SSH框架简化(struts2+spring+hibernate)
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目的:
通过对ssh框架有了基础性的学习,本文主要是使用注解的方式来简化ssh框架的代码编写。
注意事项:
1.运行环境:Windows 8-64位,Eclipse(开发工具),jdk1.8.0_91,Tomcat 8.0,struts-2.3.30-apps,spring-framework-4.2.2.RELEASE,hibernate-release-5.2.2.Final,mysql数据库
2.问:既然说是简化版那么到底简化了哪些呢?
答:①原来的属性set注入改为注解
②原来的Connection(连接数据库)包改为jdbc.properties文件配置
③由于加入hibernate之后我们不需要创建表,但是向数据库里插入数据还是得自己写,以下就是插入语句:
use news;
insert into news(title,content,begintime,username) values(\'美国之死\',\'如何干掉美国...\',\'2012-03-01\',\'xiaowen\'); insert into news(title,content,begintime,username) values(\'美国之死2\',\'如何干掉美国2...\',\'2012-03-02\',\'xiaohong\'); insert into news(title,content,begintime,username) values(\'美国之死3\',\'如何干掉美国3...\',\'2012-03-03\',\'xiaochen\');
文件总序:
src目录:
WEB-INF目录下:
(开始)
一. 在eclipse右键新建一个项目并勾上生成web.xml文件
二.导入struts、spring、hibernate 相关jar包(具体可看第一篇ssh框架)
地址:未简化版ssh(struts2+spring+hibernate)框架搭建
三.在WEB-INF目录下的web.xml文件配置过滤器(struts2)和监听器(spring)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1"> <display-name>news</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>
<!-- struts2过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
<!-- spring监听器 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
四.在项目新建四个包
五.在news.dao包中新建一个接口(interface):
package news.dao; import java.util.List; public interface NewsDao { public List showAllNews(); //显示首页所有数据(查询使用的。PS:本例没用到) public String findNews(); public String deleteSingleNews(Integer id); }
六.在news.dao包新建一个类NewsDaoImpl实现NewsDao接口
package news.dao; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.query.Query; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import news.entity.News; //@Repository("myNewsDao") @Repository @Scope("prototype") public class NewsDaoImpl implements NewsDao { @Autowired //@Qualifier("mySessionFactory") //@Resource(name="mySessionFactory") private SessionFactory sf; @Override public List showAllNews() { Session session = sf.openSession(); session.getTransaction().begin(); Query query = session.createQuery("from News"); List<News> allNewList = query.getResultList(); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); return allNewList; } @Override public String findNews() { return null; } @Override public String deleteSingleNews(Integer id) { Session session = sf.openSession(); //Session session = sf.getCurrentSession();//它会与事务关联,并且在事务后自动关闭 Query query = session.createQuery("from News where id=:myid"); query.setParameter("myid", id); List<News> deleteList = query.getResultList(); //如果搜索出来是1条,就删除,如果是0条就不管了 if ( deleteList.size()==1 ) { News news = deleteList.get(0); System.out.println("删除对象:"+news.getTitle()+ " Id:"+news.getId()); session.getTransaction().begin(); session.delete(news); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); //sessionFactory关闭策略 //1.坚持使用数据库连接池(例如C3P0) //2.sessionFactory就不关闭,而使用hibernate事务自动关闭功能 // 说明:sf.openSession(); 必须关闭 // sf.openSession(); 改为:sf.getCurrentSession(); //getCurrentSession创建的线程会在事务提交或者事务回滚后自动关闭 //sf.close(); } return "deleteOK"; } }
注意:原来的spring setter注入,改为注解
七. 在news.service包中新建一个接口NewsServic
package news.service; import java.util.List; public interface NewsService { public List showAllNews(); public String findNews(); public String deleteSingleNews(Integer id); }
八.在news.service包中新建一个类实现NewsService接口
package news.service; import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import news.dao.NewsDao; import news.entity.News; //@Service("myNewsService") @Service @Scope("prototype") public class NewsServiceImpl implements NewsService { //Autowired和Qualifier 属于spring的注解, //jdk自带注解resource可以替代Autowired /* * 用resource的好处: * 1. 代码与spring 解耦,不依赖于spring * 2. 代码中没有spring的存在,可以随时切换任意一套类似spring的框架 */ @Autowired //@Qualifier("myNewsDao") //@Resource(name="myNewsDao") private NewsDao nd; @Override public List showAllNews() { //可以增加一个业务逻辑,比如:把文章的内容进行截取为20字符 //通过DAO获取数据 List<News> allNewList = nd.showAllNews(); //在return 之间,可以进行各种业务逻辑操作 return allNewList; } @Override public String findNews() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } @Override public String deleteSingleNews(Integer id) { //需要做以下判断,例如有没有权限删除,又或者判断下面是否有级联子子记录 //当可以删除时,调用DAO给直接删除 String returnValue = "deleteFailed"; returnValue = nd.deleteSingleNews(id); // TODO Auto-generated method stub return returnValue; } }
九.在news.action包中新建一个NewsAction类
package news.action; import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import news.entity.News; import news.service.NewsService; //@Controller("myNewsAction") @Controller //默认就是类的首字母小写newsAction @Scope("prototype") public class NewsAction extends ActionSupport { private String message; public String getMessage() { return message; } public void setMessage(String message) { this.message = message; } //获取从客户端传递过来的值 private Integer id; public Integer getId(){ return this.id; } //strtus自动的赋值 public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } @Autowired //@Qualifier("myNewsService") //@Resource(name="myNewsService") private NewsService ns; //定义1个list用于前端jsp显示 private List<News> allNewList; public List<News> getAllNewList() { return allNewList; } //显示首页所有数据 public String showAllNews(){ //调用service 中的showAllNews,获取所有的数据, //然后保存到 allNewList = ns.showAllNews(); return "success"; } //显示首页所有数据(查询使用的。PS:本例没用到) public String findNews(){ return ""; } public String deleteSingleNews(){ System.out.println("从客户端传递过来的ID:"+id); String returnValue = ns.deleteSingleNews(id); return returnValue; } }
十.在webcontent目录下新建一个default.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><% response.sendRedirect("NewsAction_showAllNews.action"); %>
十一.在src目录下创建struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> <!-- 第1步:先定义一个包 --> <package name="mypck001" extends="struts-default"> <action name="NewsAction_*" class="newsAction" method="{1}"> <result name="success">/WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp</result> <!-- 希望删除成功后,重新执行1次首页显示内容 --> <result name="deleteOK" type="redirectAction">NewsAction_showAllNews.action?message=deleteok&id=${id}</result> </action> </package> </struts>
十二.在src目录下新建一个applicationContext.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd"> <!-- 原理:自动注入processor解析器,用来解析注解 --> <!-- <context:annotation-config/> --> <!-- 自动扫描包,也会自动注入解释器,所以不需要 context:annotation-config--> <context:component-scan base-package="news"></context:component-scan> <!-- 引入外部属性文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入连接池,包含了数据库用户名,密码等等信息 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource" /> <!-- 配置Hibernate的其他的属性 --> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.autocommit">false</prop> <!-- 开机自动生成表 --> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> <property name="mappingResources"> <list> <value>news/entity/News.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="myDataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <!-- 每300秒检查所有连接池中的空闲连接 --> <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="300"></property> <!-- 最大空闲时间,900秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃 --> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="900"></property> <!-- 最大连接数 --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="2"></property> </bean> </beans>
十三.在news.entity包中新建一个映射文件News.hbm.xml(实体类和数据库表的映射)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="http://www.hibernate.org/xsd/hibernate-mapping"> <class name="news.entity.News" table="news"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="title" type="string" length="50" column="title" not-null="true"></property> <property name="content" type="text" length="50000" column="content" not-null="true"></property> <property name="begintime" type="date" column="begintime" not-null="true"></property> <property name="username" type="string" length="20" column="username" not-null="true"></property> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
十四.在src目录下配置jdbc.properties(外部属性文件)
<!-- mysql数据库 -->
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/news jdbc.user=root jdbc.password=123456 <-- oracle数据库 --> #oracle jdbc_oracle.driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver jdbc_oracle.url=jdbc:oracle:thin@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl jdbc_oracle.user=news jdbc_oracle.password=123456
十五.在WEB-INF目录下新建一个jsp(folder),并且在jsp下新建三个jsp文件
error_delete.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> 删除失败,原因:xxxxx </body> </html>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> 提示信息:<s:property value="message"/> 删除id:<s:property value="id"/> <br><br><br><br> <s:iterator value="allNewList"> <s:property value="id"/> <s:property value="title"/> <s:a value="NewsAction_deleteSingleNews?id=%{id}">删除</s:a> <br> </s:iterator> </body> </html>
ok.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> ok </body> </html>
运行后的效果:
(结束)
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