Spring------Spring boot data jpa的使用方法

Posted 2020-09-14 玉天恒

tags:

篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了Spring------Spring boot data jpa的使用方法相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。

1.DoMain.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * 测试Spring Boot Data Jpa
 *
 */
@SpringBootApplication //等同于 @Configuration @EnableAutoConfiguration @ComponentScan
public class DoMain 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        SpringApplication.run(DoMain.class, args);  
    }   
}

2.User.java

import java.sql.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.NamedQueries;
import javax.persistence.NamedQuery;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 用户实体类
 *
 */
@Component
//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="my",locations = "classpath:application.yml")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="my") //配合测试类@SpringBootTest()使用
@Entity
//@NamedQueries({ 
//@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByNameWithNamedQuery",
//query = "select c from User c where c.name = ?1")})
public class User {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private char sex;
    private Date birthDate;
    private int height;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="myUser")
    private List<ContactBook> contact;
    
    public User(){}
    
    public User(int id ,String name,char sex,Date birthDate,int height,List<ContactBook> contact){
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.birthDate = birthDate;
        this.height = height;
        this.contact = contact;
    }
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public Date getBirthDate() {
        return birthDate;
    }
    public void setBirthDate(Date birthDate) {
        this.birthDate = birthDate;
    }
    public List<ContactBook> getContact() {
        return contact;
    }
    public void setContact(List<ContactBook> contact) {
        this.contact = contact;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public char getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(char sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    public int getHeight() {
        return height;
    }
    public void setHeight(int height) {
        this.height = height;
    }
    
}

3.ContackBook.java

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 通讯信息实体类
 *
 */
@Entity
@Component
public class ContactBook {
    @Id
    private int id;
//    @Column(name = "userId",nullable=false)
    private int userId;
    private int type;
    private String contact;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private User myUser;
    
    public ContactBook(){}
    
    public ContactBook(int id,int userId,int type,String contact){
        this.id = id;
        this.userId = userId;
        this.type = type;
        this.contact = contact;
    }
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public int getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }
    public void setUserId(int userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }
    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public void setType(int type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
    public String getContact() {
        return contact;
    }
    public void setContact(String contact) {
        this.contact = contact;
    }
        
}

4.UserRepository.java

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;

import com.maven.demo.model.User;

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer>{
    //基于方法名的查询
    public User readByName(String name); 
    
    //基于方法名的查询，可分页的模糊查询
    public List<User> findAllByNameLike(String name,Pageable pageable);
    
    /**
     * @Modifying表明@Query是更新或删除语句
     */
    @Modifying(clearAutomatically = true)
    @Query("update User c set c.name=:newName where c.name like :qname")
    public int updateAllByNameLike(@Param("qname") String name, @Param("newName") String newName);
    
    /**
     * 使用了原生SQL，由于命名的原因，这里的原生SQL和JPQL看上去差别不大
     */
    @Modifying(clearAutomatically = true)
    @Query(value = "delete from User c where c.name like :qname",nativeQuery = true)
    public int deleteAllByNameLike(@Param("qname") String name);
}

5.ContackBookRepository.java

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import com.maven.demo.model.ContactBook;

public interface ContactBookRepository extends JpaRepository<ContactBook, Integer>{

}

6.BootDataTest.java(测试类)

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.sql.Date;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Direction;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.maven.demo.interfaces.ContactBookRepository;
import com.maven.demo.interfaces.UserRepository;
import com.maven.demo.model.ContactBook;
import com.maven.demo.model.User;


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BootDataTest {
    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userDao;
    
    @Autowired
    private ContactBookRepository bookDao;
    
    @Before
    public void testInit() {
        List<ContactBook> books = new ArrayList<ContactBook>();
        ContactBook book = new ContactBook(1,2421,1,"123");
        books.add(book);
        bookDao.save(book);
        
        for(int i = 0;i < 20;i++){
            User user = new User(2420 + i, "天恒" + i,‘男‘,new Date(1),168,books);
            userDao.save(user);
        }
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testFindByName(){
        User user = userDao.readByName("天恒1");
        assertEquals("天恒1", user.getName());
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testfindAllByNameLike(){
        // 排序条件，降序，
        Sort sort = new Sort(Direction.DESC, new String[] { "name", "id" });

        // 分页条件，第一页，每页10条
        Pageable pagination = new PageRequest(0, 10, sort);
        
        List<User> list = userDao.findAllByNameLike("%天%",pagination);
        assertEquals(10,list.size());
    }
    
    @Test
    @Transactional //需要添加这个注解才能更新
    public void testUpdateAllByNameLike(){
        int i = userDao.updateAllByNameLike("%天恒%", "竹清");
        User user = userDao.findOne(2421);
        assertEquals("竹清", user.getName());
    }
    
    @Test
    @Transactional
    public void testDeleteAllByNameLike(){
        int i = userDao.deleteAllByNameLike("%天恒%");
        User user = userDao.findOne(2421);
        assertNull(user);
    }
    
}

7.pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.maven</groupId>
  <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>demo</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <!-- Java版本,不要在build path里面修改     -->
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.5</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
    
    <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> 
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> 
            <version>1.8.9</version> 
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>  
            <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
            <optional>true</optional>  
    </dependency> 
    
    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
        <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.192</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>
  
  <build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
   </build>
  
</project>

另附：pom.xml(使用parent标签的配置方法)(推荐)

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

  <groupId>demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>huawei</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>huawei</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <!-- Java版本 -->
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

  <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
         
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 使用mysql作为数据库，这里已经使用了H2-->
        <!-- 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>mysql</groupId> 
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
         -->
        <!-- 连接池 -->
        <!-- Spring Boot默认使用Tomcat连接池 -->
        <!-- 也可以通过配置使用其他连接池 -->
        <!-- 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
            <artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
         -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    
</project>

以上是关于Spring------Spring boot data jpa的使用方法的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章

spring-boot 源码解析spring-boot 依赖管理

Spring Boot - 手把手教小师妹自定义Spring Boot Starter

spring-boot 集成 rabbitmq

博客路线

Spring Boot Test（转）