Spring Boot构建RESTful API

Posted 2020-09-01 ilinux_one

• @Controller：修饰class，用来创建处理http请求的对象
• @RestController：Spring4之后加入的注解，原来在@Controller中返回json需要@ResponseBody来配合，如果直接用@RestController替代@Controller就不需要再配置@ResponseBody，默认返回json格式。
• @RequestMapping：配置url映射
• RESTful API具体设计如下：

请求类型	URL	功能说明
GET	/users	查询用户列表
POST	/users	创建一个用户
GET	/users/id	根据id查询一个用户
PUT	/users/id	根据id更新一个用户
DELETE	/users/id	根据id删除一个用户

User实体定义：

     private Long id; 
    private String name; 
    private Integer age; 

    // 省略setter和getter

User  restful接口声明

@RequestMapping(value = "/users")
public interface UserRestService {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    List<User> getUserList();

    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    String postUser(@ModelAttribute User user);

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    User getUser(@PathVariable Long id);

    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.PUT)
     String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @ModelAttribute User user);

    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id);
}

接口实现

@RestController
public class UserRestServiceImpl implements  UserRestService {

    static Map<Long, User> users = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Long, User>());

    @Override
    public List<User> getUserList() {
        List<User> r = new ArrayList<User>(users.values());
        return r;
    }

    @Override
    public String postUser(@ModelAttribute User user) {
        users.put(user.getId(), user);
        return "success";
    }

    @Override
    public User getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
        return users.get(id);
    }

    @Override
    public String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @ModelAttribute User user) {
        User u = users.get(id);
        u.setName(user.getName());
        u.setAge(user.getAge());
        users.put(id, u);
        return "success";
    }

    @Override
    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
        users.remove(id);
        return "success";
    }
}

验证：

以创建用户为例

response