ArcEngine实现空间分析

Posted 2022-12-11 杨千羽

 ArcEngine实现空间分析

1.熟悉 ITopologicalOperator 接口(用于空间拓扑运算)的使用
2.熟悉 IRelationalOperator 接口(用于空间关联运算)的使用
3.熟悉 IProximityOperator 接口(用于空间距离运算)的使用

●·● 目录：

A1 ………… ITopologicalOperator5 接口

• 公共方法：
• Buffer 方法：
• Boundary 方法：
• Clip 方法：
• ConvexHull 方法：
• Cut 方法：
• Union 方法：
• Intersect 方法：
• Difference 方法：

A2 ………… IRelationalOperator 接口

• 公共方法：
• Contains 方法：
• Overlaps 方法：

A3 ………… IPoint 接口
A4 ………… ICurve3 接口
A5 ………… ISegment 接口
A6 ………… ICircularArc 接口

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写在前面：

使用空间分析的时候，会提示这样的错误“异常来自 HRESULT:0x80040215”，其原因就是：

在使用 ITopologicalOperator求交集等操作的时候，
有时会出现“ HRESULT:0x80040215”这个异常，
原来是空间参考不一样所致。因此只要SpatialReference 
属性设为同一空间参考就不会出现“ HRESULT:0x80040215”异常。

所以在进行空间分析之前，要保证所建立的shapefile文件具有相同的SpatialReference！

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╠════╣    第A1个    ╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
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●·● ITopologicalOperator5 接口：

1. Provides additional information on non-simple geometries.【拓扑操作】

　　Members

		Description
	Boundary 返回值：IGeometry	The boundary of this geometry. A polygon's boundary is a polyline. A polyline's boundary is a multipoint. A point or multipoint's boundary is an empty point or multipoint.
	Buffer (double distance) 返回值：IGeometry	Constructs a polygon that is the locus of points at a distance less than or equal to a specified distance from this geometry. 通过给定距离，得到操作图形的缓冲区，返回得到缓冲区几何图形！ 但是这里面的距离很是蹊跷，同时实验发现，我写入 0.01 的时候，大约表示 1km，所以大约是 1:100 000 的关系！
	Clip (IEnvelope clipperEnvelope)	Constructs the intersection of this geometry and the specified envelope. 返回矩形部分的要素，直接作用在要素上面！
	ClipDense	Constructs the intersection of this geometry and the specified envelope; densifies lines in output contributed by the clipping envelope.
	ClipEx	Constructs the intersection of this geometry and the specified envelope.
	ClipToDomain	Clips the geometry to the domain of the spatial reference. Useful for ensuring that buffers can be fit within the spatial domain of the feature class to which they are being added.
	ConstructUnion	Defines this geometry to be the union of the inputs. More efficient for unioning multiple geometries than calling Union repeatedly.
	ConvexHull	Constructs the convex hull of this geometry.
	Cut	Splits this geometry into a part left of the cutting polyline, and a part right of it.
	Cut2	Divides a geometry into multiple parts
	Difference	Constructs the geometry containing points from this geometry but not the other geometry.
	GeoNormalizeEx	Shifts longitudes, if need be, into a continuous range of 360 degrees.
	Intersect	Constructs the geometry that is the set-theoretic intersection of the input geometries. Use different resultDimension values to generate results of different dimensions.
	IntersectMultidimension	Constructs the set-theoretic intersection of the inputs. The results are returned in a geometry bag with one element per result dimension.
	IsKnownSimple	Indicates whether this geometry is known (or assumed) to be topologically correct.
	IsKnownSimple	Indicates whether this geometry is known (or assumed) to be topologically correct.
	IsSimple	Indicates whether this geometry is known (or assumed) to be topologically correct, after explicitly determining this if the geometry is not already known (or assumed) to be simple.
	IsSimpleEx	Determines why a geometry is not simple. Currently only implemented for polygons.
	QueryClipped	Redefines clippedGeometry to be the intersection of this geometry and the clipping envelope.
	QueryClippedDense	Redefines clippedGeometry to be the intersection of this geometry and the clipping envelope; densifies lines in the output contributed by the clipping envelope.
	Simplify	Makes this geometry topologically correct.
	SymmetricDifference	Constructs the geometry that contains points from either but not both input geometries.
	Union	Constructs the geometry that is the set-theoretic union of the input geometries.

　　CoClasses that implement ITopologicalOperator

CoClasses and Classes	Description
GeoEllipse (esriDefenseSolutions)	Its a spheroidal ellipse.
GeometryBag	An ordered collection of objects that support the IGeometry interface.
GeoPolygon (esriDefenseSolutions)	Its a spheroidal polygon.
GeoPolyline (esriDefenseSolutions)	This is a spheroidal polyline.
MultiPatch	A collection of surface patches.
Multipoint	An ordered collection of points; optionally has measure, height and ID attributes.
Point	A two dimensional point, optionally with measure, height, and ID attributes.
Polygon	A collection of rings ordered by their containment relationship; optionally has measure, height and ID attributes.
Polyline	An ordered collection of paths; optionally has measure, height and ID attributes.

※ | ※ → 公共代码部分：

//公共变量！~

IMap pMap;
IActiveView pActiveView;
IEnvelope pEnv;
ISelectionEnvironment pSelectionEnv;
IEnumFeature pEnumFeature;
IGraphicsContainer pGraphicsContainer;
IFeature pFeature;
IGeometry pGeometry;
IEnvelope pEnvClip;
IPolyline pLineCut;
IPolygon pFirstPolygon;

//鼠标点击事件！~

private void axMapControl1_OnMouseDown(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnMouseDownEvent e)

    axMapControl1.MousePointer = esriControlsMousePointer.esriPointerCrosshair;
    if (isClip) //此时要拉Clip框
    
        pEnvClip = axMapControl1.TrackRectangle();
        isClip = false;
    
    else if (isCut)
    
        pLineCut = axMapControl1.TrackLine() as IPolyline;
        isCut = false;
    
    else if (isFirstIn)
    
        pMap = axMapControl1.Map;
        pActiveView = pMap as IActiveView;
        pEnv = axMapControl1.TrackRectangle();

        pSelectionEnv = new SelectionEnvironment();
        pSelectionEnv.DefaultColor = GetColor(0, 255, 0);
        pMap.SelectByShape(pEnv, pSelectionEnv, false);
        pActiveView.Refresh();
        pEnumFeature = axMapControl1.Map.FeatureSelection as IEnumFeature;
    
    else
    
        pMap = axMapControl1.Map;
        pActiveView = pMap as IActiveView;
        pEnv = axMapControl1.TrackRectangle();

        pSelectionEnv = new SelectionEnvironment();
        pSelectionEnv.DefaultColor = GetColor(255, 0, 0);
        pMap.SelectByShape(pEnv, pSelectionEnv, false);
        pActiveView.Refresh();
        pEnumFeature = axMapControl1.Map.FeatureSelection as IEnumFeature;
    

//RGB颜色！~

private IRgbColor GetColor(int r, int g, int b)

    IRgbColor pColor = new RgbColor();
    pColor.Red = r;
    pColor.Green = g;
    pColor.Blue = b;
    return pColor;

 

※ | ※ → Buffer：

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    while (true)
    
        pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;    //定义容器
        pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next();     //遍历要素
        if (pFeature == null)            //若不存在要素，则推出循环
            break;
        pGeometry = pFeature.Shape;     //获取要素的Geometry
        ITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; //QI到拓扑操作
        IGeometry pBufferGeo = pTopoOperator.Buffer(2);     //缓冲区分析

        IElement pElement = new PolygonElement();
        pElement.Geometry = pBufferGeo;     //获取得到的缓冲区

        pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); //显示缓冲区
        pActiveView.Refresh();
    

 

※ | ※ → Boundary：

private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    while (true)
    
        pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;    //定义容器
        pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next();     //遍历要素
        if (pFeature == null)            //若不存在要素，则推出循环
            break;
        pGeometry = pFeature.Shape;     //获取要素的Geometry
        ITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; //QI到拓扑操作
        IGeometry pBoundary = pTopoOperator.Boundary;  //获取边界

        ILineElement pLineEle = new LineElementClass();
        ISimpleLineSymbol pSLS = new SimpleLineSymbol();
        IRgbColor pColor = GetColor(0, 255, 0);
        pSLS.Color = pColor;
        pSLS.Width = 5;
        pLineEle.Symbol = pSLS;

        IElement pElement = pLineEle as IElement;
        pElement.Geometry = pBoundary;

        pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); //显示边界
        pActiveView.Refresh();
    

 

※ | ※ → Clip：

bool isClip = false;
private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    isClip = true;


private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    while (true)
    
        pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;    //定义容器
        pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next();     //遍历要素
        if (pFeature == null)            //若不存在要素，则推出循环
            break;
        pGeometry = pFeature.Shape;     //获取要素的Geometry
        ITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; //QI到拓扑操作
        pTopoOperator.Clip(pEnvClip);

        IElement pElement = new PolygonElement();
        pElement.Geometry = pGeometry;     //获取得到的缓冲区

        pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); //显示缓冲区
        pActiveView.Refresh();
    

 

※ | ※ → ConvexHull：

private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    while (true)
    
        pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;    //定义容器
        pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next();     //遍历要素
        if (pFeature == null)            //若不存在要素，则推出循环
            break;
        pGeometry = pFeature.Shape;     //获取要素的Geometry
        ITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; //QI到拓扑操作
        IGeometry pBufferGeo = pTopoOperator.ConvexHull();

        IElement pElement = new PolygonElement();
        pElement.Geometry = pBufferGeo;     //获取得到的缓冲区

        pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); //显示缓冲区
        pActiveView.Refresh();
    

 

※ | ※ → Cut：

bool isCut = false;

private void button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    isCut = true;


private void button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    while (true)
    
        pGraphicsContainer = pMap as IGraphicsContainer;    //定义容器
        pFeature = pEnumFeature.Next();     //遍历要素
        if (pFeature == null)            //若不存在要素，则推出循环
            break;
        pGeometry = pFeature.Shape;     //获取要素的Geometry
        ITopologicalOperator pTopoOperator = pGeometry as ITopologicalOperator; //QI到拓扑操作ry
        IGeometry pGeoRight = new PolygonClass();
        IGeometry pGeoLeft = new PolygonClass();
        pTopoOperator.Cut(pLineCut, out pGeoLeft, out pGeoRight);

        IElement pElement = new PolygonElement();

        IFillShapeElement pFillEle = pElement as IFillShapeElement;
        ISimpleFillSymbol pSFS = new SimpleFillSymbol();
        pSFS.Color = GetColor(255, 255, 0);
        pFillEle.Symbol = pSFS;

        pElement.Geometry = pGeoLeft;     //获取得到的缓冲区
        pGraphicsContainer.AddElement(pElement, 0); //<
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