Java Excel 导入导出

Posted 2020-10-09 betterLearing

本文主要描述通过java实现Excel导入导出

一、读写Excel三种常用方式

1.JXL——Java Excel开放源码项目：读取，创建，更新

2.POI——Apache POI ,提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式文档案读和写的功能——使用其HSSF(Horrible SpreadSheet Format， 格式支持97-2003，高版本请使用：XSSF)

3.FASTEXCEL——采用纯java开发的excel文件读写组件，支持Excel97-2003，功能小，一般不用。

二、JXL和POI对比

POI：效率高，操作相对复杂，支持公式、宏、图像图表，一些企业应用上会非常实用，能够修饰单元格属性，支持字体、数字日期操作

JXL：效率低，操作简单，能够修饰单元格属性，格式支持不如POI强大，支持字体、数字、日期操作

三、JXL创建Excel，解析Excel

Eclipse-java Project-properties-java Build Path-Libraries-add Externa JARS-选择jxl.jar

1.创建Excel，添加数据

 1 import java.io.File;
 2 
 3 import jxl.Workbook;
 4 import jxl.write.Label;
 5 import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
 6 import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;
 7 
 8 public class JxlExpExcel {
 9 
10     public static void main(String[] args) {
11         String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
12         // 创建Excel文件
13         File file = new File("e:/jxl_test.xls");
14         try {
15             file.createNewFile();
16             // 创建工作薄
17             WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(file);
18             // 创建Sheet
19             WritableSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("sheet", 0);
20             Label label = null;
21             // 第一行设置列名
22             for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
23                 label = new Label(i, 0, title[i]);
24                 sheet.addCell(label);
25             }
26             // 追加数据
27             for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) {
28                 label = new Label(0, i, "" + i);
29                 sheet.addCell(label);
30                 label = new Label(1, i, "user" + i);
31                 sheet.addCell(label);
32                 label = new Label(2, i, "男");
33                 sheet.addCell(label);
34             }
35             // 写入数据
36             workbook.write();
37             // 关闭流
38             workbook.close();
39         } catch (Exception e) {
40             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
41             e.printStackTrace();
42         }
43     }
44 
45 }

2.读取Excel中数据，打印在控制台

 1 import java.io.File;
 2 
 3 import jxl.Cell;
 4 import jxl.Sheet;
 5 import jxl.Workbook;
 6 
 7 public class JxlReadExcel {
 8     public static void main(String[] args) {
 9         File file =new File("e:/jxl_test.xls");
10         try {
11             //创建Workbook
12             Workbook workbook =Workbook.getWorkbook(file);
13             //创建工作表sheet
14             Sheet sheet=workbook.getSheet(0);
15             //读取数据，先行后列
16             for (int i = 0; i < sheet.getRows(); i++) {
17                 for (int j = 0; j < sheet.getColumns(); j++) {
18                     Cell cell=sheet.getCell(j, i);
19                     System.out.print(cell.getContents()+"  ");
20                 }
21                 System.out.println();
22             }
23             //关闭流
24             workbook.close();
25         } catch (Exception e) {
26             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
27             e.printStackTrace();
28         }
29     }
30 }

四、POI创建、解析EXCEL

Eclipse-java Project-properties-java Build Path-Libraries-add Externa JARS-选择poi.jar和commons-io.jar

1.POI创建Excel,添加数据

 1 import java.io.File;
 2 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 3 
 4 import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
 5 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
 6 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
 7 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
 8 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
 9 
10 public class ExcelPOI {
11     public static void main(String[] args) {
12         String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
13         // 创建EXCEl工作薄
14         HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
15         // 创建一个工作表sheet
16         HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
17         // 创建第一行
18         HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
19         // 插入第一行数据，id、name、sex
20         for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
21             HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
22             cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
23         }
24         // 追加数据
25         for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
26             HSSFRow nextRow = sheet.createRow(i);
27 
28             HSSFCell cell2 = nextRow.createCell(0);
29             cell2.setCellValue("a" + i);
30 
31             cell2 = nextRow.createCell(1);
32             cell2.setCellValue("name" + i);
33 
34             cell2 = nextRow.createCell(2);
35             cell2.setCellValue("男" + i);
36         }
37         // 创建一个文件
38         File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xls");
39         //
40         try {
41             file.createNewFile();
42             // 将EXCEL存盘
43             FileOutputStream stream = FileUtils.openOutputStream(file);
44             workbook.write(stream);
45             // 关闭流
46             stream.close();
47         } catch (Exception e) {
48             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
49             e.printStackTrace();
50         }
51     }
52 }

2.POI解析Excel

 1 import java.io.File;
 2 import java.io.IOException;
 3 
 4 import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
 5 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
 6 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
 7 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
 8 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
 9 
10 public class POIReadExcel {
11 
12     public static void main(String[] args) {
13         File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xls");
14         try {
15             HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(FileUtils.openInputStream(file));
16             // 获取第一个工作表workbook.getSheet("Sheet0")
17             // HSSFSheet sheet =workbook.getSheet("Sheet0");
18             // 获取默认第一个工作表
19             HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
20             int firstRowNum = 0;
21             // 获取最后一行行号
22             int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
23             for (int i = firstRowNum; i <= lastRowNum; i++) {
24                 HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
25                 // 获取当前最后单元格列号
26                 int lastCellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
27                 for (int j = 0; j < lastCellNum; j++) {
28                     HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);
29                     String value = cell.getStringCellValue();
30                     System.out.print(value + " ");
31                 }
32                 System.out.println();
33             }
34         } catch (IOException e) {
35             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
36             e.printStackTrace();
37         }
38     }
39 
40 }

3.POI创建高版本EXCEL（把HFFS替换成XFFS，同时引入相应的jar）

 1 import java.io.File;
 2 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 3 
 4 import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
 5 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
 6 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
 7 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
 8 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
 9 
10 public class ExcelPOIXSSF {
11     public static void main(String[] args) {
12         String[] title = { "id", "name", "sex" };
13         // 创建EXCEl工作薄
14         XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
15         // 创建一个工作表sheet
16         XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
17         // 创建第一行
18         XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
19         // 插入第一行数据，id、name、sex
20         for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
21             XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
22             cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
23         }
24         // 追加数据
25         for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
26             XSSFRow nextRow = sheet.createRow(i);
27 
28             XSSFCell cell2 = nextRow.createCell(0);
29             cell2.setCellValue("a" + i);
30 
31             cell2 = nextRow.createCell(1);
32             cell2.setCellValue("name" + i);
33 
34             cell2 = nextRow.createCell(2);
35             cell2.setCellValue("男" + i);
36         }
37         // 创建一个文件
38         File file = new File("e:/poi_test.xlsx");
39         //
40         try {
41             file.createNewFile();
42             // 将EXCEL存盘
43             FileOutputStream stream = FileUtils.openOutputStream(file);
44             workbook.write(stream);
45             // 关闭流
46             stream.close();
47         } catch (Exception e) {
48             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
49             e.printStackTrace();
50         }
51     }
52 }