maven 之分模块构建web项目 及 聚合与继承特性
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说明：一下总结文档 工具为：Eclipse ， 框架：spring + springMVC + Mybatis + maven
为什么要分模块开发？ 很简单提高代码的清晰和重用。
先给大家看一下分模块项目目录架构（如图）
介绍：如上图有一个父项目(user-parent)聚合很多子项目 (user-dao, user-service, user-web）。每个项目，不管是父子，都含有一个pom.xml文件。而且要注意的是，每个模块都标出了打包类型。
注意：父项目是pom,也只能是pom。子项目有jar，或者war。根据它包含的内容具体考虑。
了解到这儿，接下来开始搭建项目：
1. 新建maven项目详解（如图）
2.重复以上的步骤一次新建 userService
3. 先建userWeb步骤（如图：）
4. 先建user-parent步骤（如图：）
注意：一定要注意，user-parent 选择packaging 为 pom.
5. 编写userDao层代码：
因为新建项目自动生成类可以根据需求修改或删除。
dao层是一些mybatis的配置，映射 和 log4j配置，以及vo类，在这里就不详细介绍，主要介绍 pom.xml内容：
项目结构（如图）
pom.xml代码：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>com.wh.user</groupId> <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <groupId>com.wh.user</groupId> <artifactId>userDao</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>userDao</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.24</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
6. 编写userService层代码：
新建项目自动生成类可以根据需求修改或删除。
dao层是一些spring的配置，不详细介绍，主要介绍 pom.xml内容：
项目结构（如图）
pom.xml代码：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.wh.user</groupId> <artifactId>user-service</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>userService</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.wh.user</groupId> <artifactId>userDao</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
重点： 红色标记代码 为依赖userDao.
7. 编写userWeb层代码：
注意项目结构，以及web.xml内容（可能项目自动生成内容与实际想要不符需要修改）；
个人建议，在新建一个web项目，将web.xml，和 META-INF文件假手动粘贴即可。
项目结构（如图）
web.xml配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance http://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-cache.xsd http://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-ehcache.xsd" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>MyBatisPro05</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- Spring配置文件 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 编码过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <async-supported>true</async-supported> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- Spring监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 添加对springmvc的支持 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <async-supported>true</async-supported> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
pom.xml如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.wh.user</groupId> <artifactId>userWeb</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <dependencies> <!-- 添加Servlet支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- 添加jtl支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 添加Spring支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.wh.user</groupId> <artifactId>userService</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>userWeb</finalName> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build> </project>
重点：红色标记代码 为依赖userService
8. 编写user-parent层代码：
注意项目结构，该项目除了有一个 pom.xml 其他的都不需要；
项目结构（如图）
pom.xml代码如：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.wh.user</groupId> <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>../user-dao</module> <module>../user-service</module> </modules> <properties> <spring.version>4.1.7.RELEASE</spring.version> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.24</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- 添加jtl支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> </project>
重点：该pom.xml中， 蓝色标记：为聚合实现。 红色标记：为依赖版本定义；
模块构建web项目已经完成。
继承特性：
为每个需要继承的 pom.xml 文件中加入<parent>标签即可。
<parent> <groupId>com.wh.user</groupId> <artifactId>user-parent</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath>../user-parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent>
谢谢，总结纯属自己巩固流程，如有看不懂抱歉。
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