开源项目Web Bench 详解，内附视频
Posted Linux猿
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了开源项目Web Bench 详解，内附视频相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
一、项目结构
Web Bench 项目主要包括三个文件：webbench.c、socket.c、Makefile。
- webbench.c : 测压主文件
- socket.c : 将 socket 的连接封装成了函数
- Makefile : 程序的编译文件
二、Web Bench 流程图
三、构建环境
Linux version 5.15.0-46-generic (buildd@lcy02-amd64-007) (gcc (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) 9.4.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.34) #49~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Aug 4 19:15:44 UTC 2022
四、构建方法
make
./webbench 参数信息
五、源码分析
5.1 源码
/*
* (C) Radim Kolar 1997-2004
* This is free software, see GNU Public License version 2 for
* details.
*
* Simple forking WWW Server benchmark:
*
* Usage:
* webbench --help
*
* Return codes:
* 0 - sucess
* 1 - benchmark failed (server is not on-line)
* 2 - bad param
* 3 - internal error, fork failed
*
*/
#include "socket.c"
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <rpc/types.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <signal.h>
/* values */
volatile int timerexpired = 0; // 标记测试时间是否用完
int speed = 0;
int failed = 0; // 记录失败次数
int bytes = 0; // 记录读取的字节数
/* globals */
/* 0 - http/0.9
1 - http/1.0
2 - http/1.1
*/
int http10 = 1;
/* Allow: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE */
#define METHOD_GET 0
#define METHOD_HEAD 1
#define METHOD_OPTIONS 2
#define METHOD_TRACE 3
#define PROGRAM_VERSION "1.5"
int method = METHOD_GET;
int clients = 1; // 进程个数，默认 1 个
int force = 0; // 是否接受服务区的返回信息
int force_reload = 0;
int proxyport = 80;
char *proxyhost = NULL;
int benchtime = 30;
/* internal */
int mypipe[2];
char host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
#define REQUEST_SIZE 2048
char request[REQUEST_SIZE];
// 预先定义的长参数
static const struct option long_options[]=
"force",no_argument,&force,1,
"reload",no_argument,&force_reload,1,
"time",required_argument,NULL,'t',
"help",no_argument,NULL,'?',
"http09",no_argument,NULL,'9',
"http10",no_argument,NULL,'1',
"http11",no_argument,NULL,'2',
"get",no_argument,&method,METHOD_GET,
"head",no_argument,&method,METHOD_HEAD,
"options",no_argument,&method,METHOD_OPTIONS,
"trace",no_argument,&method,METHOD_TRACE,
"version",no_argument,NULL,'V',
"proxy",required_argument,NULL,'p',
"clients",required_argument,NULL,'c',
NULL,0,NULL,0
;
// 函数声明
static void benchcore(const char* host,const int port, const char *request);
static int bench(void);
static void build_request(const char *url);
// 当 SIGALRM 信号触发时，调用此函数
static void alarm_handler(int signal)
timerexpired = 1;
// 参数说明
static void usage(void)
fprintf(stderr,
"webbench [option]... URL\\n"
" -f|--force Don't wait for reply from server.\\n" // 不等待服务器返回
" -r|--reload Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.\\n"
" -t|--time <sec> Run benchmark for <sec> seconds. Default 30.\\n" // 运行测试多长时间
" -p|--proxy <server:port> Use proxy server for request.\\n" // 使用代理服务器
" -c|--clients <n> Run <n> HTTP clients at once. Default one.\\n" // 一次运行多少个客户端共同测试
" -9|--http09 Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.\\n" // 使用什么协议，支持长短参数
" -1|--http10 Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.\\n"
" -2|--http11 Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.\\n"
" --get Use GET request method.\\n" // 使用 GET 请求方法
" --head Use HEAD request method.\\n" // 使用 HEAD 请求方法
" --options Use OPTIONS request method.\\n" // 使用 OPTIONS 请求方法
" --trace Use TRACE request method.\\n" // 使用 TRACE 请求方法
" -?|-h|--help This information.\\n" // 显示帮助信息
" -V|--version Display program version.\\n" // 显示版本信息
);
;
//主函数
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
// 1. 参数解析
int opt = 0; // 接收 getopt_long 返回结果
int options_index = 0;
char *tmp = NULL;
// 如果一个参数，参数错误，输出参数规则
if(argc==1)
usage(); // 参数说明
return 2;
// 使用 getopt_long 函数解析参数，支持长短参数
while((opt = getopt_long(argc,argv, "912Vfrt:p:c:?h", long_options, &options_index)) != EOF)
switch(opt)
case 0 : break;
case 'f': force=1;break;
case 'r': force_reload=1;break;
case '9': http10=0;break;
case '1': http10=1;break;
case '2': http10=2;break;
case 'V': printf(PROGRAM_VERSION"\\n");exit(0);
case 't': benchtime=atoi(optarg);break; // 转化为测压时间
case 'p': // 设置了代理
/* 解析代理服务器 server:port */
tmp = strrchr(optarg,':'); // tmp 为 port
proxyhost = optarg;
if(tmp == NULL)
break;
if(tmp==optarg) // 缺少 hostname
fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s: Missing hostname.\\n",optarg);
return 2;
if(tmp==optarg+strlen(optarg)-1) //缺少 port
fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s Port number is missing.\\n",optarg);
return 2;
*tmp='\\0';
proxyport=atoi(tmp+1);break; //将 port 转化为数字，此时，proxyhost 和 proxyport 都解析出来了
case ':':
case 'h':
case '?': usage();return 2;break; // ：/h/? 都输出参数说明
case 'c': clients=atoi(optarg);break; // 转化为客户端个数
if(optind == argc) // 没有 URL
fprintf(stderr,"webbench: Missing URL!\\n");
usage();
return 2;
if(clients == 0) clients = 1; // 默认 clients 为 1
if(benchtime == 0) benchtime = 60; // 设置 benchtime 为 60s
/* Copyright */
fprintf(stderr,"Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark "PROGRAM_VERSION"\\n"
"Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.\\n");
// 2. 构建请求
build_request(argv[optind]);
// 3. 输出测压信息
printf("\\nBenchmarking: ");
switch(method)
case METHOD_GET:
default:
printf("GET");break;
case METHOD_OPTIONS:
printf("OPTIONS");break;
case METHOD_HEAD:
printf("HEAD");break;
case METHOD_TRACE:
printf("TRACE");break;
printf(" %s",argv[optind]); // 输出 URL
switch(http10) // 输出使用的 HTTP 协议版本
case 0: printf(" (using HTTP/0.9)");break;
case 2: printf(" (using HTTP/1.1)");break;
printf("\\n");
if(clients==1) printf("1 client");
else
printf("%d clients",clients);
printf(", running %d sec", benchtime);
if(force) printf(", early socket close");
if(proxyhost!=NULL) printf(", via proxy server %s:%d",proxyhost,proxyport);
if(force_reload) printf(", forcing reload");
printf(".\\n");
//4. 开始测压
return bench();
// 构建请求
void build_request(const char *url)
char tmp[10];
int i;
// 初始化
bzero(host,MAXHOSTNAMELEN);
bzero(request,REQUEST_SIZE);
// 1. 检查通信协议，添加请求方法到 request
if(force_reload && proxyhost != NULL && http10 < 1) http10 = 1;
if(method == METHOD_HEAD && http10 < 1) http10 = 1;
if(method == METHOD_OPTIONS && http10 < 2) http10 = 2;
if(method == METHOD_TRACE && http10 < 2) http10 = 2;
switch(method)
default:
case METHOD_GET: strcpy(request,"GET");break;
case METHOD_HEAD: strcpy(request,"HEAD");break;
case METHOD_OPTIONS: strcpy(request,"OPTIONS");break;
case METHOD_TRACE: strcpy(request,"TRACE");break;
// 2. 添加空格
strcat(request," ");
// 3. 检查 URL
if(NULL==strstr(url,"://"))
fprintf(stderr, "\\n%s: is not a valid URL.\\n",url);
exit(2);
// 检查 url 长度
if(strlen(url) > 1500)
fprintf(stderr,"URL is too long.\\n");
exit(2);
// 如果代理为空，且 url 不是以 http:// 开头，则输出错误
if(proxyhost == NULL)
if (0 != strncasecmp("http://", url, 7))
fprintf(stderr,"\\nOnly HTTP protocol is directly supported, set --proxy for others.\\n");
exit(2);
/* protocol/host delimiter */
i = strstr(url, "://") - url + 3;
if(strchr(url+i, '/') == NULL)
fprintf(stderr,"\\nInvalid URL syntax - hostname don't ends with '/'.\\n");
exit(2);
if(proxyhost == NULL)
/* get port from hostname */
if(index(url+i,':')!=NULL && index(url+i,':')<index(url+i,'/'))
strncpy(host,url+i,strchr(url+i,':')-url-i);
bzero(tmp,10);
strncpy(tmp,index(url+i,':')+1,strchr(url+i,'/')-index(url+i,':')-1);
/* printf("tmp=%s\\n",tmp); */
proxyport=atoi(tmp);
if(proxyport==0) proxyport=80;
else
strncpy(host,url+i,strcspn(url+i,"/"));
// printf("Host=%s\\n",host);
strcat(request+strlen(request),url+i+strcspn(url+i,"/"));
else
// printf("ProxyHost=%s\\nProxyPort=%d\\n",proxyhost,proxyport);
strcat(request,url);
// 处理通信协议
if(http10 == 1)
strcat(request," HTTP/1.0"); // 将 " HTTP/1.0" 追加到 request 后
else if (http10 == 2)
strcat(request," HTTP/1.1");
strcat(request,"\\r\\n");
if(http10 > 0)
strcat(request,"User-Agent: WebBench "PROGRAM_VERSION"\\r\\n");
if(proxyhost == NULL && http10 > 0)
strcat(request,"Host: ");
strcat(request,host);
strcat(request,"\\r\\n");
if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL)
strcat(request,"Pragma: no-cache\\r\\n");
if(http10 > 1)
strcat(request,"Connection: close\\r\\n");
/* add empty line at end */
if(http10>0) strcat(request,"\\r\\n");
// 打印 request
printf("Req=%s\\n",request);
/* vraci system rc error kod */
static int bench(void)
printf("function bench\\n");
int i, j, k;
pid_t pid = 0;
FILE *f;
// 检查目标服务器是否可用
printf("host = %s\\n", host);// www.baidu.com
i = Socket(proxyhost == NULL ? host:proxyhost,proxyport);
if(i < 0)
fprintf(stderr,"\\nConnect to 以上是关于开源项目Web Bench 详解，内附视频的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章