struts2学习笔记—— 在用户注冊程序中使用验证框架
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实现目标：
详细实现
一、Struts2应用的基础配置
二、将页面显示的文本内容放到资源文件里
#register.jsp页面所需的字符串资源
title=用户注冊
username=用户名
password=密码
sex=性别
sex.male=男
sex.female=女
email=邮件地址
pwdQuestion=密码问题
pwdAnswer=密码答案
submit=注冊
reset=重置
#success.jsp页面所需的字符串资源
success=注冊成功
success.info=${user.username},恭喜你注冊成功
#error.jsp页面所需的字符串资源
failure=注冊失败
failure.info=注冊失败，原因是：${exception}<br>请<a href="{0}">又一次注冊</a>
error.username.exist=用户名已经存在
error.username.length=${getText("username")}长度必须在${minLength}到${maxLength}个字符之间
error.password.length=${getText("password")}长度必须在${minLength}到${maxLength}个字符之间
error.email.invalid=${getText("email")}格式不正确
error.username.required=${getText("username")}不能为空
error.password.required=${getText("password")}不能为空
error.email.required=${getText("mail")}不能为空
三、编写验证文件
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd"> <validators> <!-- 针对user.username字段的验证规则 --> <field name="user.username"> <!-- 使用requiredstring验证器。确保user.username字段值不为null,也不为“” --> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <message key="error.username.required"/> </field-validator> <!-- 使用stringlength验证器。确保user.username字段值的字符长在4到12之间 --> <field-validator type="stringlength"> <!-- 向stringlength验证器实例传递minLength和maxLength參数 --> <param name="minLength">4</param> <param name="maxLength">12</param> <message key="error.username.length"/> </field-validator> </field> <!-- 针对user.password字段的验证规则 --> <field name="user.password"> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <message key="error.password.required"/> </field-validator> <field-validator type="stringlength"> <param name="minLength">4</param> <param name="maxLength">12</param> <message key="error.password.length"/> </field-validator> </field> <!-- 针对user.email字段的验证规则 --> <field name="user.email"> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <message key="error.email.required"/> </field-validator> <field-validator type="email"> <message key="error.email.invalid"/> </field-validator> </field> </validators>1）.在编写验证文件时要注意。DTD的声明，我一開始对着教材上的DTD版本号输入，运行的时候发现提示了一个错误例如以下：
The file cannot be validated as the XML definition "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd" that is specified as describing the syntax of the file cannot be located.后来在网上找到了解决方式，替换成上面正确的版本号就能够了。
四、其它相关Action类、页面的编写等
package register.action;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Date;
import register.dao.UserDao;
import register.entity.User;
import register.exceptions.UsernameExistException;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private User user;
private UserDao userdao;
public RegisterAction(){
userdao=new UserDao();
}
@Override
public String doDefault()throws Exception{
return INPUT;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws SQLException, UsernameExistException{
user.setRegDate(new Date());
try{
userdao.register(user);
}catch(UsernameExistException e){
addFieldError("user.username",getText("error.username.exist"));
return INPUT;
}
return SUCCESS;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
用户实体类：User
package register.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
public class User implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Boolean sex;
private String email;
private String pwdQuestion;
private String pwdAnswer;
private Date regDate;
private Date lastLoginDate;
private String lastLoginIp;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Boolean getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(Boolean sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getPwdQuestion() {
return pwdQuestion;
}
public void setPwdQuestion(String pwdQuestion) {
this.pwdQuestion = pwdQuestion;
}
public String getPwdAnswer() {
return pwdAnswer;
}
public void setPwdAnswer(String pwdAnswer) {
this.pwdAnswer = pwdAnswer;
}
public Date getRegDate() {
return regDate;
}
public void setRegDate(Date regDate) {
this.regDate = regDate;
}
public Date getLastLoginDate() {
return lastLoginDate;
}
public void setLastLoginDate(Date lastLoginDate) {
this.lastLoginDate = lastLoginDate;
}
public String getLastLoginIp() {
return lastLoginIp;
}
public void setLastLoginIp(String lastLoginIp) {
this.lastLoginIp = lastLoginIp;
}
}
对注冊用户的数据库操作.UserDao
package register.dao;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import register.entity.User;
import register.exceptions.UsernameExistException;
public class UserDao {
public UserDao(){
String driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
try{
Class.forName(driverClass);
}catch(ClassNotFoundException ce){
ce.printStackTrace();
}
}
public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException{
String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/user";
String user="tankcat_2";
String pw="wxt222$$$";
return DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,pw);
}
public User register(User user) throws SQLException, UsernameExistException{
Connection conn=null;
PreparedStatement pstmt=null;
ResultSet rs=null;
try{
conn=getConnection();
String sql="select * from reg_user where username = ?";
pstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, user.getUsername());
rs=pstmt.executeQuery();
if(rs.next()){
throw new UsernameExistException();
}
sql="insert into reg_user(username,password,sex,email,pwd_question,pwd_answer,reg_date) values(?,?
,?
,?,?
,?,?)";
pstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, user.getUsername());
pstmt.setString(2, user.getPassword());
pstmt.setBoolean(3, user.getSex());
pstmt.setString(4, user.getEmail());
pstmt.setString(5, user.getPwdQuestion());
pstmt.setString(6,user.getPwdAnswer());
pstmt.setTimestamp(7, new java.sql.Timestamp(user.getRegDate().getTime()));
pstmt.execute();
rs=pstmt.executeQuery("select last_insert_id()");
if(rs.next()){
user.setId(rs.getInt(1));
}else{
return null;
}
}catch(SQLException se){
throw se;
}finally{
closeResultSet(rs);
closePreparedStatement(pstmt);
closeConnection(conn);
}
return user;
}
private void closeResultSet(ResultSet rs) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(rs!=null){
try{
rs.close();
}catch(SQLException se){
se.printStackTrace();
}
rs=null;
}
}
private void closePreparedStatement(PreparedStatement pstmt) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(pstmt!=null){
try{
pstmt.close();
}catch(SQLException se){
se.printStackTrace();
}
pstmt=null;
}
}
private void closeConnection(Connection conn) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(conn!=null){
try{
conn.close();
}catch(SQLException se){
se.printStackTrace();
}
conn=null;
}
}
}
struts.xml文件的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> <package name="default" extends="struts-default"> <action name="register" class="register.action.RegisterAction"> <exception-mapping result="error" exception="java.lang.Exception"/> <result name="input">/register.jsp</result> <result name="success">/success.jsp</result> <result name="error">/error.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title><s:text name="title"/></title> </head> <body> <hr color="#ededed"/> <s:fielderror/> <s:form action="register.action"> <s:textfield name="user.username" key="username"/> <s:password name="user.password" key="password"/> <s:radio name="user.sex" value="true" list="#{true:getText(‘sex.male‘),false:getText(‘sex.female‘)}" key="sex"/> <s:textfield name="user.email" key="email"/> <s:textfield name="user.pwdQuestion" key="pwdQuestion"/> <s:textfield name="user.pwdAnswer" key="pwdAnswer"/> <s:submit key="submit"/> <s:reset key="reset"/> </s:form> </body> </html>
succes.jsp注冊成功页面的编写
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>欢迎界面</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:property value="user.username"/>。欢迎
</body>
</html>error.jsp注冊失败页面的编写
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%
//String path = request.getContextPath();
//String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
//得到Web应用程序的上下文路径
String path=request.getContextPath();
//构建Web应用程序上下文路径的完整URL
String basePath=request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title><s:text name="failure"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<s:text name="failure.info">
<s:param><%=basePath %>register!default.action</s:param>
</s:text>
</body>
</html>该Struts2应用程序的文件夹结构例如以下图：
Action的doDefault方法之前。验证框架被调用了。
<action name="register" class="register.action.RegisterAction"> <exception-mapping result="error" exception="java.lang.Exception"/> <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"> <param name="validation.excludeMethods">default</param> </interceptor-ref> <result name="input">/register.jsp</result> <result name="success">/success.jsp</result> <result name="error">/error.jsp</result> </action>重新启动Tomcat，再次測试用户注冊程序。此时一切执行正常
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