@EnableEurekaServer启用服务中心：

package com.springdemo;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;


@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServiceApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new SpringApplicationBuilder(ServiceApplication.class).run(args);
    }
}

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运行Spring server，在浏览器输入 http://localhost:8000/ 进入服务中心页面,此时页面中application为空，暂时无服务注册:

修改springmvcTest项目，即实践1中创建的项目，使其支持spring cloud eureka。

　　pom中加入依赖:

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Camden.SR7</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

application.properties中加入

#for eureka
spring.application.name=db-service
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/

eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone是上述spring server项目的地址,

spring.application.name 是本项目在服务中心的名称，用于其它服务访问本服务

在SpringmvcTestApplication中加入注解@EnableDiscoveryClient 将自己注册到服务中心:

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan
public class SpringmvcTestApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringmvcTestApplication.class, args);
        
    }
}

运行springmvcTest ，观察服务注册中心页面，此时application中已有我们注册的服务:
此时 springmvcTest中的restful接口，已可以被服务中心的其它服务调用。

　创建服务消费者，使其能够调用springmvcTest项目中的restful服务：

　　根据实践1 方式创建项目(springClient),pom文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>springClient</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springmvcTest-1</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- Eureka -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
        <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Camden.SR7</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>


</project>

View Code

application.properties中加入：

spring.application.name=client
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8000/eureka/

项目入口application代码如下:

package com.test.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;



@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootClientApp {
    

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(SpringBootClientApp.class, args);
        
        RestTemplate restTemp = ctx.getBean(RestTemplate.class);
        
        String val=restTemp.getForEntity("http://db-service/user/zh", String.class).getBody();
        
        System.out.println("getVal="+val);
        
    }
}

首先注入一个 restTemplate用来调用远程rest服务

运行client,且关键输出如下:

　　到这里远程服务调用已基本完成

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