如何通过sql 查看表的结构

Posted 2023-04-01

在查询分析器中用SQL语句

可输入以下编码进行查看

sp_help tablename  (tablename是你要查看表结构的表名）

select * from information_schema.columns where table_name=你要查的表名

初级：使用管理工具SSMS    右侧对象树展开即可

中级：sp_HelpText 表名

高级：用SQL查询系统元数据

参考技术A 在查询分析器中用SQL语句：sp_help tablename (tablename是你要查看表结构的表名） 参考技术B select * from information_schema.columns where table_name='你要查的表名' 参考技术C 下边是SQLSERVER查询数据字典的语法，如果相查某一个表，只需要加where条件一个表名的连接即可。
SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT --a.id,
CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.name ELSE '' END AS 表名,
CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN isnull(f.value, '') ELSE '' END AS 表说明,
a.colorder AS 字段序号, a.name AS 字段名, CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,
a.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 标识,
CASE WHEN EXISTS
(SELECT 1
FROM dbo.sysindexes si INNER JOIN
dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id AND si.indid = sik.indid INNER JOIN
dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id AND sc.colid = sik.colid INNER JOIN
dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = si.name AND so.xtype = 'PK'
WHERE sc.id = a.id AND sc.colid = a.colid) THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 主键,
b.name AS 类型, a.length AS 长度, COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'PRECISION')
AS 精度, ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数,
CASE WHEN a.isnullable = 1 THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 允许空, ISNULL(e.text, '')
AS 默认值, ISNULL(g.[value], '') AS 字段说明, d.crdate AS 创建时间,
CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.refdate ELSE NULL END AS 更改时间
FROM dbo.syscolumns a LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.systypes b ON a.xtype = b.xusertype INNER JOIN
dbo.sysobjects d ON a.id = d.id AND d.xtype = 'U' AND
d.status >= 0 LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.syscomments e ON a.cdefault = e.id LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.sysproperties g ON a.id = g.id AND a.colid = g.smallid AND
g.name = 'MS_Description' LEFT OUTER JOIN
dbo.sysproperties f ON d.id = f.
id AND f.smallid = 0 AND
f.name = 'MS_Description'
where d.name = '表名'---查询固定表，如果所有，去掉where条件
ORDER BY d.name, a.colorder

ORACLE数据库使用USER_TAB_COLUMNS表
select TABLE_NAME,
COLUMN_NAME,
DATA_TYPE,
DATA_LENGTH
from USER_TAB_COLUMNS 参考技术D sp_MShelpcolumns 'tablename'