Windows ToolTips简要介绍
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Windows 标准控件ToolTips简要介绍
参考文档 MSDN
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff486072(v=vs.85).aspx
一，什么是ToolTips
ToolTips 就是一个类似于一个悬浮的文本框，在鼠标指针移动上去能显示特定的文本。
各种ToolTips样式。
二，创建ToolTips
HWND hwndTip = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hwndParent, NULL, hinstMyDll,
NULL);
SetWindowPos(hwndTip, HWND_TOPMOST,0, 0, 0, 0,
SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);
此后ToolTips的窗口函数自动维护Tooltips的尺寸，位置和显示隐藏状态等。 ToolTips的高度基于所设置的字体的高度。
1.激活ToolTips
Tooltips可以处于激活和未激活的状态。激活状态下ToolTips会显示文本。 当ToolTips未激活，其文本讲不被显示。即使鼠标指针放在一个Tools上发送TTM_ACTIVE可以激活和关闭激活一个ToolTips的状态。
2.将ToolTips关联Tools
创建一个TOOLINFO的结构体对象，设置uID为关联工具的ID
设置uFlags为 TTF_IDISHWND
并发送TTM_ADDTOOL消息给ToolTips的句柄。后面的完整的例子。
3.显示文本
默认使用TOOLINFO的 lpszText为显示问题。 可以发送TTM_UPDATETIPTEXT消息来更新显示值。
如果将lpszText 设置为 LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK ToolTips需要显示文本时候，会Call之前注册的父窗口句柄的窗口函数并发送 TTN_GETDISPINFO通知码，
该消息包含了指向NMTTDISPINFO 结构的指针用于修改相应的文本，以供后续显示使用。
4.消息和通知
windows默认只发送消息给包含鼠标指针的窗口，并不会发送消息给ToolTips。因此需要关联ToolTips和其对应的父窗口活控件ID来控制其显示（恰当的位置和恰当的时间）。
ToolTips会自动处理一下的消息。
1.通过TOOLINFO绑定过的控件或者父窗口的矩形区域。
2.绑定ToolTip的父窗口在同一个线程内。
满足以上两个条件 将TOOLINFO的uFlags设置为 TTF_SUBCLASS 然后发送TTM_ADDTOOL消息给Tooltip的句柄。 但是ToolTips和关联的窗口必须有直接的消息通路。也就是父窗口和子窗口的关系。 如果你关联了别的进程的窗口，还是收不到消息的。可能要使用HOOK。此时你应该发送TTM_RELAYEVENT消息给tooltip 参考Tracking Tooltip
当Tooltip要显示的时候会发送给其拥有者窗口TTN_SHOW通知码。 TTN_POP表明Tooltip即将要隐藏。 通过WM_NOTIFY消息发送。
三，ToolTips应用
1.一个简单的ToolTips的例子
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#include "resource.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HINSTANCE g_hInst;
HWND hTTWnd;
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int)
g_hInst = hInstance;
INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX cx = sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), ICC_BAR_CLASSES ;
BOOL ret = InitCommonControlsEx(&cx);
return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), NULL, (DLGPROC)MyDlgProc);
// Description:
// Creates a tooltip for an item in a dialog box.
// Parameters:
// idTool - identifier of an dialog box item.
// nDlg - window handle of the dialog box.
// pszText - string to use as the tooltip text.
// Returns:
// The handle to the tooltip.
//
HWND CreateToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, PTSTR pszText)
if (!toolID || !hDlg || !pszText)
return FALSE;
// Get the window of the tool.
HWND hwndTool = GetDlgItem(hDlg, toolID);
// Create the tooltip. g_hInst is the global instance handle.
HWND hwndTip = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hDlg, NULL,
g_hInst, NULL);
if (!hwndTool || !hwndTip)
return (HWND)NULL;
// Associate the tooltip with the tool.
TOOLINFO toolInfo = 0 ;
toolInfo.cbSize = sizeof(toolInfo);
toolInfo.hwnd = hDlg;
toolInfo.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_SUBCLASS;
toolInfo.uId = (UINT_PTR)hwndTool;
toolInfo.lpszText = pszText;
SendMessage(hwndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)&toolInfo);
return hwndTip;
void CreateToolTipForRect(HWND hwndParent)
// Create a tooltip.
HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hwndParent, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);
SetWindowPos(hwndTT, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0,
SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);
// Set up "tool" information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.
TOOLINFO ti = 0 ;
ti.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
ti.uFlags = TTF_SUBCLASS;
ti.hwnd = hwndParent;
ti.hinst = g_hInst;
ti.lpszText = TEXT("This is your tooltip string.");
GetClientRect(hwndParent, &ti.rect);
// Associate the tooltip with the "tool" window.
SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&ti);
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
switch (uMsg)
case WM_INITDIALOG:
CreateToolTipForRect(hDlg);
break;
case WM_CLOSE:
EndDialog(hDlg, FALSE);
break;
return FALSE;
这个代码很简单就是在Windows对话框上显示ToolTips。可是编译以后死活不显示，初始化InitCommonControlsEx的调用也没有问题。观察到自己创建的对话框风格非常复古。
和MSDN上的大相径庭。
后来查阅相关资料。这是由于项目缺少了Manifest定义。在网上找了一个Manifest的定义文件在项目加载此文件就解决了此问题。关于Manifest文件的定义参考此文章
MSDN: Enable Visual Style in your program.
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb773175(v=vs.85).aspx#no_extensions
Windows.Manifest定义如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
<assemblyIdentity
name="Microsoft.Windows.XXXX"
processorArchitecture="x86"
version="5.1.0.0"
type="win32"/>
<description>Windows Shell</description>
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity
type="win32"
name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls"
version="6.0.0.0"
processorArchitecture="x86"
publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df"
language="*"
/>
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
</assembly>运行结果如下。
关于这个问题深入研究发现，是调用TOOLINFOW类的时候如果程序加载Common Control 6.0以下的版本，这个结构体的定义的实际size比6.0少4个字节。
而ANSI版本无此问题。如果使用Unicode版本必须加入manifest强制让应用程序加载common Control 6.0才能使用sizeof(TOOLINFOW)的返回值。
否则就要将此值减去4
参考此文章： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2545682/unicode-tooltips-not-showing-up/15173051
2. 一个指定位置显示Tooltip的例子 同时显示2个Tooltip并且自己定位Toolpis的位置。
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#include "resource.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HINSTANCE g_hInst;
HWND hTTWnd;
HWND g_hwndTrackingTT;
HWND g_hwndTrackingTT1;
TOOLINFO g_toolItem;
BOOL g_TrackingMouse;
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int)
g_hInst = hInstance;
INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX cx = sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), ICC_BAR_CLASSES ;
BOOL ret = InitCommonControlsEx(&cx);
return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), NULL, (DLGPROC)MyDlgProc);
// Description:
// Creates a tooltip for an item in a dialog box.
// Parameters:
// idTool - identifier of an dialog box item.
// nDlg - window handle of the dialog box.
// pszText - string to use as the tooltip text.
// Returns:
// The handle to the tooltip.
//
HWND CreateToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, PTSTR pszText)
if (!toolID || !hDlg || !pszText)
return FALSE;
// Get the window of the tool.
HWND hwndTool = GetDlgItem(hDlg, toolID);
// Create the tooltip. g_hInst is the global instance handle.
HWND hwndTip = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hDlg, NULL,
g_hInst, NULL);
if (!hwndTool || !hwndTip)
return (HWND)NULL;
// Associate the tooltip with the tool.
TOOLINFO toolInfo = 0 ;
toolInfo.cbSize = sizeof(toolInfo);
toolInfo.hwnd = hDlg;
toolInfo.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_SUBCLASS;
toolInfo.uId = (UINT_PTR)hwndTool;
toolInfo.lpszText = pszText;
SendMessage(hwndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)&toolInfo);
return hwndTip;
void CreateToolTipForRect(HWND hwndParent)
// Create a tooltip.
HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hwndParent, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);
SetWindowPos(hwndTT, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0,
SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);
// Set up "tool" information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.
TOOLINFO ti = 0 ;
ti.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
ti.uFlags = TTF_SUBCLASS;
ti.hwnd = hwndParent;
ti.hinst = g_hInst;
ti.lpszText = TEXT("This is your tooltip string.");
GetClientRect(hwndParent, &ti.rect);
// Associate the tooltip with the "tool" window.
SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&ti);
HWND CreateTrackingToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, WCHAR* pText)
// Create a tooltip.
HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hDlg, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);
if (!hwndTT)
return NULL;
// Set up the tool information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.
g_toolItem.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
g_toolItem.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_TRACK | TTF_ABSOLUTE;
g_toolItem.hwnd = hDlg;
g_toolItem.hinst = g_hInst;
g_toolItem.lpszText = pText;
g_toolItem.uId = (UINT_PTR)hDlg;
GetClientRect(hDlg, &g_toolItem.rect);
// Associate the tooltip with the tool window.
SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&g_toolItem);
return hwndTT;
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
switch (uMsg)
case WM_INITDIALOG:
g_hwndTrackingTT = CreateTrackingToolTip(0, hDlg, L"");
g_hwndTrackingTT1 = CreateTrackingToolTip(0, hDlg, L"");
break;
case WM_MOUSELEAVE:
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
g_TrackingMouse = FALSE;
return FALSE;
case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
static int oldX, oldY;
int newX, newY;
if (!g_TrackingMouse) // The mouse has just entered the window.
// Request notification when the mouse leaves.
TRACKMOUSEEVENT tme = sizeof(TRACKMOUSEEVENT) ;
tme.hwndTrack = hDlg;
tme.dwFlags = TME_LEAVE;
TrackMouseEvent(&tme);
// Activate the tooltip.
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
g_TrackingMouse = TRUE;
newX = GET_X_LPARAM(lParam);
newY = GET_Y_LPARAM(lParam);
// Make sure the mouse has actually moved. The presence of the tooltip
// causes Windows to send the message continuously.
if ((newX != oldX) || (newY != oldY))
oldX = newX;
oldY = newY;
// Update the text.
WCHAR coords[12];
wsprintf(coords, TEXT("%d, %d"), newX, newY);
g_toolItem.lpszText = coords;
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_SETTOOLINFO, 0, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_SETTOOLINFO, 0, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
// Position the tooltip. The coordinates are adjusted so that the tooltip does not overlap the mouse pointer.
//POINT pt = newX, newY ;
POINT pt = 50, 50 ;
ClientToScreen(hDlg, &pt);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + 10, pt.y - 20));
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + 100, pt.y - 20));
return FALSE;
case WM_CLOSE:
EndDialog(hDlg, FALSE);
break;
return FALSE;
运行结果，
可以自行设定ToolTips的位置TTM_TRACKPOSITION，修改ToolTips的显示值TTM_SETTOOLINFO, 控制Tooltips的显示TTM_TRACKACTIVE.
3. 显示多行文本的ToolTips
多行文本ToolTips参考图
使用TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH 消息来创建一个多行文本的ToolTips。设置每行的宽度，超过此宽度的文本会自动换行。也可以使用\\r\\n 强制换行。
注意NMTTDISPINFO 的szText成员最多只能存储80个字符。如果要显示长字符串，请用NMTTDISPINFO的lpszText指向一个长文本的字符。
一下例子使用了TTN_GETDISPINFO通知码来修改tooltips的文本。
case WM_NOTIFY:
switch (((LPNMHDR)lParam)->code)
case TTN_GETDISPINFO:
LPNMTTDISPINFO pInfo = (LPNMTTDISPINFO)lParam;
SendMessage(pInfo->hdr.hwndFrom, TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH, 0, 150);
wcscpy_s(pInfo->szText, ARRAYSIZE(pInfo->szText),
L"This\\nis a very long text string " \\
L"that must be broken into several lines.");
break;
break;
测试用例
显示两个固定位置的多行提示框 若窗口处于非激活状态则隐藏。
提示框的位置会随着窗的移动而移动。
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "resource.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HINSTANCE g_hInst;
HWND hTTWnd;
HWND g_hwndTrackingTT;
HWND g_hwndTrackingTT1;
TOOLINFO g_toolItem;
BOOL g_TrackingMouse = FALSE;
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, PSTR, int)
g_hInst = hInstance;
INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX cx = sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), ICC_BAR_CLASSES ;
BOOL ret = InitCommonControlsEx(&cx);
return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), NULL, (DLGPROC)MyDlgProc);
// Description:
// Creates a tooltip for an item in a dialog box.
// Parameters:
// idTool - identifier of an dialog box item.
// nDlg - window handle of the dialog box.
// pszText - string to use as the tooltip text.
// Returns:
// The handle to the tooltip.
//
HWND CreateToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, PTSTR pszText)
if (!toolID || !hDlg || !pszText)
return FALSE;
// Get the window of the tool.
HWND hwndTool = GetDlgItem(hDlg, toolID);
// Create the tooltip. g_hInst is the global instance handle.
HWND hwndTip = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hDlg, NULL,
g_hInst, NULL);
if (!hwndTool || !hwndTip)
return (HWND)NULL;
SetWindowPos(hwndTip, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0,
SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);
// Associate the tooltip with the tool.
TOOLINFO toolInfo = 0 ;
toolInfo.cbSize = sizeof(toolInfo);
toolInfo.hwnd = hDlg;
toolInfo.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_SUBCLASS;
toolInfo.uId = (UINT_PTR)hwndTool;
toolInfo.lpszText = LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK; // pszText;
SendMessage(hwndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)&toolInfo);
return hwndTip;
void CreateToolTipForRect(HWND hwndParent)
// Create a tooltip.
HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hwndParent, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);
SetWindowPos(hwndTT, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0,
SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);
// Set up "tool" information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.
TOOLINFO ti = 0 ;
ti.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
ti.uFlags = TTF_SUBCLASS;
ti.hwnd = hwndParent;
ti.hinst = g_hInst;
ti.lpszText = TEXT("This is your tooltip string.");
GetClientRect(hwndParent, &ti.rect);
// Associate the tooltip with the "tool" window.
SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&ti);
HWND CreateTrackingToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, WCHAR* pText)
// Create a tooltip.
HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
hDlg, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);
if (!hwndTT)
return NULL;
// Set up the tool information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.
g_toolItem.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
g_toolItem.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_TRACK | TTF_ABSOLUTE;
g_toolItem.hwnd = hDlg;
g_toolItem.hinst = g_hInst;
g_toolItem.lpszText = LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK;//pText;
g_toolItem.uId = (UINT_PTR)hDlg;
GetClientRect(hDlg, &g_toolItem.rect);
// Associate the tooltip with the tool window.
SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&g_toolItem);
SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_SETDELAYTIME, (WPARAM)TTDT_AUTOPOP, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(30 * 1000, 0));
return hwndTT;
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
static BOOL bActive = FALSE;
switch (uMsg)
case WM_INITDIALOG:
g_hwndTrackingTT = CreateTrackingToolTip(0, hDlg, L"");
g_hwndTrackingTT1 = CreateTrackingToolTip(0, hDlg, L"");
//hTTWnd = CreateToolTip(IDCANCEL, hDlg, TEXT("IDCANCEL String \\r\\n nextline"));
//CreateToolTipForRect(hDlg);
break;
case WM_NOTIFY:
switch (((LPNMHDR)lParam)->code)
case TTN_GETDISPINFO: /*TTN_NEEDTEXT:*/
LPNMTTDISPINFO pInfo = (LPNMTTDISPINFO)lParam;
SendMessage(pInfo->hdr.hwndFrom, TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH, 0, 150);
wcscpy_s(pInfo->szText, ARRAYSIZE(pInfo->szText),
L"This\\nis a very long text string " \\
L"that must be broken into several lines.");
break;
break;
case WM_MOVE:
POINT pt = 50, 50 ;
ClientToScreen(hDlg, &pt);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + 10, pt.y - 20));
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 80));
break;
case WM_ACTIVATE:
// if the main windows is inactive ,disappear the tooltips.
if (LOWORD(wParam) == WA_INACTIVE)
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
bActive = FALSE;
else
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
POINT pt = 50, 50 ;
ClientToScreen(hDlg, &pt);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + 10, pt.y - 20));
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 80));
bActive = TRUE;
break;
case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
if (!bActive)
break;
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
POINT pt = 50, 50 ;
ClientToScreen(hDlg, &pt);
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + 10, pt.y - 20));
SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + 10, pt.y + 80));
break;
case WM_CLOSE:
EndDialog(hDlg, FALSE);
break;
return FALSE;
熟悉了ToolTips的用法可以对其用C++做一个封装方便调用。
自己实现了一个可以自行设定位置的基于Windows ToolTips的类。并且使用了SetWindowsLongPtr自行处理了WM_NOTIFY消息。（主窗口不必关心内部消息处理)
CToolTips.h 头文件
/* CToolTips - CToolTips.h
*
* Author: Sesiria <stjohnson_free@hotmail.com>
* Copyright (c) 2017 Sesiria.
*
* CToolTips module header file
* This module is designed to to encapsulation the behavior of the standard Windows ToolTips control.
*/
#ifndef _CTOOLTIPS_H_
#define _CTOOLTIPS_H_
#include <windows.h>
#include <CommCtrl.h>
#include <map>
#include <list>
#include <string>
class CToolTips //Based on the Track style of the ToolTips control.
// member function.
public:
CToolTips(HWND hParentWnd, HINSTANCE hInstance, bool MultiLine = false); //Normal Style and Multiline
~CToolTips();
void setText(LPCTSTR szText);
void setMultiLineText(LPCTSTR szText, const LONG nWidth);
void initToolTips();
void setPosition(const POINT& pt);
void setVisible(bool bVisible);
void setUpdate();
static LRESULT CALLBACK tooltipWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
static LRESULT CALLBACK parentWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
WNDPROC getParentWndProc()
return m_parentWndProc;
;
private:
//
void setActive(bool bActive);
void _registerWndProc();
void _unregisterWndProc();
bool _createToolTips();
void _destroyToolTips();
void _addtoInstanceTable();
void _removeFromInstanceTable();
// member variable.
private:
LPTSTR m_szText;
LPTSTR m_multiText;
LONG m_nWidth;
bool m_bMultiLine;
bool m_bActive;
bool m_bVisible;
POINT m_pos;
HWND m_hParent;
HWND m_hToolTips;
HINSTANCE m_hInst;
TOOLINFO m_toolInfo;
WNDPROC m_parentWndProc;
WNDPROC m_tooltipWndProc;
;
#endif // _CTOOLTIPS_H_CToolTips.cpp 源文件
/* CToolTips - CToolTips.cpp
*
* Author: Sesiria <stjohnson_free@hotmail.com>
* Copyright (c) 2017 Sesiria.
*
* CToolTips module source file
* This module is designed to to encapsulation the behavior of the standard Windows ToolTips control.
*/
#include "CToolTips.h"
#define DELETEP(p) do if (p) delete(p); (p)=NULL; while (0)
#define DELETEPV(pa) do if (pa) delete [] (pa); (pa)=NULL; while (0)
typedef std::list<HWND> ListInstance;
// this data struct is used to support different parent dialog bind with the tooltips instance.
// the HWND is the parent dialog HWND
// ListInstance is a list container to store all the handle of the tooltips relative the same
// parent dialog.
typedef std::map<HWND, ListInstance*> TableInstance;
/
static TableInstance g_tblInstance;
bool isInTable(HWND hParent)
TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hParent);
if (iter == g_tblInstance.end())
return false;
return true;
bool isInTable(HWND hParent, HWND hToolTips)
ListInstance * pList = NULL;
TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hParent);
if (iter == g_tblInstance.end()) // the parent window has not been register.
return false;
else // the parent windows has been registered we just get the parent wndproc from the other nodes.
pList = iter->second;
HWND hToolTips = *pList->begin();
ListInstance::const_iterator iterList = std::find(pList->begin(), pList->end(), hToolTips);
if (iterList == pList->end())
return false;
return true;
HWND getFirstToolTips(HWND hParent)
if (!isInTable(hParent))
return NULL;
ListInstance * pList = NULL;
TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hParent);
return *iter->second->begin();
CToolTips::CToolTips(HWND hParentWnd, HINSTANCE hInstance, bool MultiLine /*= false*/)
:m_szText(NULL),
m_multiText(NULL),
m_nWidth(0),
m_bMultiLine(MultiLine),
m_bActive(false),
m_bVisible(false),
m_hParent(hParentWnd),
m_hToolTips(NULL),
m_parentWndProc(NULL),
m_hInst(hInstance)
m_pos.x = 0;
m_pos.y = 0;
memset(&m_toolInfo, 0, sizeof(TOOLINFO));
if (_createToolTips())
_registerWndProc();
_addtoInstanceTable();
CToolTips::~CToolTips()
_removeFromInstanceTable();
_unregisterWndProc();
if (m_hToolTips)
DestroyWindow(m_hToolTips);
m_hToolTips = NULL;
DELETEPV(m_szText);
DELETEPV(m_multiText);
bool CToolTips::_createToolTips()
if (!m_hParent || !m_hInst)
return false;
// Create the Handle for the ToolTips control
m_hToolTips = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
m_hParent, NULL, m_hInst, NULL);
return (m_hToolTips != NULL);
void CToolTips::initToolTips()
if (!m_hToolTips || !m_hInst)
return;
SetWindowPos(m_hToolTips, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, 0, 0,
SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);
//Init the TOOLINFO
m_toolInfo.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
m_toolInfo.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_TRACK | TTF_ABSOLUTE;
m_toolInfo.hwnd = m_hParent;
m_toolInfo.hinst = m_hInst;
m_toolInfo.lpszText = LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK;
m_toolInfo.uId = (UINT_PTR)m_hParent;
// Associate the tooltip with the tool window.
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_ADDTOOL, 0, (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&m_toolInfo);
// Set the DelayTime of the ToolTips
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_SETDELAYTIME, (WPARAM)TTDT_AUTOPOP, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(30 * 1000, 0));
// By default, we just set the tooltips to inactive.
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
m_bActive = true;
void CToolTips::_addtoInstanceTable()
ListInstance * pList = NULL;
TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(m_hParent);
if (iter == g_tblInstance.end()) // the parent window has not been register.
pList = new ListInstance;
pList->push_back(m_hToolTips);
g_tblInstance.insert(std::make_pair(m_hParent, pList));
else
pList = iter->second;
ListInstance::const_iterator iterSet = std::find(pList->begin(), pList->end(), m_hToolTips);
if (iterSet == pList->end())
pList->push_back(m_hToolTips);
void CToolTips::_removeFromInstanceTable()
TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(m_hParent);
if (iter == g_tblInstance.end())
return;
ListInstance * pSet = iter->second;
pSet->remove(m_hToolTips);
void CToolTips::_registerWndProc()
// bind the this pointer to the handle of the tooltips
SetWindowLongPtr(m_hToolTips, GWLP_USERDATA, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(this));
// Register the windows proc for the tooltip dialog.
m_tooltipWndProc = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLongPtr(m_hToolTips,
GWLP_WNDPROC, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(&CToolTips::tooltipWndProc));
// Register the windows proc for the parents dialog.
if (!isInTable(m_hParent) && !m_parentWndProc)
m_parentWndProc = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLongPtr(m_hParent,
GWLP_WNDPROC, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(&CToolTips::parentWndProc));
else
HWND hToolTips;
if (!(hToolTips = getFirstToolTips(m_hParent)))
return;
LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr(hToolTips, GWLP_USERDATA);
CToolTips *pToolTips = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
m_parentWndProc = pToolTips->getParentWndProc();
void CToolTips::_unregisterWndProc()
// if it is the last element relative to the parent dialog just unregister the wndproc.
TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(m_hParent);
if (iter != g_tblInstance.end() && m_parentWndProc != NULL)
ListInstance *pSet = iter->second;
if (pSet->size() == 0)// it is the empty set.
(WNDPROC)SetWindowLongPtr(m_hParent,
GWLP_WNDPROC, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(m_parentWndProc));
g_tblInstance.erase(iter);
DELETEP(pSet);
m_parentWndProc = NULL;
// unregister the window procedure and restore to the default procedure.
if (m_tooltipWndProc)
SetWindowLongPtr(m_hToolTips,
GWLP_WNDPROC, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(m_tooltipWndProc));
m_tooltipWndProc = NULL;
// unregister the this pointer to the hwnd GWL_USERDATA
SetWindowLongPtr(m_hToolTips, GWLP_USERDATA, NULL);
LRESULT CALLBACK CToolTips::tooltipWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, GWLP_USERDATA);
CToolTips *this_window = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
if (!this_window || !this_window->m_tooltipWndProc)
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
static bool g_TrackingMouse = false;
switch (Msg)
case WM_MOUSELEAVE:
g_TrackingMouse = false;
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
break;
case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
if (!g_TrackingMouse)
TRACKMOUSEEVENT tme = sizeof(TRACKMOUSEEVENT) ;
tme.hwndTrack = hWnd;
tme.dwFlags = TME_LEAVE;
TrackMouseEvent(&tme);
this_window->setUpdate();
g_TrackingMouse = true;
break;
return CallWindowProc(this_window->m_tooltipWndProc, hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
// hook for the parent window procedure
LRESULT CALLBACK CToolTips::parentWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr(getFirstToolTips(hWnd), GWLP_USERDATA);
CToolTips *this_window = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
if (!this_window || !this_window->getParentWndProc())
return DefWindowProcW(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
switch (Msg)
case WM_NOTIFY:
switch (((LPNMHDR)lParam)->code)
case TTN_GETDISPINFO: /*TTN_NEEDTEXT:*/
LPNMTTDISPINFO pInfo = (LPNMTTDISPINFO)lParam;
SendMessage(pInfo->hdr.hwndFrom, TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH, 0, this_window->m_nWidth);
lstrcpyn(pInfo->szText, this_window->m_multiText, ARRAYSIZE(pInfo->szText));
break;
break;
case WM_MOVE:
TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hWnd);
if (iter == g_tblInstance.end())
break;
ListInstance *pList = iter->second;
ListInstance::iterator iterlist;
for (iterlist = pList->begin(); iterlist != pList->end(); ++iterlist)
LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr((HWND)(*iterlist), GWLP_USERDATA);
CToolTips *tooltips_window = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
if (!tooltips_window)
continue;
tooltips_window->setPosition(tooltips_window->m_pos);
break;
case WM_ACTIVATE:
TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hWnd);
if (iter == g_tblInstance.end())
break;
ListInstance *pList = iter->second;
ListInstance::iterator iterlist;
for (iterlist = pList->begin(); iterlist != pList->end(); ++iterlist)
LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr((HWND)(*iterlist), GWLP_USERDATA);
CToolTips *tooltips_window = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
if (!tooltips_window)
continue;
if (LOWORD(wParam) == WA_INACTIVE)
tooltips_window->setActive(false);
else
tooltips_window->setActive(true);
return CallWindowProc(this_window->m_parentWndProc, hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
void CToolTips::setText(LPCTSTR szText)
DELETEPV(m_szText);
m_szText = new TCHAR[lstrlen(szText) + 1];
lstrcpy(m_szText, szText);
void CToolTips::setMultiLineText(LPCTSTR szText, const LONG nWidth)
DELETEPV(m_multiText);
m_multiText = new TCHAR[lstrlen(szText) + 1];
lstrcpy(m_multiText, szText);
m_nWidth = nWidth;
if (m_bActive)
setUpdate();
void CToolTips::setPosition(const POINT& pt)
m_pos.x = pt.x;
m_pos.y = pt.y;
POINT newPt = m_pos.x, m_pos.y;
ClientToScreen(m_hParent, &newPt);
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, 0, (LPARAM)MAKELONG(newPt.x, newPt.y));
void CToolTips::setActive(bool bActive)
m_bActive = bActive;
if (m_bActive && m_bVisible)
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
setPosition(m_pos);
else
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
void CToolTips::setVisible(bool bVisible)
m_bVisible = bVisible;
if (m_bVisible && m_bActive)
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
setPosition(m_pos);
else
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
void CToolTips::setUpdate()
SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_UPDATE, 0, 0);
main.cpp 测试代码
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "resource.h"
#include "CToolTips.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")
#define MULTILINE_TEXT TEXT("This\\nis a very long text string that must be broken into several lines.")
#define MULTILINE_TEXT_TIME TEXT("This\\nis a very long text string that must be broken into several lines. %d")
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc1(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HINSTANCE g_hInst;
CToolTips *g_pToolTips = NULL;
CToolTips *g_pToolTips1 = NULL;
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, PSTR, int)
g_hInst = hInstance;
INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX cx = sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), ICC_BAR_CLASSES ;
BOOL ret = InitCommonControlsEx(&cx);
return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), NULL, (DLGPROC)MyDlgProc1);
void TEST_Constructor(HWND hDlg)
g_pToolTips = new CToolTips(hDlg, g_hInst, true);
assert(g_pToolTips != NULL);
g_pToolTips1 = new CToolTips(hDlg, g_hInst, true);
void TEST_Destructor()
if (g_pToolTips)
delete g_pToolTips;
g_pToolTips = NULL;
if (g_pToolTips1)
delete g_pToolTips1;
g_pToolTips1 = NULL;
void TEST_MultilineToolTips()
if (!g_pToolTips)
return;
g_pToolTips->setMultiLineText(MULTILINE_TEXT, 150);
g_pToolTips->initToolTips();
POINT pt = 50, 50 ;
g_pToolTips->setPosition(pt);
g_pToolTips->setVisible(true);
if (!g_pToolTips1)
return;
g_pToolTips1->setMultiLineText(MULTILINE_TEXT, 150);
g_pToolTips1->initToolTips();
POINT pt1 = 100, 50 ;
g_pToolTips1->setPosition(pt1);
g_pToolTips1->setVisible(true);
void TEST_StartDynamicUpdate(HWND HDlg)
SetTimer(HDlg, 1, 5000, NULL);
void TEST_DynamicUpdateToolTips(HWND hDlg)
TCHAR buf[255] = 0 ;
wsprintf(buf, MULTILINE_TEXT_TIME, GetCurrentTime());
//
//
static int i = 0;
if (i % 2 == 0)
g_pToolTips1->setMultiLineText(buf, 150);
else
g_pToolTips->setMultiLineText(buf, 150);
i++;
void TEST_KillDynamicUpdate(HWND hDlg)
KillTimer(hDlg, 1);
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc1(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
static CToolTips * pToolTips;
switch (uMsg)
case WM_INITDIALOG:
TEST_Constructor(hDlg);
TEST_MultilineToolTips();
TEST_StartDynamicUpdate(hDlg);
break;
case WM_TIMER:
TEST_DynamicUpdateToolTips(hDlg);
break;
case WM_CLOSE:
TEST_KillDynamicUpdate(hDlg);
TEST_Destructor();
EndDialog(hDlg, FALSE);
break;
return FALSE;
运行结果如下
创建了两个多行气泡的ToolTips， 定时器每间隔5秒会更新气泡的内容，气泡的位置会随着窗口被拖动而自行 调整， 当窗口处于非激活状态时候气泡自动隐藏。
单鼠标指向某一个气泡的时候，该气泡默认会显示在窗口最顶端。
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