win32day09-对话框/子控件/静态块/按钮/文本编辑框
Posted 吴英强
tags:
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对话框
1 对话框的分类
2 对话框的基本使用方式
3 对话框资源
4 有模式对话框的使用
5 无模式对话框的使用
5.1 添加对话框资源
5.2 定义窗口处理函数
BOOL CALLBACK DialogProc(
HWND hwndDlg, // handle to dialog box
UINT uMsg, // message
WPARAM wParam, // first message parameter
LPARAM lParam ); // second message parameter
5.3 创建对话框
HWND CreateDialog(
HINSTANCE hInstance,//应用程序实例句柄
LPCTSTR lpTemplate,//对话框的资源ID
HWND hWndParent,//父窗口
DLGPROC lpDialogFunc );//对话框的窗口处理函数
返回值是创建好的对话框的窗口句柄。
5.4 显示对话框
ShowWindow
5.5 关闭对话框
EndDialog
点击查找的时候， 无模式对话框出来。
// WinModelessDlg.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "resource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;
BOOL CALLBACK FindDlgProc( HWND hWnd,
UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
switch( nMsg )
case WM_CREATE:
MessageBox( NULL, "WM_CREATE",
"WinDlg", MB_OK );
break;
case WM_INITDIALOG:
MessageBox( NULL, "WM_INITDIALOG",
"WinDlg", MB_OK );
break;
case WM_SYSCOMMAND:
switch( wParam )
case SC_CLOSE:
EndDialog( hWnd, 0 );
break;
break;
return 0;
void Find( HWND hWnd )
//创建对话框
HWND hDlg = CreateDialog( g_hInst,
MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_FIND),
hWnd, FindDlgProc );
//显示对话框
ShowWindow( hDlg, SW_SHOW );
void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam );
switch( nCmdID )
case ID_EXIT:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
break;
case ID_FIND:
Find( hWnd );
break;
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,
UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam )
switch( nMsg )
case WM_COMMAND:
OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,
wParam, lParam );
BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
WNDCLASSEX wce = 0 ;
wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce );
wce.cbClsExtra = 0;
wce.cbWndExtra = 0;
wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);
wce.hCursor = NULL;
wce.hIcon = NULL;
wce.hIconSm = NULL;
wce.hInstance = g_hInst;
wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;
wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );
if( 0 == nAtom )
return FALSE;
return TRUE;
HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst,
MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) );
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,
pszClassName, "MyWnd",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst,
NULL );
return hWnd;
void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd )
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
void Message( )
MSG msg = 0 ;
while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
TranslateMessage( &msg );
DispatchMessage( &msg );
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
g_hInst = hInstance;
RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );
HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );
DisplayWnd( hWnd );
Message( );
return 0;
5.6 与有模式对话框对比
创建函数: 有模式对话框DialogBox
无模式对话框 CreateDialog
程序执行方式:
有模式对话框会阻塞,禁止其他窗口的输入
无模式对话框会让主程序,不影响其它窗口的输入
6 对话框中的消息
WM_INITDIALOG消息,用途类似于WM_CREATE消息
可以在对话框创建完成后,进行数据初始化.
它与WM_CREATE不同之处是,WM_INITDIALOG消息
会在对话框资源模板上的所有子控件(按钮等)
创建完成后,再发送给对话框窗口.
wParam - 当前接受输入焦点子控件窗口句柄
lParam - 创建时附带的参数
7 对话框和普通窗口的对比
7.1 创建方式
普通窗口: CreateWindow/Ex
对话框: DialogBox/CreateDialog
7.2 消息
普通窗口: 会收到WM_CREATE
对话框: WM_INITDIALOG
7.3 关闭方式:
普通窗口: DestoryWindow等
对话框: EndDialog
子控件
1 子控件
1.1 控件的类型
由Windows系统定义的窗口类型,可以提供
相应的功能.包括按钮、文本编辑框、静态框等.
1.2 控件的创建
都可以使用CreateWindow/CreateWindowEx
创建，并获取到控件HWND。创建时每个子控件
都要有相应的ID号，ID号要求不重复。
1.3 控件的消息
子控件和父窗口(一般窗口或者对话框)的交互
都是通过消息完成。如果子窗口状态发生变化，
子窗口会向父窗口发送相应的消息。
一般父窗口会使用SendMessage函数向子窗口
发送消息。
父窗口响应子窗口发送的消息一般是在
WM_COMMAND进行处理。
静态框
1 静态框创建
窗口类的名称 - STATIC, 用于窗口上
显示文字等, 如果使用SS_ICON/SS_BITMAP
风格可以显示ICON和BITMAP
文本静态框 - 创建时使用SS_SIMPLE即可
ICON静态框 -创建时需要使用SS_ICON,并且
将静态框的窗口名称设置成对应ICON的资源
ID号,例如"#101".
2 静态框的命令相应
2.1 静态框要添加SS_NOTIFY风格
2.2 WM_COMMAND进行处理
WPARAM - HIWORD 命令ID
LOWORD 静态框的窗口ID
LPARAM - 静态框的窗口句柄.
3 静态框的消息
调用SendMessage函数,向Static控件发送消息
例如: STM_SETICON消息修改控件显示图标
SendMessage( hStatic, STM_SETICON,
(WPARAM)hIcon, 0 );
其他:
GetDlgItem 从窗口中获取指定ID的子控件的
窗口句柄
// WinStatic.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "resource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;
void OnCreate( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
CreateWindow( "STATIC", "hello Static",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|SS_SUNKEN|SS_SIMPLE|SS_NOTIFY,
50, 50, 100, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)1001,
g_hInst, NULL );
CreateWindow( "STATIC", "#101",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|SS_SUNKEN|SS_ICON|SS_NOTIFY,
200, 50, 100, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)1002,
g_hInst, NULL );
void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
int nCmdID = HIWORD( wParam );
int nCtrlID = LOWORD( wParam );
switch( nCtrlID )
case 1001:
case 1002:
switch( nCmdID )
case STN_CLICKED:
MessageBox( NULL, "Hello Static",
"WinStatic", MB_OK );
break;
break;
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,
UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam )
switch( nMsg )
case WM_CREATE:
OnCreate( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,
wParam, lParam );
BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
WNDCLASSEX wce = 0 ;
wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce );
wce.cbClsExtra = 0;
wce.cbWndExtra = 0;
wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);
wce.hCursor = NULL;
wce.hIcon = NULL;
wce.hIconSm = NULL;
wce.hInstance = g_hInst;
wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;
wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );
if( 0 == nAtom )
return FALSE;
return TRUE;
HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,
pszClassName, "MyWnd",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, g_hInst,
NULL );
return hWnd;
void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd )
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
void Message( )
MSG msg = 0 ;
while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
TranslateMessage( &msg );
DispatchMessage( &msg );
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
g_hInst = hInstance;
RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );
HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );
DisplayWnd( hWnd );
Message( );
return 0;
按钮
1 按钮的分类
根据创建按钮时使用的风格:
1.1 下压式按钮 PUSH BUTTON
正常下压式按钮 BS_PUSHBUTTON
三态下压按钮 BS_3STATE/BS_AUTO3STATE
1.2 分组按钮 Group Button
按钮样式:BS_GROUPBOX
1.3 多选按钮 Check Box
按钮样式:BS_CHECKBOX/BS_AUTOCHECKBOX
1.4 单选按钮 Radio Box
按钮样式:BS_RADIOBUTTON/
BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON
2 下压式按钮的使用2.1 创建按钮
创建时使用BUTTON
2.2 命令消息
BN_CLICKED消息: 当点击按钮通过
WM_COMMAND消息通知父窗口
2.3 通知消息
SendMessage
3 分组按钮
3.1 创建分组按钮
3.2 常用于对窗口内控件划分区域,增加
界面的友好性
4 多选按钮 CheckBox
4.1 创建使用 BS_CHECKBOX/BS_AUTOCHECKBOX
BS_AUTOCHECKBOX 选择状态系统自动维护
BS_CHECKBOX 选择状态需要自己维护
4.2 命令响应
BN_CLICKED 通过WM_COMMAND消息
4.3 通知消息
BM_GETCHECK 获取当前按钮被选择的状态
BM_SETCHECK 设置当前按钮被选择的状态
wParam 用于设置状态标示
状态: BST_CHECKED 或 BST_UNCHECKED
5 单选按钮 RadioBox
5.1 创建使用 BS_RADIOBUTTON/BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON
BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON 选择状态系统自动维护
BS_RADIOBUTTON 选择状态需要自己维护
注意:
RadionBox分组 - 使用WS_GROUP样式,可以将
RadionBox分成多个组.
A CreateWindow ( ,,,WS_GROUP );
B CreateWindow...
C CreateWindow ( ,,,WS_GROUP );
D CreaetWindow...
A和B是一组, C和D是一组
5.2 命令响应
BN_CLICKED 通过WM_COMMAND消息
5.3 通知消息
与CheckBox类似
// WinButton.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;
void OnCreate( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
//PUSH BUTTON
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "PushButton",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_PUSHBUTTON,
100, 50, 100, 30,
hWnd, (HMENU)1001, g_hInst, NULL );
//三态按钮
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "Auto3State",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTO3STATE|BS_PUSHLIKE,
100, 100, 100, 30,
hWnd, (HMENU)2001, g_hInst, NULL );
//分组按钮
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "分组一",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_GROUPBOX,
50, 30, 300, 300,
hWnd, (HMENU)3001, g_hInst, NULL );
//多选按钮 CheckBox
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "选项一",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTOCHECKBOX,
100, 150, 100, 30,
hWnd, (HMENU)4001, g_hInst, NULL );
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "选项二",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_CHECKBOX,
100, 180, 100, 30,
hWnd, (HMENU)4002, g_hInst, NULL );
// 单选按钮
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "A",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON|WS_GROUP,
100, 240, 100, 30, hWnd,
(HMENU)5001, g_hInst, NULL );
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "B",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,
100, 270, 100, 30, hWnd,
(HMENU)5002, g_hInst, NULL );
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "C",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON|WS_GROUP,
100, 300, 100, 30, hWnd,
(HMENU)5003, g_hInst, NULL );
CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "D",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,
100, 330, 100, 30, hWnd,
(HMENU)5004, g_hInst, NULL );
void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
int nNotifyCode = HIWORD( wParam );
int nEventID = LOWORD( wParam );
switch( nEventID )
case 1001:
switch( nNotifyCode )
case BN_CLICKED:
MessageBox( NULL, "Hello PushButton",
"WinButton", MB_OK );
break;
break;
case 4002:
HWND hCtrl = GetDlgItem( hWnd, 4002 );
LRESULT nCheck = 0;
switch( nNotifyCode )
case BN_CLICKED:
//获取当前CheckBox的状态
nCheck = SendMessage( hCtrl,
BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0 );
//判断当前状态是否被选择
if( nCheck & BST_CHECKED )
//设置为不选择状态
SendMessage( hCtrl,BM_SETCHECK,
BST_UNCHECKED, 0 );
else
//设置成选择状态
SendMessage( hCtrl,BM_SETCHECK,
BST_CHECKED, 0 );
break;
break;
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,
UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam )
switch( nMsg )
case WM_CREATE:
OnCreate( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,
wParam, lParam );
BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
WNDCLASSEX wce = 0 ;
wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce );
wce.cbClsExtra = 0;
wce.cbWndExtra = 0;
wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);
wce.hCursor = NULL;
wce.hIcon = NULL;
wce.hIconSm = NULL;
wce.hInstance = g_hInst;
wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;
wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );
if( 0 == nAtom )
return FALSE;
return TRUE;
HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,
pszClassName, "MyWnd",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, g_hInst,
NULL );
return hWnd;
void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd )
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
void Message( )
MSG msg = 0 ;
while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
TranslateMessage( &msg );
DispatchMessage( &msg );
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
g_hInst = hInstance;
RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );
HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );
DisplayWnd( hWnd );
Message( );
return 0;
文本编辑框
1 文本编辑框的样式
1.1 单行文本编辑框 -默认样式
1.2 多行文本编辑框 - ES_MULTILINE
1.3 密码文本编辑框 - ES_PASSWORD
2 文本编辑框的使用
2.1 创建
窗口类名称EDIT.
2.2 Notify消息
EN_CHANGE 当编辑框内容发生变化时,
会通知父窗口
2.3 EDIT窗口消息
EM_SETSEL 选择消息 WPARAM是起始字符位置
LPARAM是终止字符位置
窗口消息: WM_COPY, WM_PASET,WM_CUT等消息
WM_SETTEXT, WM_GETTEXT, WM_GETTEXTLEN
SetWindowText
GetWindowText/GetWindowTextLen
// WinEdit.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "resource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;
HWND g_hEdit = NULL;
void OnCreate( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
g_hEdit = CreateWindow( "EDIT", "Hello EDIT",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_HSCROLL|
WS_VSCROLL|ES_AUTOHSCROLL|
ES_AUTOVSCROLL|ES_MULTILINE,
0, 0, 100, 200, hWnd,
(HMENU)1001, g_hInst, NULL );
void OnSize( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
int nWidth = LOWORD( lParam );
int nHeight= HIWORD( lParam );
if( NULL != g_hEdit )
//将EDIT窗口填满整个客户区
MoveWindow( g_hEdit, 0, 0, nWidth,
nHeight, TRUE );
void OnSave( )
//获取文字长度
LRESULT nTextLen = SendMessage( g_hEdit,
WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, 0, 0 );
//获取文字
CHAR * pszBuff = NULL;
pszBuff = (CHAR *)malloc( nTextLen + 1 );
memset( pszBuff, 0, nTextLen + 1 );
SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_GETTEXT,
nTextLen + 1, (LPARAM)pszBuff );
//MessageBox( NULL, pszBuff, "WinEdit", MB_OK );
//保存文件
FILE * pFile = fopen( "C:\\\\1.txt", "w+" );
fwrite( pszBuff, nTextLen, 1, pFile );
fclose( pFile );
//释放内存
free( pszBuff );
void OnOpen( )
//打开文件读取数据
FILE * pFile = fopen( "C:\\\\1.txt", "r" );
//获取文件长度
fseek( pFile, 0, SEEK_END );
long nFileLen = ftell( pFile );
fseek( pFile, 0, SEEK_SET );
//读取文件数据
CHAR * pszBuf = (CHAR *)
malloc( nFileLen + 1 );
memset( pszBuf, 0, nFileLen + 1 );
fread( pszBuf, nFileLen, 1, pFile );
//关闭文件
fclose( pFile );
//将字符显示在EDIT窗口
SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_SETTEXT,
0, (LPARAM)pszBuf );
//释放内存
free( pszBuf );
void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
int nNotifyCode = HIWORD( wParam );
int nEventID = LOWORD( wParam );
switch( nEventID )
case 1001:
switch( nNotifyCode )
case EN_CHANGE:
//MessageBox( NULL, "EN_CHANGE",
// "WinEdit", MB_OK );
break;
break;
case ID_SELALL:
SendMessage( g_hEdit, EM_SETSEL, 0, -1 );
break;
case ID_COPY:
SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_COPY, 0, 0 );
break;
case ID_PASTE:
SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_PASTE, 0, 0 );
break;
case ID_SAVE:
OnSave( );
break;
case ID_OPEN:
OnOpen( );
break;
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,
UINT nMsg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam )
switch( nMsg )
case WM_CREATE:
OnCreate( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_SIZE:
OnSize( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,
wParam, lParam );
BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
WNDCLASSEX wce = 0 ;
wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce );
wce.cbClsExtra = 0;
wce.cbWndExtra = 0;
wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);
wce.hCursor = NULL;
wce.hIcon = NULL;
wce.hIconSm = NULL;
wce.hInstance = g_hInst;
wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;
wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );
if( 0 == nAtom )
return FALSE;
return TRUE;
HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName )
HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst,
MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) );
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(
WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
pszClassName, "我的记事本",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst,
NULL );
return hWnd;
void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd )
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
void Message( )
MSG msg = 0 ;
while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
TranslateMessage( &msg );
DispatchMessage( &msg );
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
g_hInst = hInstance;
RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );
HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );
DisplayWnd( hWnd );
Message( );
return 0;
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