.Net消息队列的使用

Posted 2022-07-31 真爱无限

.Net使用消息队列，借助windows组件来存储要完成的一系列任务，不用程序使用同一个队列，方便不同程序之间的数据共享和协作……

以本人经验，这个在某个方面类似于session（当然还有很多方面不同）,相同之处：session可以把信息存储在aspnet_state服务中，网站重新编译或者重新启动网站，session不会丢失（session超时是正常情况，这种情况除外）。

win7中安装消息队列组件，其他操作系统请百度搜索相关资料。

如果服务没有自动启动，需要启动服务：

先创建队列，再使用队列，队列中的消息，发送一个多一个，接收一个少一个，先进先出。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Messaging;
//添加物理文件 System.Messaging 的引用
namespace testweb

    public partial class MSMQtest : System.Web.UI.Page
    
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        
            //CreateNewQueue("MsgQueue");//创建一个消息队列
            //sendSimpleMsg();//每一个队列最好只发送和接收同一种格式的信息，不然不好转换格式。
            //receiveSimpleMsg();//
            //receiveSimpleMsg();
            //sendComplexMsg();
            //receiveComplexMsg();
            MsgModel m = receiveComplexMsg<MsgModel>();
            Response.Write(m.ToString());
            
        
        private void sendSimpleMsg()
        
            //实例化MessageQueue,并指向现有的一个名称为VideoQueue队列
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\\private$\\MsgQueue");
            //MQ.Send("消息测试", "测试消息");
            System.Messaging.Message message = new System.Messaging.Message();
            message.Label = "消息lable";
            message.Body = "消息body";
            MQ.Send(message);

            Response.Write("成功发送消息，" + DateTime.Now + "<br/>");
        
        private void receiveSimpleMsg()
        
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\\private$\\MsgQueue");
            //调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
            if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
            
                System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
                if (message != null)
                
                    //message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new string[]  "Message.Bussiness.VideoPath,Message" );//消息类型转换
                    message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[]  typeof(string) );
                    Response.Write(string.Format("接收消息成功,lable:0,body:1,2<br/>", message.Label, message.Body.ToString(), DateTime.Now));
                
            
            else
            
                Response.Write("没有消息了！<br/>");
            
        
        private void sendComplexMsg()
        
            //实例化MessageQueue,并指向现有的一个名称为VideoQueue队列
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\\private$\\MsgQueue");
            //MQ.Send("消息测试", "测试消息");
            System.Messaging.Message message = new System.Messaging.Message();
            message.Label = "复杂消息lable";
            message.Body = new MsgModel("1", "消息1");
            MQ.Send(message);

            Response.Write("成功发送消息，"+DateTime.Now+"<br/>");
        
        private void receiveComplexMsg()
        
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\\private$\\MsgQueue");
            //调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
            if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
            
                System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
                if (message != null)
                
                    message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[]  typeof(MsgModel) );//消息类型转换
                    MsgModel msg = (MsgModel)message.Body;
                    Response.Write(string.Format("接收消息成功,lable:0,body:1,2<br/>", message.Label, msg, DateTime.Now));
                
            
            else
            
                Response.Write("没有消息了！<br/>");
            
        
        private T receiveComplexMsg<T>()
        
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\\private$\\MsgQueue");
            //调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
            if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
            
                System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
                if (message != null)
                
                    message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[]  typeof(T) );//消息类型转换
                    T msg = (T)message.Body;
                    return msg;
                
            

            return default(T);
        

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建消息队列
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">消息队列名称</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void CreateNewQueue(string name)
        
            if (!System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Exists(".\\\\private$\\\\" + name))//检查是否已经存在同名的消息队列
            
                
                System.Messaging.MessageQueue mq = System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Create(".\\\\private$\\\\" + name);
                mq.Label = "private$\\\\"+name;
                Response.Write("创建成功！<br/>");
            
            else
            
                //System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Delete(".\\\\private$\\\\" + name);//删除一个消息队列
                Response.Write("已经存在<br/>");
            
        

    
    [Serializable]
    public class MsgModel
    
        public string id  get; set; 
        public string Name  get; set; 
        public MsgModel()  
        public MsgModel(string _id, string _Name)
        
            id = _id;
            Name = _Name;
        
        public override string ToString()
        
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(id) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Name)) return "";
            return string.Format("id--0,Name--1",id,Name);