Rabbitmq消息队列详解——SpringBoot整合

Posted 2023-01-11 wzq_55552

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SpringBoot整合

依赖：

<!-- 加入rabbitmq -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置：

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-springboot

  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.169.135
    port: 5672
    username: root
    password: 123456
    virtual-host: wzq.host #虚拟主机，最好名字是/开头，rabbitmq中先创建

配置会自动配置到RabbitTemplate，直接注入使用即可。

队列和交换机的创建是在消费者处创建的，如果没有消费者，队列和交换机不会创建。

//@Payload Object message消息是实体类的json数据

hello模型

没有交换机，直接发消息到队列

生产者：

    @Resource
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //发送到hello队列
    @Test
    public void hello()
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello","hello world!");

消费者：

@Component
@RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue(value = "hello"/**,durable = "true",autoDelete = "true"**/))
//消费者，监听hello队列，没有队列就创建，默认配置是持久化、非独占、不是自动删除
public class HelloCustomer 

    @RabbitHandler
    public void receice1(String message)
        System.out.println("message = " + message);

任务模型

没有交换机，多个消费者，轮询平均分配给消息者

生产者：

    @Resource
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //发送到work队列
    @Test
    public void work()
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) 
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("work",i+"work模型！");

消费者：

@Component
public class WorkCustomer 

    //多个消费者

    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("work"))
    public void receive1(String message)
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    

    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("work"))
    public void receive2(String message)
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);

fanout模型

交换机把所有消息都分配到每一个与它绑定的队列中，路由key没意义

生产者：

    @Resource
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //fanout广播模型
    @Test
    public void fanout()
        //交换机、路由key、内容
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("logs","","fanout模型！");

消费者：

@Component
public class FanoutCustomer 

    //多个消费者

    @RabbitListener(bindings = 
            @QueueBinding(
                    //@Queue("名字")不写名字则创建一个临时队列，写就创建对应名字的队列
                    value = @Queue,
                    exchange = @Exchange(value = "logs", type = "fanout") //交换机名字跟消费者一样
            )
    )
    public void receive1(String message)
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    

    @RabbitListener(bindings = 
            @QueueBinding(
                    //@Queue("名字")不写名字则创建一个临时队列
                    value = @Queue,
                    exchange = @Exchange(value = "logs", type = "fanout") //交换机名字跟消费者一样
            )
    )
    public void receive2(String message)
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);

direct模型

路由key指定消息队列，队列key和消息key一致就接收消息

生产者：

    @Resource
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //direct路由模型
    @Test
    public void direct()
        //交换机、路由key、内容
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("directs","info","direct模型info消息！");

消费者：

@Component
public class DirectCustomer 

    @RabbitListener(bindings = 
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue("direct"), 
                    exchange = @Exchange(value = "directs"),  //默认类型就是type
                    key = "info","error","warning"
            )
    )
    public void receive1(String message)
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    

    @RabbitListener(bindings = 
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue, //临时队列
                    exchange = @Exchange(value = "directs"),  //默认类型就是type
                    key = "info"
            )
    )
    public void receive2(String message)
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);

只接收对应key的消息

topic模型

*指匹配单个，#指匹配所有

生产者：

    @Resource
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //topic动态路由模型
    @Test
    public void topic()
        //交换机、路由key、内容
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topics","user.save","topic模型user.save消息！");

消费者：

@Component
public class TopicCustomer 

    @RabbitListener(bindings = 
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue,
                    exchange = @Exchange(value = "topics",type = "topic"),  //默认类型就是type
                    key = "user.save","user.*"
            )
    )
    public void receive1(String message)
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    

    @RabbitListener(bindings = 
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue,
                    exchange = @Exchange(value = "topics",type = "topic"),  //默认类型就是type
                    key = "order.#","produce.#","user.*"
            )
    )
    public void receive2(String message)
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);